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Journal Article

Spatiotemporal Changes in the Slavery–Inequality Relationship: The Diffusion of the Legacy of Slavery

Open Access
Heather A. O'Connell, Katherine J. Curtis, Alex Mikulas, Jack DeWaard, Junho Lee
Demography (2024) 61 (3): 711–735.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-11369749
Published: 01 June 2024
...Heather A. O'Connell; Katherine J. Curtis; Alex Mikulas; Jack DeWaard; Junho Lee Abstract Despite the persistence of relationships between historical racist violence and contemporary Black–White inequality, research indicates, in broad strokes, that the slavery–inequality relationship in the United...
FIGURES | View All (8)
View articletitled, Spatiotemporal Changes in the <span class="search-highlight">Slavery</span>–Inequality Relationship: The Diffusion of the Legacy of <span class="search-highlight">Slavery</span> View PDF for article titled, Spatiotemporal Changes in the <span class="search-highlight">Slavery</span>–Inequality Relationship: The Diffusion of the Legacy of <span class="search-highlight">Slavery</span>
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article

Destroyed by Slavery? Slavery and African American Family Formation Following Emancipation

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Melinda C. Miller
Demography (2018) 55 (5): 1587–1609.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-018-0711-6
Published: 14 September 2018
...Melinda C. Miller Abstract This study introduces a new sample that links people and families across 1860, 1880, and 1900 census data to explore the intergenerational impact of slavery on black families in the United States. Slaveholding —the number of slaves owned by a single farmer or planter...
FIGURES
View articletitled, Destroyed by <span class="search-highlight">Slavery</span>? <span class="search-highlight">Slavery</span> and African American Family Formation Following Emancipation View PDF for article titled, Destroyed by <span class="search-highlight">Slavery</span>? <span class="search-highlight">Slavery</span> and African American Family Formation Following Emancipation
Includes: Supplementary data
Image
Fig. 7 Spatial patterning of three types of changes in the slavery–inequality relationship, U.S. South

Spatial patterning of three types of changes in the slavery–inequality rela...

Open Access
in Spatiotemporal Changes in the Slavery–Inequality Relationship: The Diffusion of the Legacy of Slavery > Demography
Published: 01 June 2024
Fig. 7 Spatial patterning of three types of changes in the slavery–inequality relationship, U.S. South More
Journal Article

Places of Persistence: Slavery and the Geography of Intergenerational Mobility in the United States

Open Access
Thor Berger
Demography (2018) 55 (4): 1547–1565.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-018-0693-4
Published: 03 July 2018
...Thor Berger Abstract Intergenerational mobility has remained stable over recent decades in the United States but varies sharply across the country. In this article, I document that areas with more prevalent slavery by the outbreak of the Civil War exhibit substantially less upward mobility today. I...
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View articletitled, Places of Persistence: <span class="search-highlight">Slavery</span> and the Geography of Intergenerational Mobility in the United States View PDF for article titled, Places of Persistence: <span class="search-highlight">Slavery</span> and the Geography of Intergenerational Mobility in the United States
Image
Slavery and mobility in the United States. These figures show binned scatterplots of the CZ–level relationship between the percentage of the population enumerated as slaves in the 1860 census and four alternative mobility measures for children born in the early 1980s: (1) the expected income percentile at age 30 for children born to parents at the 25th percentile of the national income distribution (panel a); (2) the probability that a child born to parents in the bottom income quintile ends up in the top quintile in adulthood (panel b); (3) the rank-rank slope of child and parent income ranks (panel c); and (4) the causal place effect of each CZ on adult income for children born to parents at the 25th income percentile (panel d). To construct each figure, all 499 CZs in the main sample are collapsed into 20 bins based on the share of the population enumerated as slaves, and for each bin the mean of each respective mobility measure is depicted. The first bin contains all CZs with no slaves recorded in the 1860 census, and each subsequent bin contains approximately 15 CZs. Also shown are fitted OLS regressions based on the underlying (ungrouped) CZ–level data

Slavery and mobility in the United States. These figures show binned scatte...

