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Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (1955) 35 (4): 554.
Published: 01 November 1955
...Eugene H. Korth, S. J. El esclavo de los esclavos. San Pedro Claver, S. J. Tercer centenario de su muerte. (1654-1954) . By Valtierra Angel S. J. , 2nd edition. Bogotá , 1954 . Editorial Antares . Illustrations . Pp. 125 . Paper . El santo que libertó una raza. San Pedro...
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (2014) 94 (2): 323–325.
Published: 01 May 2014
... work on gender in Latin America and especially Brazil, the volume's title and its lack of gender analysis are problematic. It is true that the Portuguese-language terminology homens livres pobres e libertos refers to the free poor as a racial and class group. Yet unfortunately, this designation...
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (2021) 101 (4): 710–711.
Published: 01 November 2021
...Oscar de la Torre O massacre dos libertos: Sobre raça e república no Brasil (1888–1889) . By Matheus Gato . Estudos. São Paulo : Editora Perspectiva , 2020 . Photographs. Maps. Figures. Tables. Notes. Bibliography . xxvii, 163 pp. Paper, R$44.90 . Copyright © 2021 by Duke...
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (2003) 83 (1): 175–176.
Published: 01 February 2003
...Aaron P. Althouse Negros, mulatos, esclavos y libertos en la Costa Rica del siglo XVII . By Cáceres Rina . Mexico City : Instituto Panamericano de Geografía e Historia , 2001 . Maps. Tables. Figures. Bibliography . xiii , 130 pp. Paper . Copyright 2003 by Duke University...
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (1988) 68 (4): 872–873.
Published: 01 November 1988
...Anani Dzidzienyo Negros, estrangeiros: Os escravos libertos e sua volta à África . By Cunha Manuela Carneiro da . São Paulo : Editora Brasiliense , 1985 . Notes. Photographs. Tables. Appendix. Bibliography . Pp. 231 . Paper . Copyright 1988 by Duke University Press 1988...
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Published: 01 November 1974
Figure 1 ORIGIN, AGE, AND SEX OF THE LIBERTOS (N=950) More
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (1974) 54 (4): 603–635.
Published: 01 November 1974
...Figure 1 ORIGIN, AGE, AND SEX OF THE LIBERTOS (N=950) ...
FIGURES
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (2023) 103 (1): 174–176.
Published: 01 February 2023
... enslaved and then immediately freed (and were therefore libertos ). The Reglamento de Libertos, approved a month after the initial law, settled that question and laid out the regulations governing this new class of persons. In 1840, a court in Tucumán found that “ los derechos y obligaciones que tiene el...
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (1976) 56 (3): 424–437.
Published: 01 August 1976
... of “child” varies widely, some priests omit mention of sex, some do not utilize categories such as entenado, agregado or arrimado . Only for total numbers in each partido , slaves, libertos , free pardos, and numbers of households is the information relatively complete. Thus, while not as revealing...
FIGURES
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (1983) 63 (3): 449–477.
Published: 01 August 1983
... emancipation. The effects of this emancipation were limited, though, by the enactment in July 1869 of a restrictive Reglamento de Libertos that required forced labor of former slaves. Only at the end of 1870, when these regulations were revoked, did the rebels take up a position of genuine abolitionism...
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review 11834360.
Published: 29 April 2025
...¸a o do tra´ co de escravos no Brasil (2017), Jean offers the most detailed English-language examination of libertos, the approximately 11,000 African captives rescued by the British Navy from illegal slave ships in transit to Brazil between 1821 and 1855 and turned over to the Brazilian state...
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (1988) 68 (3): 491–524.
Published: 01 August 1988
... will happen, asked the Província de S . Paulo , “when the libertos , with this education [of freedom] behind them, organize to impose salary conditions, hours of work, protection for their children?” Such fears were by no means unfounded: the former slaves were not slow to perceive the possibilities opened...
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review 11834512.
Published: 29 April 2025
... the most detailed English-language examination of libertos, the approximately 11,000 African captives rescued by the British Navy from illegal slave ships in transit to Brazil between 1821 and 1855 and turned over to the Brazilian state to labor under apprenticeship. 1818 law mandated 14 years service...
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (2013) 93 (4): 621–657.
Published: 01 November 2013
... subjects. According to liberals, former slaves remained obedient and respectful of social boundaries out of gratitude for the restoration of their humanity. El Derecho , for example, published the story of liberto Tomás de la Ceiba, who was so appreciative of his elderly owner’s so-called attentions...
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (2021) 101 (2): 331–333.
Published: 01 May 2021
... of feelings (p. 284). Rosas did not pass new legislation against slavery but continued with the 1813 legislation ending the slave trade and instituting the new legal status of libertos . Indeed, Rosas extended libertos' service through militarization, and thus they were coerced to serve. Rosas's measures...
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (1982) 62 (2): 306–307.
Published: 01 May 1982
... between 1835 and 1840. If laws had little effect on slavery, however, civil war did. The War of the Supremos (1839–42) weakened the cohesiveness of the Payanes elite and heightened slave unrest. Despite legislation extending slaveowner control over libertos until they reached age twenty-five, the end...
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (1988) 68 (3): 407–428.
Published: 01 August 1988
... was portrayed as a good and reliable worker, the catingueiro as strong but haughty and proud. 15 Instead of attributing fixed patterns of behavior to immigrants and libertos , Andrews shows how the demands and bargains of each group evolved. As the immigrants gained a footing, they too balked at low...
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (1997) 77 (2): 348–349.
Published: 01 May 1997
... family was attainable without work. Following emancipation, libertos did not flee from labor but instead entered into intense and often difficult bargaining with former masters over the terms under which work was to be carried out. The results were a dramatic redefinition of working conditions...
Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (1993) 73 (3): 361–391.
Published: 01 August 1993
... called forro (freed) or liberto (liberated), was legally free. It was the ex-slave’s awesome responsibility to preserve this original letter; having the notary preserve a copy could legally protect the freed slave from re-enslavement in case the original was lost. Letters of liberty preserved...
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Journal Article
Hispanic American Historical Review (2000) 80 (4): 913–941.
Published: 01 November 2000
... context, has been analyzed in Maria Inês Côrtes de Oliveira, O liberto: O seu mundo e os outros, Salvador, 1790–1890 (São Paulo: Corrupio, 1988). For studies on the hardships suffered by both white and free colored poor under slavery, see Maria Sylvia de Carvalho Franco, Homes livres na ordem...