..., the Church should continue its traditional supervision of the schools. He believed that lay education was either a Liberal or Masonic plot to ruin the children and annihilate the Church. In the opinion of Bermúdez, the Colombian schools fell within the condemnation of Propositions XLVII and XLVIII...

...James J. Parsons Peasant Society in the Colombian Andes: A Sociological Study of Saucío . By Fals-Borda Orlando . Gainesville , 1955 . University of Florida Press . Illustrations. Appendices. Bibliography. Index . Pp. xii , 277 . $5.00 . Copyright 1956 by Duke University...

...John E. Englekirk Guillermo Valencia: Colombian Poet (1873-1943) . By Karsen Sonja . ( New York : Hispanic Institute in the United States , 1951 . Pp. 269 . Illus .) Copyright 1952 by Duke University Press 1952 ...

...William M. Gibson Copyright 1941 by Duke University Press 1941 Colombian Government Publications . By Childs James B. . ( Washington : The Library of Congress , 1941 . Pp. 41 .) ...

...Noble David Cook Chiefdoms under Siege: Spain’s Rule and Native Adaptation in the Southern Colombian Andes, 1555–1700 . By Calero Luis F. . Albuquerque : University of New Mexico Press , 1997 . Maps. Tables. Figures. Appendixes. Notes. Glossary. Bibliography. Index . xiv , 233 pp...

...Aline Helg This book provides the first history of the Colombian Caribbean coast from the 1870s to the 1940s. Without adopting a polemical tone, it masterfully demonstrates the significance of the costa to Colombian history. No doubt, its rather top-down approach neglects some aspects...

... of investing in new ones—even though senior government officials were wary of assuming responsibility for the laboratory when the Rockefeller contract terminated. 68 After these successful collaborations with the Colombian authorities, the IHB sought their cooperation in the drive to “conquer” jungle...

...John K. Chance Ideology and Pre-Colombian Civilizations . Edited by Demarest Arthur A. and Conrad Geoffrey W. . Santa Fe, N.M. : School of American Research Press , 1992 . Maps. Figures. Notes. Bibliography. Index, vii, 261 pp. Cloth , $35.00 . Paper , $15.95 . Copyright...

...Michael F. Jiménez The Llanos Frontier in Colombian History, 1830-1930 . By Rausch Jane M. . Albuquerque : University of New Mexico Press , 1993 . Illustrations. Maps. Tables. Glossary. Bibliography. Index , xii, 401 pp. Cloth . $50.00 . Copyright 1994 by Duke University...

...Jane M. Rausch The Early Colombian Labor Movement: Artisans and Politics in Bogotá, 1832-1919 . By Sowell David . Philadelphia : Temple University Press , 1992 . Map. Tables. Notes. Bibliography. Index . xvi , 269 pp. Cloth . $44.95 . Copyright 1993 by Duke University Press...

...Jean E. Jackson The Politics of Memory: Native Historical Interpretation in the Colombian Andes . By Rappaport Joanne . New York : Cambridge University Press , 1990 . Photographs. Maps. Figures. Notes. Glossary. Bibliography. Index. xiv , 226 pp. Cloth . $42.50 . Copyright...

...J. Ignacio Méndez Rafael Núñez and the Politics of Colombian Regionalism, 1863-1886 . By Park James William . Baton Rouge : Louisiana State University Press , 1985 . Map. Tables. Figure. Notes. Bibliography. Index . Pp. xii , 304 . Cloth. $35.00 . Copyright 1987 by Duke...

... is the Colombian Chocó. In the Chocó the principal occupation of slaves for more than a century was placer gold mining, and a variety of primary sources are available in Spanish, national, local, and private archives. Slave inventories, bills of sale, wills and testaments, and census reports yield information...

...James W. Park Chapter 1 contains one of the best available summaries of the development of Colombian Liberalism from the 1820s to implementation of the Constitution of 1863. The following four chapters, analytical but somewhat tedious, examine the mechanics of the electoral process and the bases...

... Colombians, in particular political conservatives, wanted both to contain disorder and to catch up economically with the more modern European powers. Technical education, they believed, was the key to both these aims. Practically-trained men could work with greater profit, and profit would make them hard...

...David Bushnell Our Daily Bread: The Peasant Question and Family Farming in the Colombian Andes . By Reinhardt Nola . Berkeley and Los Angeles : University of California Press , 1988 . Maps. Tables. Photographs. Bibliography. Index . Pp. xv , 308 . Cloth . Copyright 1990...