Open Access
in Places of Persistence: Slavery and the Geography of Intergenerational Mobility in the United States > Demography
Published: 03 July 2018
Fig. 1 Slavery and mobility in the United States. These figures show binned scatterplots of the CZ–level relationship between the percentage of the population enumerated as slaves in the 1860 census and four alternative mobility measures for children born in the early 1980s: (1) the expected More
Image
Geography of mobility and slavery in the United States. These maps show differences in absolute upward mobility across CZs measured as the mean income rank at age 30 for children born in the early 1980s (1980–1982) to parents at the 25th percentile of the national income distribution (panel a) and the county-level share of the population that were enumerated as slaves in the 1860 census (panel b). Each map divides the corresponding variable into ventiles, with darker shades denoting higher levels of upward mobility (mobility estimates are unavailable for hatched CZs) and a higher share of slaves, respectively. County (CZ) boundaries are based on maps from IPUMS NHGIS (Manson et al. 2017)

Geography of mobility and slavery in the United States. These maps show dif...

Open Access
in Places of Persistence: Slavery and the Geography of Intergenerational Mobility in the United States > Demography
Published: 03 July 2018
Fig. 2 Geography of mobility and slavery in the United States. These maps show differences in absolute upward mobility across CZs measured as the mean income rank at age 30 for children born in the early 1980s (1980–1982) to parents at the 25th percentile of the national income distribution More
Image
Fig. 6 Time-varying INLA estimates of the magnitude and significance of the slavery–inequality relationship, U.S. South

Time-varying INLA estimates of the magnitude and significance of the slaver...

Open Access
in Spatiotemporal Changes in the Slavery–Inequality Relationship: The Diffusion of the Legacy of Slavery > Demography
Published: 01 June 2024
Fig. 6 Time-varying INLA estimates of the magnitude and significance of the slavery–inequality relationship, U.S. South More
Image
Fig. 8 “Never,” “declining,” and “delayed” states: Empirical examples of spatial variation in changes to the slavery–inequality relationship

“Never,” “declining,” and “delayed” states: Empirical examples of spatial v...

Open Access
in Spatiotemporal Changes in the Slavery–Inequality Relationship: The Diffusion of the Legacy of Slavery > Demography
Published: 01 June 2024
Fig. 8 “Never,” “declining,” and “delayed” states: Empirical examples of spatial variation in changes to the slavery–inequality relationship More
Journal Article

Urbanization and de-urbanization of the black population before the civil war

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Jane Riblett Wilkie
Demography (1976) 13 (3): 311–328.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2060530
Published: 01 August 1976
... in the Old South. (Reprint.) . New York : Frederick Ungar . Bonacich , E. ( 1972 ). A Theory of Ethnic Antagonism: the Split Labor Market . American Sociological Review , 37 , 547 – 559 . 10.2307/2093450 Bonacich , E. ( 1975 ). Abolition, the Extension of Slavery...
View articletitled, Urbanization and de-urbanization of the black population before the civil war View PDF for article titled, Urbanization and de-urbanization of the black population before the civil war
Journal Article

The demographic rates and social institutions of the nineteenth-century negro population: a stable population analysis

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Reynolds Farley
Demography (1965) 2 (1): 386–398.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2060126
Published: 01 March 1965
... ). New York : McGraw-Hill . 4 Negro Population, 1790–1915 (pp. 231 – 231 ). ( 1918 ). Washington : Government Printing Office . 6 J. D. B. DeBow, Statistical View of the United States (Washington, 1856), p. 11. 6 Phillips , Ulrich B. ( 1940 ). American Negro Slavery (pp. 150...
View articletitled, The demographic rates and social institutions of the nineteenth-century negro population: a stable population analysis View PDF for article titled, The demographic rates and social institutions of the nineteenth-century negro population: a stable population analysis
Journal Article

Tenancy and African American Marriage in the Postbellum South

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Deirdre Bloome, Christopher Muller
Demography (2015) 52 (5): 1409–1430.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-015-0414-1
Published: 30 July 2015
... shortages. In their efforts to rebuild the agricultural economy on a foundation of formally free labor, planters experimented simultaneously with several labor systems: gang labor, squad labor, and family labor, all paid in wages. Gangs and squads were direct relics of slavery. As they had before...
FIGURES
View articletitled, Tenancy and African American Marriage in the Postbellum South View PDF for article titled, Tenancy and African American Marriage in the Postbellum South
Journal Article

