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Research design. This graph depicts the research design. We have two treatment groups and one comparison group: treatment group 1 (β1; only one spouse eligible), treatment group 2 (β2; both spouses are eligible), and comparison group (base group; no spouse is eligible). We have three periods: pretreatment period (1981 through September 1987, no compositional effect, transfer effect from the existence of marriage subsidy), treatment period (β3; October through December 1987, compositional effect from marginal marriages and transfer effect), and post-treatment period (β4; 1988 through 1993, no compositional effect, no transfer effect). The compositional effects for treatments 1 and 2 are given by β5 and β6, respectively. The transfer effects for treatments 1 and 2 are given by β7 and β8, respectively

Research design. This graph depicts the research design. We have two treatm...

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in Can Pro-Marriage Policies Work? An Analysis of Marginal Marriages > Demography
Published: 01 July 2014
Fig. 4 Research design. This graph depicts the research design. We have two treatment groups and one comparison group: treatment group 1 (β 1 ; only one spouse eligible), treatment group 2 (β 2 ; both spouses are eligible), and comparison group (base group; no spouse is eligible). We have three More
Journal Article

Research Note: New Evidence on the Motherhood Wage Penalty

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Wei-hsin Yu, Janet Chen-Lan Kuo
Demography (2024) 61 (2): 231–250.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-11218936
Published: 01 April 2024
...Wei-hsin Yu; Janet Chen-Lan Kuo Abstract U.S. women's age at first birth has increased substantially. Yet, little research has considered how this changing behavior may have affected the motherhood pay penalty, or the wage decrease with a child's arrival, experienced by the current generation...
FIGURES
View articletitled, <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note: New Evidence on the Motherhood Wage Penalty View PDF for article titled, <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note: New Evidence on the Motherhood Wage Penalty
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article

Reassessing Chronic Strain: A Research Note on Women's Income Dynamics After Divorce and Separation

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Thomas Leopold, Matthijs Kalmijn
Demography (2024) 61 (3): 597–613.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-11372303
Published: 01 June 2024
...Thomas Leopold; Matthijs Kalmijn Abstract The economic consequences of divorce and separation for women are commonly associated with the chronic strain model, according to which women's losses are large and persistent. This research note shifts the focus to a crisis model highlighting women's...
FIGURES
View articletitled, Reassessing Chronic Strain: A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note on Women&#x27;s Income Dynamics After Divorce and Separation View PDF for article titled, Reassessing Chronic Strain: A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note on Women&#x27;s Income Dynamics After Divorce and Separation
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article

National Population Growth Rate, Its Components, and Subnational Contributions: A Research Note

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Vladimir Canudas-Romo, Tianyu Shen, Collin F. Payne
Demography (2024) 61 (3): 615–626.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-11372369
Published: 01 June 2024
... changes in fertility, mortality, and migration. However, doing so requires more than 100 years of historical data, meaning that such analyses are possible only in a select few populations. In this research note, we propose an adapted version of the variable- r model to measure contributions...
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View articletitled, National Population Growth Rate, Its Components, and Subnational Contributions: A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note View PDF for article titled, National Population Growth Rate, Its Components, and Subnational Contributions: A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article

Decomposing the Drivers of Population Aging: A Research Note

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Tabitha Scott, Vladimir Canudas-Romo
Demography (2024) 61 (4): 1011–1021.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-11481955
Published: 01 August 2024
...Tabitha Scott; Vladimir Canudas-Romo Abstract Population aging is an important and increasingly relevant area of study for demographers. A growing body of research seeks to determine how long-term changes in births, mortality, and migration—the three drivers of any demographic process—have shaped...
FIGURES
View articletitled, Decomposing the Drivers of Population Aging: A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note View PDF for article titled, Decomposing the Drivers of Population Aging: A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article

Historical Patterns in the Intergenerational Transmission of Lifespan and Longevity: A Research Note on U.S. Cohorts Born Between 1700 and 1900

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Saverio Minardi, Giulia Corti, Nicola Barban
Demography (2024) 61 (4): 979–994.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-11458359
Published: 01 August 2024
...Saverio Minardi; Giulia Corti; Nicola Barban Abstract This research note examines historical trends in lifespan inequality and the intergenerational transmission of lifespan and longevity in the United States over the eighteenth, nineteenth, and twentieth centuries. We contribute to the literature...
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View articletitled, Historical Patterns in the Intergenerational Transmission of Lifespan and Longevity: A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note on U.S. Cohorts Born Between 1700 and 1900 View PDF for article titled, Historical Patterns in the Intergenerational Transmission of Lifespan and Longevity: A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note on U.S. Cohorts Born Between 1700 and 1900
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article

New Evidence From Census 2020 on the Residential Segregation of Same-Sex Households: A Research Note

