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Journal Article

Patterns of occupational mobility among Negro men

Otis Dudley Duncan
Demography (1968) 5 (1): 11–22.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03208557
Published: 01 March 1968
... reveal pronounced contrasts. The majority of Negro men, regardless of their social origins, found themselves in lower manual jobs (operatives, service workers, or laborers) in 1962. For them, it was only a slight advantage to have grown up in a family whose head was a higher white-collar (professional...
View articletitled, Patterns of occupational mobility among Negro men View PDF for article titled, Patterns of occupational mobility among Negro men
Journal Article

Job loss and health in the U.S. labor market

Kate W. Strully
Demography (2009) 46 (2): 221–246.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/dem.0.0050
Published: 01 May 2009
...Kate W. Strully Abstract While U.S. unemployment rates remain low, rates of job loss are high and rising. Job loss is also becoming increasingly common in more advantaged, white-collar occupations. This article is concerned with how these patterns impact the health of U.S. workers. Drawing...
View articletitled, Job loss and health in the U.S. labor market View PDF for article titled, Job loss and health in the U.S. labor market
Journal Article

The Life-Cycle Squeeze: The Interaction of men’s Occupational and Family Life Cycles

Valerie Kincade Oppenheimer
Demography (1974) 11 (2): 227–245.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2060561
Published: 01 May 1974
... occupations do average earnings peak at the same time family income needs are peaking. For most blue-collar and many medium- and low-level white collar occupations, median earnings are highest for younger men, and men at an age when family costs are at their maximum are earning somewhat less, on the average...
View articletitled, The Life-Cycle Squeeze: The Interaction of men’s Occupational and Family Life Cycles View PDF for article titled, The Life-Cycle Squeeze: The Interaction of men’s Occupational and Family Life Cycles
Journal Article

Place, race and differential occupational opportunities

Moshe Semyonov, Danny R. Hoyt, Richard I. Scott
Demography (1984) 21 (2): 259–270.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2061043
Published: 01 May 1984
... differentiation across 124 major American cities. Using log-linear procedures, blacks, relative to whites, are much more likely to be in unskilled and semiskilled manual occupations, while whites, relative to blacks, are far more likely to be in white-collar and upper-status positions. Moreover, blacks’ denial...
View articletitled, Place, race and differential occupational opportunities View PDF for article titled, Place, race and differential occupational opportunities
Journal Article

Intergenerational mobility in the post-1965 immigration era: Estimates by an immigrant generation cohort method

Julie Park, Dowell Myers
Demography (2010) 47 (2): 369–392.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/dem.0.0105
Published: 01 May 2010
... to children’s status attainment relative to parents and with regard to the rising societal standards proxied by native-born non-Hispanic whites. A profile of intergenerational mobility is prepared using multiple indicators of status attainment: high school and college completion, upper white-collar occupation...
View articletitled, Intergenerational mobility in the post-1965 immigration era: Estimates by an immigrant generation cohort method View PDF for article titled, Intergenerational mobility in the post-1965 immigration era: Estimates by an immigrant generation cohort method
Journal Article

Understanding the twentieth-century decline in chronic conditions among older men

Dora L. Costa
Demography (2000) 37 (1): 53–72.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2648096
Published: 01 February 2000
...Dora L. Costa Abstract I argue that the shift from manual to white-collar jobs and reduced exposure to infectious disease were important determinants of declines in chronic disease rates among older men from the early 1900s to the 1970s and 1980s. The average decline in chronic respiratory problems...
View articletitled, Understanding the twentieth-century decline in chronic conditions among older men View PDF for article titled, Understanding the twentieth-century decline in chronic conditions among older men
Journal Article

