..., and the English and other Europeans used various languages to communicate in trading relations with the East. In Southeast Asia (the “East Indies”), Malay was a significant early modern lingua franca. This study examines the circumstances under which the Dutch explorer Frederick de Houtman came to write...

... . Houtman Frederick de . 1605 . Spraeck ende woord-boeck, inde Maleysche ende Madagaskarsche talen met vele Arabische ende Turcsche woorden (Dialogues and Dictionary, in the Malay and Madagascar Languages with Many Arabic and Turkish Words) . Amsterdam : Cloppenburch . Hurles Matthew E...

... the Atlantic and the Indian Oceans in the early seventeenth cen- tury, making the general category of wilden a striking exception. For example, Frederick de Houtman in 1607 carefully explained the different groups visitors could find on the island of Amboina. To do so, he relied on local self...