gary m. miller received his Ph. D. in history from the University of Florida in 1985, and is an Assistant Professor of History at College of St. Benedict, St. Joseph, Minnesota. Research in Spain for this article was made possible by a generous grant from the government of Spain through its Instituto de Cooperación Interamericana.

marshall c. eakin received his Ph. D. from the University of California, Los Angeles in 1981, and is Assistant Professor of History at Vanderbilt University. His research focuses on nineteenth- and twentieth-century Brazil, with a special interest in Minas Gerais. He is currently finishing a book manuscript tentatively titled, “British Enterprise in Brazil: The St. John d el Rey Mining Company, Limited, and Nova Lima, Minas Gerais, 1830-1960.”

joseph l. love is Professor of History at the University of Illinois, Urbana, Champaign. He received his Ph. D. from Columbia University in 1967, and is the author of Rio Grande do Sul and Brazilian Regionalism, 1882-1930 (1971) and São Paulo in the Brazilian Federation, 1889-1930 (1980). His current research interest is the history of economic ideas in Latin America. bert j. barickman is a Ph. D. candidate at the same university; he is presently in Brazil on an SSRC fellowship, conducting dissertation research on slavery in Bahia. 1785-1888.