Effects of U. S. immigration law on manpower characteristics of immigrants

Charles B. Keely
Demography (1975) 12 (2): 179–191.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2060759
Published: 01 May 1975
... of immigrants with a stated occupation increased, and the occupational composition of total immigration and of immigration by continent of origin changed. Europe and the Americas generally switched to lower-skilled levels, and Asia, Africa and Oceania, to white-collar, especially professional, levels...
View articletitled, Effects of U. S. immigration law on manpower characteristics of immigrants View PDF for article titled, Effects of U. S. immigration law on manpower characteristics of immigrants
Image
Fig. 1 Hazard ratios of death for females at ages 1–85 by level of disease exposure and SES at birth. The dashed line in graph a denotes the hazard ratio of death between high and low/medium disease exposure. The colored solid lines in graphs b–f display the hazard ratio of death for each SES group relative to the reference group of white-collar workers. The solid black line in each graph denotes the reference group (low/medium disease exposure in graph a and white-collar workers in graphs b–f). The shaded area denotes the 95% confidence interval. Sources: Authors’ estimations from the Scanian Economic Demographic Database: Version 7.2 (Bengtsson et al. 2021) and the Swedish Death Index (SDI 2019).

Hazard ratios of death for females at ages 1–85 by level of disease exposur...

in Early-Life Disease Exposure and Its Heterogeneous Effects on Mortality Throughout Life: Sweden, 1905–2016 > Demography
Published: 01 August 2024
group relative to the reference group of white-collar workers. The solid black line in each graph denotes the reference group (low/medium disease exposure in graph a and white-collar workers in graphs b–f). The shaded area denotes the 95% confidence interval. Sources: Authors’ estimations from More
Image
Fig. 2 Hazard ratios of death for males at ages 1–85 by level of disease exposure and SES at birth. The dashed line in graph a denotes the hazard ratio of death between high and low/medium disease exposure. The colored solid lines in graphs b–f display the hazard ratio of death for each SES group relative to the reference group of white-collar workers. The solid black line in each graph denotes the reference group (low/medium disease exposure in graph a and white-collar workers in graphs b–f). The shaded area denotes the 95% confidence interval. Sources: Authors’ estimations from the Scanian Economic Demographic Database: Version 7.2 (Bengtsson et al. 2021) and the Swedish Death Index (SDI 2019).

Hazard ratios of death for males at ages 1–85 by level of disease exposure ...

in Early-Life Disease Exposure and Its Heterogeneous Effects on Mortality Throughout Life: Sweden, 1905–2016 > Demography
Published: 01 August 2024
relative to the reference group of white-collar workers. The solid black line in each graph denotes the reference group (low/medium disease exposure in graph a and white-collar workers in graphs b–f). The shaded area denotes the 95% confidence interval. Sources: Authors’ estimations from the Scanian More
Journal Article

Job characteristics of spouses and their work shifts

Harriet B. Presser
Demography (1984) 21 (4): 575–589.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2060916
Published: 01 November 1984
... with children, who are virtually all on day schedules. Occupation. Occupation will be broadly dichoto- mized for both men and women as white- collar or non-white-collar. Substantive- ly, this is justifiable in that this distinction corresponds to a basic class division in our society, at least among men (Blau...
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Journal Article

Occupational mobility as a probability process

Robert W. Hodge
Demography (1966) 3 (1): 19–34.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2060061
Published: 01 March 1966
... AND EXPECTED ASSOCIATION OF SON'S AND GRANDFATHER'S OCCUPATIONS, CA. 1947& Grandfather's Son's Current Occupation b Occupationb I II I III IV V Total Actual Total, All Occupations .2692 .1399 .3019 .1107 .1783 1. 0000 I. Upper white-collar .4400 .2067 .1867 .0667 .1000 1. 0001 II. Lower white-collar .3600...
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Journal Article

When Did the Health Gradient Emerge? Social Class and Adult Mortality in Southern Sweden, 1813–2015