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Amy Spring, Amin Ghaziani
Demography (2024) 61 (4): 995–1009.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-11482174
Published: 01 August 2024
... source of nationally representative data on same-sex households and is accessible over three time points (2000, 2010, 2020). In this research note, we use 2020 census data to examine the residential patterns of same-sex households down to the neighborhood level. By employing the index of dissimilarity...
View articletitled, New Evidence From Census 2020 on the Residential Segregation of Same-Sex Households: A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note View PDF for article titled, New Evidence From Census 2020 on the Residential Segregation of Same-Sex Households: A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note
Journal Article

A Data Portrait of Cisgender, Transgender, and Gender-Nonconforming Populations in the United States: A Research Note

Open Access
Lawrence Stacey
Demography (2024) 61 (5): 1267–1282.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-11569501
Published: 01 October 2024
... the sociodemographic, socioeconomic, family, and health lives of gender minorities. In this research note, I use population-level data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to provide a data portrait of cisgender, transgender, and gender-nonconforming...
View articletitled, A Data Portrait of Cisgender, Transgender, and Gender-Nonconforming Populations in the United States: A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note View PDF for article titled, A Data Portrait of Cisgender, Transgender, and Gender-Nonconforming Populations in the United States: A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article

Do Migrants Exhibit More Grit? A Research Note

Open Access
Michael J. White, Tyler W. Myroniuk, Carren Ginsburg, Chantel Pheiffer
Demography (2024) 61 (5): 1309–1323.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-11577556
Published: 01 October 2024
..., that migratory behavior is also likely to be selective on characteristics that are less readily observable. This research note expands the list by examining “grit”—in other words, a measure of perseverance in the face of adversity. We test for a relationship between South African rural–urban migration, net...
View articletitled, Do Migrants Exhibit More Grit? A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note View PDF for article titled, Do Migrants Exhibit More Grit? A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note
Journal Article

Revisiting the Occupational Health Impact of Right-to-Work Laws: A Research Note

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Emma Zang, Qinyou Hu, Zitong Wang
Demography (2024) 61 (5): 1283–1292.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-11556182
Published: 01 October 2024
...Emma Zang; Qinyou Hu; Zitong Wang Abstract This research note reevaluates the occupational health impact of right-to-work (RTW) legislation, incorporating recent developments in causal inference techniques. In an era marked by an uptick in the adoption of anti-union legislation and increases...
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View articletitled, Revisiting the Occupational Health Impact of Right-to-Work Laws: A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note View PDF for article titled, Revisiting the Occupational Health Impact of Right-to-Work Laws: A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article

Research Note: The Association Between Parity and Odds of Alzheimer's Disease and Dementias Status

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Yan Zhang, Jason M. Fletcher
Demography (2024) 61 (5): 1339–1350.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-11585876
Published: 01 October 2024
...Yan Zhang; Jason M. Fletcher Abstract While parity is a significant factor influencing parental health, its relationship with dementia remains underexplored. This research note advances the literature by conducting a well-powered analysis of associations between parity (i.e., number of children...
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View articletitled, <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note: The Association Between Parity and Odds of Alzheimer&#x27;s Disease and Dementias Status View PDF for article titled, <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note: The Association Between Parity and Odds of Alzheimer&#x27;s Disease and Dementias Status
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article

Eight Decades of Educational Assortative Mating: A Research Note

Open Access
Noah Hirschl, Christine R. Schwartz, Elia Boschetti
Demography (2024) 61 (5): 1293–1307.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-11558914
Published: 01 October 2024
.... In this research note, we examine changes in educational assortative mating in the United States over the last eight decades (1940 to 2020) using the U.S. decennial censuses and the American Community Survey, extending and expanding earlier work by Schwartz and Mare. We find that the rise in educational homogamy...
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View articletitled, Eight Decades of Educational Assortative Mating: A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note View PDF for article titled, Eight Decades of Educational Assortative Mating: A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article

Commentary on van Raalte et al.’s “The Dangers of Drawing Cohort Profiles From Period Data: A Research Note”

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Carl P. Schmertmann
Demography (2024) 61 (4): 967–971.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-11484875
Published: 01 August 2024
... and cohort size biases that the authors identify. With an appropriate algorithm, researchers can estimate cohort fertility indices from AP data quite well. References Human Fertility Database . ( 2023 ). Rostock, Germany : Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research ; Vienna, Austria: Vienna...
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View articletitled, Commentary on van Raalte et al.’s “The Dangers of Drawing Cohort Profiles From Period Data: A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note” View PDF for article titled, Commentary on van Raalte et al.’s “The Dangers of Drawing Cohort Profiles From Period Data: A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note”
Journal Article

A Research Note on Maternity Leave and Children's Outcomes: The Case of Parental Teachers

