...Mark Lentz Abstract Although indigenous languages elsewhere in the Americas declined during the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, in eighteenth-century Yucatan fluency and literacy in Yucatec Maya became more common among castas and creoles. During the later colonial period, interpreters...

... distinct and generally hostile groups. 1 In his well-known study, A. J. R. Russell-Wood sought to show that in Bahia the merchants began to gain ascendancy over the planters around 1700 and by the middle of the eighteenth century had attained dominance in the political and social spheres as well...

...Ramón Aizpurua The Smugglers' World: Illicit Trade and Atlantic Communities in Eighteenth-Century Venezuela . By Jesse Cromwell . Williamsburg, VA : Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture ; Chapel Hill : University of North Carolina Press , 2018 . Maps. Figures...

... that native militias played in the defense of Yucatan against pirate attacks in the absence of a standing army in New Spain until the end of the eighteenth century. The importance of Mayan militias in Ixil is evident in the wills both from the firearms inherited and from the military titles ( capitán...

... of Shechem , 59. 90. Not everyone in my sample had gotten married in Arecibo; many were likely married in the nearby communities of Aguada and Manatí, where parish registers from the eighteenth century no longer exist, or in Utuado, which lacks marriage registers from this period. Also, some...

...Arthur S. Aiton Trade and Peace with Old Spain, 1667-1750. A Study of the Influence of Commerce on Anglo-Spanish Diplomacy in the First Half of the Eighteenth Century . By McLachlan Jean O. . With a foreword by Temperley Harold . ( Cambridge : Cambridge University Press , 1940...

..., or American-born whites, from positions of power and responsibility. Much of the rivalry between creoles and Spaniards was imagined to be the direct result of this policy. Recent research, however, seems to demonstrate that by the eighteenth century at least, and probably earlier, the exclusion of creoles...

...Max Savelle Gibraltar in British Diplomacy in the Eighteenth Century . By Conn Stetson . ( New Haven : Yale University Press , 1942 . Pp. ix , 317 . $3.00 .) Copyright 1943 by Duke University Press 1943 ...

... As part of a general effort to reestablish effective control over its American colonies, during the second half of the eighteenth century the Spanish crown sought to integrate systematically both Americans and persons experienced in American affairs into government positions in Spain. A royal order...

...Andrés Reséndez Pueblo Indians and Spanish Colonial Authority in Eighteenth-Century New Mexico . By Brown Tracy L. . Tucson : University of Arizona Press , 2013 . Photographs. Maps. Tables. Notes. Bibliography. Index. viii, 237 pp. Cloth , $55.00 . Copyright © 2015 by Duke...

...Ainara Vázquez Varela The Spanish Atlantic World in the Eighteenth Century: War and the Bourbon Reforms, 1713–1796 . By Kuethe Allan J. and Andrien Kenneth J. . New Approaches to the Americas . New York : Cambridge University Press , 2014 . Plates. Figures. Table. Notes...

...Gabriel Haslip-Viera Casta Painting: Images of Race in Eighteenth-Century Mexico . By Katzew Ilona . New Haven, CT : Yale University Press , 2004 . Plates. Illustrations. Notes. Bibliography. Index . vii , 242 pp. Cloth , $60.00 . © 2006 by Duke University Press 2006...

...Adam Rothman Black Townsmen: Urban Slavery and Freedom in the Eighteenth-Century Americas . By Dantas Mariana L. R. . New York : Palgrave Macmillan , 2008 . Tables. Notes. Bibliography. Index . xiv , 280 pp. Cloth . Copyright 2009 by Duke University Press 2009 Mariana...

... eighteenth century. The forced migration of Mexicans to the Philippines has been addressed in part by María Fernanda García de los Arcos in her 1996 work Forzados y reclutas: Los criollos novohispanos en Asia (1756–1808) . Both my work and García de los Arcos's assume that Mexico and the Philippines...

...Allan J. Kuethe The Social Transformation of Eighteenth-Century Cuba . By Johnson Sherry . Gainesville : University Press of Florida , 2001 . Illustrations. Maps. Appendixes. Notes. Bibliography. Index . x , 267 pp. Cloth , $55.00 . Copyright 2003 by Duke University Press...

...Susan M. Deeds How to Write the History of the New World: Histories, Epistemologies, and Identities in the Eighteenth-Century Atlantic World . By Cañizares-Esguerra Jorge . Cultural Sitings . Stanford : Stanford University Press , 2001 . Photographs. Plates. Illustrations. Maps...

... between increased levels of local violence in the colony during the second half of the eighteenth century and the early nineteenth-century struggle for independence. No mean feat in 116 pages of text. Frederick then focuses on one Bourbon reform in particular, the 1765 tobacco monopoly, and its impact...

...Linda A. Newson Secret Cures of Slaves: People, Plants, and Medicine in the Eighteenth-Century Atlantic World . By Londa Schiebinger . Stanford, CA : Stanford University Press , 2017 . Figures. Notes. Bibliography. Index. xiii, 234 pp. Paper , $24.95 . Copyright © 2019 by Duke...