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Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (1999) 79 (4): 669–702.
Published: 01 November 1999
...Adrian J. Pearce Copyright 1999 by Duke University Press 1999 Huancavelica lies in the highlands of Peru, some 250 kilometers southeast of Lima. On a high hill to the south lies the great mercury mine that, following its discovery in 1563, was the motive for the town’s foundation...
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View articletitled, Huancavelica 1700-1759: Administrative Reform of the <span class="search-highlight">Mercury</span> Industry in Early Bourbon Peru
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for article titled, Huancavelica 1700-1759: Administrative Reform of the <span class="search-highlight">Mercury</span> Industry in Early Bourbon Peru
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (2012) 92 (3): 550–551.
Published: 01 August 2012
... of global capitalism, in the labor systems that sustained mercury and silver production, into the mining and processing of mercury and silver, and back to the wider world of native communities that sustained workers. Thanks to this work, we know better the horrific human toll in two cities that were...
View articletitled, <span class="search-highlight">Mercury</span>, Mining, and Empire: The Human and Ecological Cost of Colonial Silver Mining in the Andes
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for article titled, <span class="search-highlight">Mercury</span>, Mining, and Empire: The Human and Ecological Cost of Colonial Silver Mining in the Andes
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (1941) 21 (4): 627–628.
Published: 01 November 1941
...Arthur S. Aiton Copyright 1941 by Duke University Press 1941 The Huancavelica Mercury Mine. A Contribution to the History of the Bourbon Renaissance in the Spanish Empire . By Whitaker Arthur Preston . ( Cambridge : Harvard University Press , 1941 . Pp. xiii , 150 . $2.00 .) ...
View articletitled, The Huancavelica <span class="search-highlight">Mercury</span> Mine. A Contribution to the History of the Bourbon Renaissance in the Spanish Empire
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for article titled, The Huancavelica <span class="search-highlight">Mercury</span> Mine. A Contribution to the History of the Bourbon Renaissance in the Spanish Empire
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in Huancavelica 1700-1759: Administrative Reform of the Mercury Industry in Early Bourbon Peru
> Hispanic American Historical Review
Published: 01 November 1999
Fig. 2: Calculated quinquennial mercury production at Huancavelica, 1700-1760
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Published: 01 November 1972
Graph I MERCURY PRODUCTION: Almaden and Huancavolica, 1570-1810 (annual averages in thousands of quintals) Sources: Kuss, Mémoire d’Almadén , pp. 149-150; Rivero y Ustáriz, Memoria sobre Huancavelica , pp. 154-157. (see note 51). Both sources provide aggregated production totals for unequal
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Published: 01 November 1972
Graph III MERCURY CONSUMPTION: New Spain and Peru, 1560-1700 (five-year totals in thousands of quintals) Sources: Chaunu, Seville et l’Atlantique , VIII, 2:2, 1958-1978; Matilla Tascón, Almadén , pp. 234-235; Lohmann Villena , Huancavelica, pp. 452-455; Bakewell, Silver and Society , pp. 253
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Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (1980) 60 (3): 492–493.
Published: 01 August 1980
... University Press 1980 This is a thorough piece of work, the outcome of a decade of research by Dr. Lang on mercury mining and supply in New Spain—an important matter, since most silver produced in colonial Mexico was drawn from its ores by amalgamation. Earlier research has suggested close connections...
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (1981) 61 (2): 315–316.
Published: 01 May 1981
...Mervyn F. Lang The financial side of the mercury supply is particularly well treated in this study, with emphasis on the relationship between mercury consumption and silver yield, and a clear demonstration of the profitability, for the Crown, in administering the mercury trade. The statistical...
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (2019) 99 (2): 338–340.
Published: 01 May 2019
... Indians northeast of Huamanga to reveal a local deposit of cinnabar, or llimpi —a scarlet ore that Andean elites collected as a ritual cosmetic but that when fired produces liquid mercury. Mercury is toxic but when amalgamated with other metals—like silver—allows the refining of lesser-quality ores...
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (1972) 52 (4): 545–579.
