... Brothers among Nations: The Pursuit of Intellectual Alliances in Early America, 1580–1660. Oxford: Oxford University Press. DOI 10.1215/00141801-2008-041 Book Reviews 199 White Enough to Be American? Race Mixing, Indigenous...

...Kevin Mulroy This is a story of two hidden identities. It focuses on the family history of Phil Wilkes Fixico (aka Philip Vincent Wilkes and Pompey Bruner Fixico), a contemporary Seminole maroon descendant of mixed race who lives in Los Angeles. Phil is one-eighth Seminole Indian, one-quarter...

... of Alaska Press . Brown Jennifer S.H. 1980 Strangers in Blood: Fur Trade Company Families in Indian Country . Vancouver : University of British Columbia Press . Easley Roxanne 2008 Demographic Borderlands: People of Mixed Heritage in the Russian American Company and the Hudson's...

... and attitudes to “ethnic mixing.” This will enable us to return to the title question and to reverse it, that is, to focus on the factors that led to the emergence of Creole status in Alaska. We will argue that changing colonial policies of the Russian state need to be taken into account in order to understand...

...Vincent O'Malley Nineteenth-century Maori society responded to colonization in creative, flexible, and dynamic ways. This is seen clearly in the way in which mechanisms of tribal self-government were reinvented, mixing indigenous with exotic influences to establish new and much stronger bodies...

... it helped further their interests in a society divided between two cultural spheres, Hispanic and indigenous. This article highlights the unique position of sixteenth-century mestizos and mulatos as bearers of indigenous culture and language in colonial Mexico. These individuals born of mixed unions were...

...Dale T. Graden Interpreters and translators played a central role in the transatlantic slave trade in the nineteenth century. Some helped traffickers. Others aided in the suppression of the slave trade. On land, Mixed Courts of Justice for the Suppression of the Transatlantic Slave Trade (1819–71...

... in New Zealand in 1839 and married a Maori woman of the South Island. Their six children came to be labeled “half-castes” in the language of the nineteenth-century New Zealand state. If half-caste had been a term in New England, it would have been applied to Elisha Apes, for he was indeed of mixed...

... and descriptions in the chronicle Recordación Florida . In the process of re-presentation, these remnants underwent alterations due to clerical errors, interpretive errors, and errors arising from a mixing or blending of texts. The manuscript of Recordación Florida contains images that were never published...

...Gregory D. Smithers Abstract Jack Forbes enjoyed a prolific and influential career as an ethnohistorian and educator. His groundbreaking analysis of the Southwest borderlands and interdisciplinary studies of mixed-race histories endures, and his championing of Native-centered pedagogies is now...

... population. Since then, there have been two groups of Miskitu: the “pure” indios and the racially mixed sambos. This article argues against this neat divide. Race during the colonial period was not fixed and could be influenced by a number of factors that included not only one’s ancestry but also...

... Theda Perdue tic ‘‘mixed blood ‘‘métis or ‘‘mestizo rather than ‘‘half-breed and to assure readers that ‘‘commonly understood, the difference between a full- blood and a mixed-blood was not biological or ancestral2 Nevertheless, the language of blood that many scholars employ is rooted in the era...

... Mixe, Chinantec, and three variants of Zapotec were spoken. As was true for the case of Guatemala, Nahuatl was used as a language of colonial administration in Villa Alta. The participation of Nahuatl-­speaking Central Mexican Indian conquistadors in the Spanish conquest of the Sierra Norte...

... World food products integrated into the lives and diets of European immigrants, Spaniards born in the Ameri- cas, blacks, and mixed-race peoples, new uses and meanings became asso- ciatedwiththem.4 This essay analyzes the cultural changes associated with chocolate, an indigenous food product...

...] The Metis in the Canadian West , Volume 1 . George Woodcock,trans. Edmonton: University of Alberta Press. Gorham, Harriet 1987 Families of Mixed Descent in the Western Great Lakes Region. In Native People, Native Lands:Canadian Indians, Inuit and Metis . Bruce Alden Cox, ed. Pp. 37 -55. Ottawa...

...,’ ‘breed,’ and ‘mixed-blood’ hint broadly at cultural and biological impotence” (1978: 46). For Peterson, “Métis” was weighted down by little of this previous invective and as such proved an apparently more neutral moniker. Regarding the second issue, these settlements...

..., the first scholar to explore the question of the “mixed-race” population in the South Island of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, found that marriage between whalers and Ngai Tahu women was encouraged by chiefs for economic purposes.13 These marriages, which fol- lowed Ngai...

...: A History of the Creek Indians which ends with the dissolution of the Nation. Although scholars increasingly have become aware of the false im- pression conveyed by the term ‘‘mixed-bloodblood determines the level of Indian acculturation—and have avoided its use, Warde deliberately em- ploys...

... that sometime after ‘‘the mixed-blood descendants of those on the Mississippi moved south and settled along the Gulf coast in the parishes of Lafourche and Terre- bonne. They have lost their language and most of their aboriginal customs but seem to be increasing in numbers Numerous anthropologists and his...

... of indigenous mapmaking. Francisco Hernández, the royal physician and naturalist who in the late sixteenth century spent seven years in New Spain cataloging native plants and their uses, identified two types of ink made by painters in the Mix- teca. “Tetlilli or black stone,” he said, “is a soil...