Search Results for Unit Root

... rates, contrary to the theory. 13 1 2011 © Population Association of America 2009 2009 White Woman Unit Root Black Woman Unmarried Woman Nonmarital Birth References Bumpass L. , & Lu H-H. ( 2000 ). Trends in Cohabitation and Implications for Children’s...

... Population Association of America 2009 2009 Unit Root Selection Effect Total Birth Rate Unmarried Woman Nonmarital Birth References Engle R.F. , & Granger C.W.J. ( 1987 ). Co-Integration and Error Correction: Representation, Estimation, and Testing . Econometrica , 55...

...Bernard Lazerwitz Abstract High, middle, and low estimates for a rare population group, the Jewish population of the United States, are presented together with their root mean square errors. These estimates are based upon a national sample whose essential survey design features are outlined...

... hypothesis of stationarity against the alternative of a unit root: How sure are we that economic time series have a unit root? . Journal of Econometrics , 54 , 159 – 178 . 10.1016/0304-4076(92)90104-Y Lee , R. D. , & Carter , L. R. ( 1992 ). Modeling and forecasting U.S. mortality...

... for a major European economy reaching back to 1730. Whereas English vital rates and real wages display unit roots (Bailey and Chambers 1993 :350–351), we find that the death rate was either stationary or trend-stationary, depending on the period considered. This finding implies that the identification...

... variables, the lagged stock of technology and this period’s growth rate: (4) where g t measures technological growth. The rate of technological progress is modeled as a random walk since this unit root process captures the transition from Malthusian stagnation (where g t has no trend...

..., August 2003 Because the data on apprehensions displayed high first-order autocorrelation, we es- timated the regressions in first differences, a method that is robust to the presence of a unit root in the disturbance term.12 Moreover, given the monthly frequency of the data, it is straightforward...

...). Results of panel unit root and cointegration tests, which are reported in the online appendix, suggest that the variables are nonstationary and cointegrated. When variables are cointegrated, the conventional fixed-effects (FE) estimator suffers from a second-order asymptotic bias arising from serial...

... population’s schedule of fertility, mortality, and migration and its stable growth properties. 8 2 2011 © Population Association of America 1974 1974 Real Root Internal Migration Stable Population Fertility Schedule Theoretical Population Biology References Keyfitz Nathan...

... of about! per cent per annum, and therefore about six or seven per cent per 15 years, which is the unit of time in our 3 X 3 matrix formulation. We use New- ton's method of approximating to the root A from a trial value a, starting with the mean value theorem = O. = O.o-~ o .97203-~ .98610 (.32167 -.98610...

... conditions in the United States in 1964 (with w = 5 years), we find that X = 1.082 and r = 0.0157. Before closing this section, we note that equations (18) and (19) lead to !(x,tx,t - 1) = X, trinsic Rate of Natural Increase and the Domi- nant Root of the Projection Matrix," Popula- tion Studies, XVIII (1965...

... with closed populations. 13 1 2011 © Population Association of America 1968 1968 Matrix Operator Stable Population Closed Population Latent Growth Rate Dominant Root References 1 Rogers , Andrei ( 1966 ). The Multiregional Matrix Growth Operator and the Stable...

... be taken for (b - d) is the intrinsic rate of natural increase. The equation is applicable equally to males and females; United States 1962 intrinsic rates are shown in Table 1. When these values are inserted in equa- tion (2) we have for 1962 M(t) = M(O)e·Ol98lt , where the function L of the numbers...

... of dying within the first year of life, using empirical formulae validated from other populations ( Alexander and Root 2022 ; Andreev and Kingkade 2015 ; Coale and Demeny 1966 ; Keyfitz 1970 ); (2) approximated to other observed values, such as the separation factor of infant deaths in the case...

... Trends in Fertil- ity in Industrialized Countries. New York: United Nations, References Brauer A. ( 1961 ). On the characteristic roots of power-positive matrices . Duke Mathematical Journal , 28 , 291 – 296 . 10.1215/S0012-7094-61-02840-X Coale Ansley J. ( 1965 ). Birth...

... parlance) of the birth trajectory of the population. Using data for the United States from the twentieth century, it is shown that variations in the number of births are consistent with the model discussed. 7 1 2011 © Population Association of America 1983 1983 Vital Rate Limit Cycle...

... have examined the effect of violence on migration and have generally found a strong connection between the two, though debate remains about whether the effect is direct or indirect. In his analysis of emigration from El Salvador to the United States, Jones ( 1989 ) concluded that the effect...

... at marriage (column 1). The coefficient in column 1 is large and positive, showing that a one-unit increase in the log of the Catholic Index of children's names is associated with a 0.245 increase in net fertility. 4 This sizable significant coefficient unambiguously implies that Catholic naming is highly...

... on fertility and mortality conditions in the United States in 1964. 24 1 2011 © Population Association of America 1967 1967 Population Growth Discrete Model Stable Population Intrinsic Rate Natural Increase References 1 Karmel , P. H. ( 1948 ). An Analysis of the Sources...

... solution that does not depend on the nature of matrix . Here we require only rates that are demographically realistic (i.e., nonnegative real numbers). Our treatment usually assumes that has no multiple roots, but that is a manageable complica- tion (cf. Impagliazzo 1985; Noble and Daniel 1988) and does...