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Cuong Viet Nguyen
Demography (2024) 61 (6): 1699–1714.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-11687489
Published: 01 December 2024
...Cuong Viet Nguyen Abstract This research note examines the long-term effect of female teachers’ longer maternity leave on children's education and disability in Vietnam. Having a child a few months before or just after the summer vacation can increase paid leave for female teachers. Using variation...
FIGURES
View articletitled, A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note on Maternity Leave and Children&#x27;s Outcomes: The Case of Parental Teachers View PDF for article titled, A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note on Maternity Leave and Children&#x27;s Outcomes: The Case of Parental Teachers
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article

Research Note: New Estimates of Immigrants’ Self-employment From Linked Tax Records

Open Access
Christopher R. Tamborini, Andrés Villarreal
Demography (2025) 62 (1): 17–34.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-11773170
Published: 01 February 2025
...Christopher R. Tamborini; Andrés Villarreal Abstract Self-employment plays a crucial role in immigrants’ economic assimilation. Previous studies examining immigrants’ self-employment relied on estimates obtained from national surveys, which could contain measurement error. In this research note, we...
FIGURES
View articletitled, <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note: New Estimates of Immigrants’ Self-employment From Linked Tax Records View PDF for article titled, <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note: New Estimates of Immigrants’ Self-employment From Linked Tax Records
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article

Two Decades of Child Welfare System Contact in the Global North: A Research Note on Trends in 44 Countries

Open Access
Christopher Wildeman, Alexander F. Roehrkasse, Alexandra Gibbons, Sarah Sernaker, Liza Becker ...
Demography (2025) 62 (1): 1–15.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-11793609
Published: 01 February 2025
... in system contact are available for only a handful of countries, limiting knowledge about the societal correlates of system contact. As reported in this research note, we identified, collected, and harmonized administrative data on child welfare agency investigations, confirmed maltreatment, and placements...
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View articletitled, Two Decades of Child Welfare System Contact in the Global North: A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note on Trends in 44 Countries View PDF for article titled, Two Decades of Child Welfare System Contact in the Global North: A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note on Trends in 44 Countries
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article

Research Note: A Novel Sullivan Method Projection Framework With Application to Long COVID

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Cayley Ryan-Claytor, Ashton Verdery
Demography (2024) 61 (2): 267–281.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-11226858
Published: 01 April 2024
... in rare data-intensive cases, the method is subject to stringent stationarity assumptions, which often do not align with real-world conditions and restrict its resulting estimates and applications. In this research note, we present an expansion of the original method to apply within a population...
FIGURES
View articletitled, <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note: A Novel Sullivan Method Projection Framework With Application to Long COVID View PDF for article titled, <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note: A Novel Sullivan Method Projection Framework With Application to Long COVID
Journal Article

A Research Note on Community Resilience Estimates: New U.S. Census Bureau Data With an Application to Excess Deaths From COVID-19

Open Access
John Anders, Craig Wesley Carpenter, Katherine Ann Willyard, Bethany DeSalvo
Demography (2024) 61 (3): 627–642.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-11374710
Published: 01 June 2024
...John Anders; Craig Wesley Carpenter; Katherine Ann Willyard; Bethany DeSalvo Abstract In this research note, we describe the results of the first validation study of the U.S. Census Bureau's new Community Resilience Estimates (CRE), which uses Census microdata to develop a tract-level vulnerability...
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View articletitled, A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note on Community Resilience Estimates: New U.S. Census Bureau Data With an Application to Excess Deaths From COVID-19 View PDF for article titled, A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note on Community Resilience Estimates: New U.S. Census Bureau Data With an Application to Excess Deaths From COVID-19
Journal Article

Assessing Electronic Health Records for Describing Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities: A Research Note

Open Access
Aubrey Limburg, Jordan Young, Timothy S. Carey, Paul Roman Chelminski, Victoria M. Udalova ...
Demography (2024) 61 (5): 1325–1338.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-11582088
Published: 01 October 2024
... in this research note suggest that Black–White comparisons will benefit from standard adjustments (e.g., weighting procedures) but that misestimation of health disparities may arise for Hispanic patients because of differential coverage rates for this group. Corresponding author: [email protected]...
View articletitled, Assessing Electronic Health Records for Describing Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities: A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note View PDF for article titled, Assessing Electronic Health Records for Describing Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities: A <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> Note
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article

Toward a New Approach to Creating Population-Representative Data for Demographic Research

Open Access
Brady T. West, Mick P. Couper, William G. Axinn, James Wagner, Rebecca Gatward ...
Demography (2024) 61 (6): 1759–1791.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-11693878
Published: 01 December 2024
...Brady T. West; Mick P. Couper; William G. Axinn; James Wagner; Rebecca Gatward; Htay-Wah Saw; Shiyu Zhang Abstract The evaluation of innovative web-based data collection methods that are convenient for the general public and that yield high-quality scientific information for demographic researchers...
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View articletitled, Toward a New Approach to Creating Population-Representative Data for Demographic <span class="search-highlight">Research</span> View PDF for article titled, Toward a New Approach to Creating Population-Representative Data for Demographic <span class="search-highlight">Research</span>
Includes: Supplementary data