Tommy Bengtsson, Martin Dribe, Jonas Helgertz
Demography (2020) 57 (3): 953–977.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-020-00877-5
Published: 05 May 2020
... 1990–2015 Men   Higher white-collar 0.979 1.011 1.157 1.080 0.935 0.759**   Lower white-collar 1.323 0.987 1.050 0.953 1.048 0.827**   Medium-skilled 1.184 0.812 1.022 0.902 † 1.077 0.919 †   Lower-skilled 1 1 1 1 1 1   Unskilled 1.684** 1.040...
View articletitled, When Did the Health Gradient Emerge? Social Class and Adult Mortality in Southern Sweden, 1813–2015 View PDF for article titled, When Did the Health Gradient Emerge? Social Class and Adult Mortality in Southern Sweden, 1813–2015
Journal Article

Early-Life Disease Exposure and Its Heterogeneous Effects on Mortality Throughout Life: Sweden, 1905–2016

Louise Cormack, Volha Lazuka, Luciana Quaranta
Demography (2024) 61 (4): 1187–1210.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-11466677
Published: 01 August 2024
... group relative to the reference group of white-collar workers. The solid black line in each graph denotes the reference group (low/medium disease exposure in graph a and white-collar workers in graphs b–f). The shaded area denotes the 95% confidence interval. Sources: Authors’ estimations from...
FIGURES | View All (4)
View articletitled, Early-Life Disease Exposure and Its Heterogeneous Effects on Mortality Throughout Life: Sweden, 1905–2016 View PDF for article titled, Early-Life Disease Exposure and Its Heterogeneous Effects on Mortality Throughout Life: Sweden, 1905–2016
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article

City–suburban destination choices among migrants to metropolitan areas

Alan Kirschenbaum
Demography (1972) 9 (2): 321–335.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2060643
Published: 01 May 1972
... to minimize the distance between work and residence, the emergence of blue- as well as white-collar suburbs provides such an opportunity (Berger, 1960), par- ticularly in larger metropolitan areas where decentralization of jobs and popu- lation has already occurred. This may not be the case for smaller...
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Journal Article

Social Mobility Across the Pacific: An Analysis of Japanese Americans in the Continental United States

Tate Kihara
Demography (2024) 61 (3): 849–878.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-11370115
Published: 01 June 2024
... advantage was small and observed only at the top of the distribution, among less than 10% of second-generation children whose grandparents had a white-collar background (as opposed to a poorer farmer background) in Ireland. Further, after first-generation fathers’ U.S. occupation was added as a predictor...
FIGURES
View articletitled, Social Mobility Across the Pacific: An Analysis of Japanese Americans in the Continental United States View PDF for article titled, Social Mobility Across the Pacific: An Analysis of Japanese Americans in the Continental United States
Includes: Supplementary data
Image
Fig. 1 Intergenerational mobility by immigrant parents' U.S. and origin country occupation. High- and low-skilled refer to premigration occupational status. Occupational rank is based on the 4-point scale, where 1 = labor/service, 2 =  trade/craft, 3 = lower white-collar, and 4 =  professional/managerial. Source: National Center for Education Statistics (Ingels et al. 2014).

Intergenerational mobility by immigrant parents' U.S. and origin country oc...

in U.S. Occupational Mobility of Children of Immigrants Based on Parents' Origin-Country Occupation > Demography
Published: 01 February 2021
Fig. 1 Intergenerational mobility by immigrant parents' U.S. and origin country occupation. High- and low-skilled refer to premigration occupational status. Occupational rank is based on the 4-point scale, where 1 = labor/service, 2 =  trade/craft, 3 = lower white-collar, and 4 =  professional More
Image
Fig. 1 Intergenerational mobility by immigrant parents' U.S. and origin country occupation. High- and low-skilled refer to premigration occupational status. Occupational rank is based on the 4-point scale, where 1 = labor/service, 2 =  trade/craft, 3 = lower white-collar, and 4 =  professional/managerial. Source: National Center for Education Statistics (Ingels et al. 2014).

