...Mary Watters Albores de Venezuela: Significado del régimen alemán: Génesis de la nacionalidad: Origen y expresión del ayuntamiento americano: Encomiendas primitivas de Barquisimeto . By Perera Ambrosio . Caracas : C. A. Artes Gráficas , 1946 . Pp. 199 . Paper.) Copyright 1948...

...Duvon C. Cobbitt Actas capitulares del ayuntamiento de la Habana, 1550-1574 . [ Colección de documentos para la historia de Cuba. Tomos I y II .] Edited by de Leuchsenbing Emilio Roig . ( Habana : Municipio de la Habana , Tomo I in 2 vols., 1937 ; tomo II , 1939 . I, xv , 259...

... Historia de la ciudad de Veracruz y de su ayuntamiento . By Trens Manuel B. . Mexico City , 1955 . Illustrations . Pp. 178 . Copyright 1956 by Duke University Press 1956 ...

..., these pressures affected all segments of society, but in Mexico City they were focused on the ayuntamiento, the heart of the municipal government. Torn between its responsibilities to city and nation, the ayuntamiento faced every dilemma produced by the war and by the uncertainties of Mexican politics...

... as a result of the receipt of the news of Ferdinand VII’s elevation to the throne and his subsequent imprisonment in France by Napoleon. Copyright 1976 by Duke University Press 1976 Cabildos y ayuntamientos de la Nueva España en 1808 . By Oteo Guadalupe Nava . México , 1973 . SepSetentas...

...Jordana Dym L’indépendance argentine entre cités et nation (1808–1821) . By Verdo Geneviève . Paris : Publications de la Sorbonne , 2006 . Bibliography. Onomastic Index . 477 pp. €29 . Ayuntamientos y liberalismo gaditano en México . Edited by Escamilla Juan Ortiz...

... of justice, and the reproduction of social hierarchy. 82 The primary responsibility of the repúblicas, according to the letter of the new law, would be the collection of taxes. All other official administrative tasks belonged to the ayuntamientos or juntas municipales. 83 In practice, the decree...

... or ayuntamiento ), made up a political community (pueblo or república) from which natural sovereignty and autonomy originated. Civil status, legal rights, and political power derived from citizenship ( vecindad ) in a municipality. 14 Civil law ( derecho civil ) covered “all that pertained to the city.” 15...

...Ralph Lee Woodward, Jr. In the provinces there were mixed reactions to the decision. While the majority of the ayuntamientos of the kingdom approved, there was notable opposition in El Salvador, which had traditionally led the attack against the hegemony of the capital, and it finally had...

... ayuntamientos constitucionales . The law determined that there would be one ayuntamiento in every settlement of 200 or more vecinos, who would choose municipal, provincial, and national representatives by indirect election. 32 Among Indigenous communities, these ayuntamientos came to replace the old...

.... Ayuntamiento de Méjico al comandante accidental de armas de la misma ciudad mariscal de campo D. Francisco Novella,” 2 de septiembre de 1821. AGN, Impresos oficiales, vol. 60, exp. 103. 46 “Disposición suprema para que se encierren en sus casas los que no deban tomar las armas, 29 de agosto de 1821...

... Tetela del Volcán, State of Morelos, Mexico, became a muncipio libre in 1935 with an ayuntamiento elected by town meeting. Today the ayuntamiento is externally chosen from a small local political elite. This movement away from a flourishing local political democracy to an externally dominated...

... the death of veteran maestro Mariano Cruz, whom they were unable to assist. In 1848 when the secretary of the company woefully appealed to the ayuntamiento to help meet its debt to the teachers, the council haughtily denied its responsibility. Throughout the period, the council struggled to regain its...

... continuity. Dorothy Tanck Estrada argues that Enlightenment ideas concerning progress and the perfectability of mankind led the Ayuntamiento of Mexico City to promote basic education for all children while it challenged the right of the privileged primary school teachers’ guild or gremio to examine...

... of land-renting peasants to the status of a constitutional township. Six hundred souls lived on the estate, and more than two thousand within its immediate vicinity; a thousand residents were enough to entitle any settlement to a town government ( ayuntamiento ) under Article 310 of the Cádiz Constitution...

.... 73 This had already been suggested by del Río, a regidor of Mexico City’s ayuntamiento, during that organization’s Aug. 1 meeting. However, the ayuntamiento refused to even discuss his proposal. AACM/AC, vol. 167-A, meetings of Aug. 1 and 5, 1845. 72 La Voz del Pueblo , Sept. 3, 1845...

... finds that merchants in Campeche were Spaniards, who held positions in the ayuntamiento, while in Mérida and Valladolid regidores were creoles. She finds no influential encomenderos or descendants of conquerors. Rather, elites were merchants, stockmen, and farmers. Similarly, in Guadalajara, María de la...

..., social, and economic history. Throughout the text, Konove demonstrates how integral the shadow economy was to the development of Mexican politics, economy, and society. For the ayuntamiento, the markets remained prized assets and profit generators. Their stalls created public gathering spaces to pass...

... promulgation of free trade was a serious reverse for the consulado, Bustos Rodríguez argues that important, albeit partial, compensation arrived when the crown eliminated a hidalgo birthright as a precondition for municipal offices, thus allowing gaditano merchants access to ayuntamiento membership. Bustos...