Published: 01 November 1972
...Graph I MERCURY PRODUCTION: Almaden and Huancavolica, 1570-1810 (annual averages in thousands of quintals) Sources: Kuss, Mémoire d’Almadén , pp. 149-150; Rivero y Ustáriz, Memoria sobre Huancavelica , pp. 154-157. (see note 51). Both sources provide aggregated production totals for unequal...
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Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (1990) 70 (3): 491–492.
Published: 01 August 1990
... Over the course of the eighteenth century, annual silver production in Mexico quadrupled, due in large part to cheaper and more abundant supplies of mercury, a key ingredient in the refining process. Nearly all mercury used by Mexicans during the eighteenth century came from Almadén, the royal...
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (1985) 65 (3): 558–559.
Published: 01 August 1985
... by the emergence into social and economic prominence of Huancavelica’s merchants in the mid-seventeenth century. He attributes this to the dwindling of the mercury miners’ previous economic strength. This decline resulted, so he proposes, from a shortage of forced labor, which in turn derived from the sixteenth...
View articletitled, La ciudad del mercurio: Huancavelica, 1570-1700 Dámaso de Uriburu. Un empresario minero de principios del siglo xix en Bolivia
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for article titled, La ciudad del mercurio: Huancavelica, 1570-1700 Dámaso de Uriburu. Un empresario minero de principios del siglo xix en Bolivia
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (1970) 50 (4): 665–681.
Published: 01 November 1970
.... At the same time a greater proportion of metal was refined by slow amalgamation with mercury rather than by smelting in a furnace, and the amalgamation process itself was improved and better applied than before. 9 Thus, although no new invention significantly altered the methods of production, existing...
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (1972) 52 (4): 656–657.
Published: 01 November 1972
... following 1630. The causes of this slump were twofold. First, the Crown diverted Almadén mercury, the indispensable ingredient for amalgamation, from Mexico to Peru. Then as miners’ debts to the royal mercury monopoly increased, the Crown foreclosed and virtually bankrupted the industry. Zacatecas did...
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (1979) 59 (1): 181–182.
Published: 01 February 1979
..., Alberto Crespo, Josep Barriadas, and others. Introductory and concluding chapters on the general history of Potosí, divided at 1573, when mercury amalgamation was introduced there, are accompanied by a discussion of mercury mining at Huancavelica, and more detailed consideration of labor supply...
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (1995) 75 (2): 275–276.
Published: 01 May 1995
...), and reinstituted credit sales of mercury from the government monopoly just as production at the Huancavelica mercury mine began to rise again. Like their counterparts in Mexico, Potosí’s mining enterprises were vertically integrated operations. Except for their multifaceted dependence on the colonial state...
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (1999) 79 (1): 124–126.
Published: 01 February 1999
... trends in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, fraud, credit and exchange, technological changes, investment strategies, transport of mercury and bullion, the state monopoly over mercury, amalgamation versus smelting in the late eighteenth century, and labor in the mines. The author’s central...
View articletitled, La Nueva España y sus metales preciosos: la industria minera colonial a través de los libros de cargo y data de la Real Hacienda, 1761–1767
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for article titled, La Nueva España y sus metales preciosos: la industria minera colonial a través de los libros de cargo y data de la Real Hacienda, 1761–1767
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (2016) 96 (3): 569–571.
Published: 01 August 2016
..., merchants, and miners forced the viceroy to suspend mercury sales on credit from Huancavelica in 1804. Eight years later, the Huancavelica mine was closed and mercury was imported from Spain. The mercury business was deadly and dangerous in multiple ways. The wars of independence disrupted exports...
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (1973) 53 (3): 440–469.
Published: 01 August 1973
... and population. It also established state monopolies (tobacco products, playing cards, mercury, stamped paper, etc.) for further extraction of funds from its subjects. The tax structure was administered by a large number of paid royal treasury officials, supplemented by private tax farmers. The resulting...
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (1975) 55 (1): 25–43.
Published: 01 February 1975
... Registered Silver Production in Peru, 1771-1824 Figure I. Registered Silver Production in Peru, 1771-1824 Within the period 1777-1812, the fluctuation in silver registration from year to year was often due to difficulties associated with mercury supply and distribution and not to purely internal...
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