Intergenerational mobility by immigrant parents' U.S. and origin country oc...

in U.S. Occupational Mobility of Children of Immigrants Based on Parents' Origin-Country Occupation > Demography
Published: 01 February 2021
Fig. 1 Intergenerational mobility by immigrant parents' U.S. and origin country occupation. High- and low-skilled refer to premigration occupational status. Occupational rank is based on the 4-point scale, where 1 = labor/service, 2 =  trade/craft, 3 = lower white-collar, and 4 =  professional More
Journal Article

Marriage Patterns and Cumulative Fertility in West Malaysia: 1966–1967

James A. Palmore, Ariffin bin Marzuki
Demography (1969) 6 (4): 383–401.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2060084
Published: 01 November 1969
... Husband's Occupation Farm owner, farmer. Rubber/toddy tapper Blue-collar worker. White-collar worker WOMEN 25-34 YEARS OLD All women Current Residence Rural areas Small towns Metropolitan areas. Race Malay Indian or Pakistani Chinese Wife's Education None. 1-5 years 6 years or more...
View articletitled, Marriage Patterns and Cumulative Fertility in West Malaysia: 1966–1967 View PDF for article titled, Marriage Patterns and Cumulative Fertility in West Malaysia: 1966–1967
Image
Fig. 3 Hazard ratios of death for females at ages 1–85 by level of disease exposure for each SES group relative to the reference group of white-collar workers with low/medium disease exposure. The solid black line denotes the reference group in all graphs (white-collar workers with low/medium disease exposure). The colored dashed lines denote the hazard ratio of death for high disease exposure by SES at birth relative to the reference group. The colored solid lines denote hazard ratios of death from low/medium disease exposure for each SES at birth relative to the reference group. The model includes fixed effects for birth parish and birth period. The darker shaded area denotes the 95% confidence interval of the low/medium disease exposure. The lighter shaded area denotes the 95% confidence interval of the high disease exposure. Note that confidence intervals above 3.5 have been truncated (high disease exposure and unknown SES). Sources: Authors’ estimations from the Scanian Economic Demographic Database: Version 7.2 (Bengtsson et al. 2021) and the Swedish Death Index (SDI 2019).

Hazard ratios of death for females at ages 1–85 by level of disease exposur...

in Early-Life Disease Exposure and Its Heterogeneous Effects on Mortality Throughout Life: Sweden, 1905–2016 > Demography
Published: 01 August 2024
Fig. 3 Hazard ratios of death for females at ages 1–85 by level of disease exposure for each SES group relative to the reference group of white-collar workers with low/medium disease exposure. The solid black line denotes the reference group in all graphs (white-collar workers with low/medium More
Image
Fig. 4 Hazard ratios of death for males at ages 1–85 by level of disease exposure for each SES group relative to the reference group of white-collar workers with low/medium disease exposure. The solid black line denotes the reference group in all graphs (white-collar workers with low/medium disease exposure). The colored dashed lines denote the hazard ratio of death for high disease exposure by SES at birth relative to the reference group. The colored solid lines denote hazard ratios of death from low/medium disease exposure for each SES at birth relative to the reference group. The model includes fixed effects for birth parish and birth period. The darker shaded area denotes the 95% confidence interval of the low/medium disease exposure. The lighter shaded area denotes the 95% confidence interval of the high disease exposure. Note that confidence intervals above 3.5 have been truncated (high disease exposure and born to farmers and fishermen). Sources: Authors’ estimations from the Scanian Economic Demographic Database: Version 7.2 (Bengtsson et al. 2021) and the Swedish Death Index (SDI 2019).

Hazard ratios of death for males at ages 1–85 by level of disease exposure ...

in Early-Life Disease Exposure and Its Heterogeneous Effects on Mortality Throughout Life: Sweden, 1905–2016 > Demography
Published: 01 August 2024
Fig. 4 Hazard ratios of death for males at ages 1–85 by level of disease exposure for each SES group relative to the reference group of white-collar workers with low/medium disease exposure. The solid black line denotes the reference group in all graphs (white-collar workers with low/medium More