African-American marriage in 1910: Beneath the surface of census data

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Samuel H. Preston, Suet Lim, S. Philip Morgan
Demography (1992) 29 (1): 1–15.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2061359
Published: 01 February 1992
... of Interdisciplinary History , 6 , 211 – 33 . 10.2307/202232 Glover , James ( 1921 ). United States Life Tables: 1890.1901.1910. and 1901-1910 . Washington, DC : U.S. Bureau of the Census . Gutman , Herbert G. ( 1976 ). The Black Family in Slavery and Freedom, 1750-1925 . New York...
View articletitled, African-American marriage in 1910: Beneath the surface of census data View PDF for article titled, African-American marriage in 1910: Beneath the surface of census data
Journal Article

The influence of remarriage on the racial difference in motheronly families in 1910

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Andrew S. London, Cheryl Elman
Demography (2001) 38 (2): 283–297.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/dem.2001.0017
Published: 01 May 2001
... (pp. 22 – 84 ). Princeton : Princeton University Press . Elkins , S. ( 1963 ). Slavery: A Problem in American Intellectual and Institutional Life . New York : University Library . Elman, C. and A.S. London. Forthcoming. “Sociohistorical and Demographic Perspectives on U.S...
View articletitled, The influence of remarriage on the racial difference in motheronly families in 1910 View PDF for article titled, The influence of remarriage on the racial difference in motheronly families in 1910
Journal Article

Extreme mortality in nineteenth-century Africa: the case of Liberian immigrants

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Antonio Mc Daniel
Demography (1992) 29 (4): 581–594.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2061853
Published: 01 November 1992
... . Coale Ansley J. , &amp; Demeny Paul ( 1983 ). Regional Model Life Tables and Stable Populations . 2nd ed New York : Academic Press . Conrad Alfred H. , &amp; Meyer John R. ( 1958 ). The Economics of Slavery in the Ante-Bellum South . Journal of Political Economy , 66 ( 2...
View articletitled, Extreme mortality in nineteenth-century Africa: the case of Liberian immigrants View PDF for article titled, Extreme mortality in nineteenth-century Africa: the case of Liberian immigrants
Journal Article

New Estimates of the Vital Rates of the United States Black Population During the Nineteenth Century

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Jack Ericson Eblen
Demography (1974) 11 (2): 301–319.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2060565
Published: 01 May 1974
... of Annual White Births from 1855 to 1960 and of the Completeness of Enumeration in the Censuses from 1880 to 1960 . Princeton : Princeton University Press . Conrad Alfred H. , &amp; Meyer John R. ( 1958 ). The Economics of Slavery in the ante bellum South . Journal of Political Economy...
View articletitled, New Estimates of the Vital Rates of the United States Black Population During the Nineteenth Century View PDF for article titled, New Estimates of the Vital Rates of the United States Black Population During the Nineteenth Century
Journal Article

Tenancy, Marriage, and the Boll Weevil Infestation, 1892–1930

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Deirdre Bloome, James Feigenbaum, Christopher Muller
Demography (2017) 54 (3): 1029–1049.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-017-0581-3
Published: 02 May 2017
... . 10.1162/JINH_a_00831 . Federal Writers’ Project . ( 1941a ). Slave narratives: A folk history of slavery in the United States from interviews with former slaves, Volume IV, Georgia narratives, Part 4 . Washington, DC : Library of Congress . Federal Writers’ Project . ( 1941b ). Slave...
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View articletitled, Tenancy, Marriage, and the Boll Weevil Infestation, 1892–1930 View PDF for article titled, Tenancy, Marriage, and the Boll Weevil Infestation, 1892–1930
Journal Article

Does race matter? Children’s height in Brazil and South Africa

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Sarah Burgard
Demography (2002) 39 (4): 763–790.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/dem.2002.0034
Published: 01 November 2002
....), The Health Transition: Methods and Measures (pp. 85 – 101 ). Canberra : Australian National University Press . Degler C.N. ( 1971 ). Neither Black nor White: Slavery and Race Relations in Brazil and the United States . Madison : University of Wisconsin Press . Filmer D...
View articletitled, Does race matter? Children’s height in Brazil and South Africa View PDF for article titled, Does race matter? Children’s height in Brazil and South Africa
Journal Article

Does it matter who answers the race question? Racial classification and income inequality in Brazil

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Edward E. Telles, Nelson Lim
Demography (1998) 35 (4): 465–474.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3004014
Published: 01 November 1998
... . Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage Publications . Davis , F.J. ( 1991 ). Who is Black? One Nation's Definition . University Park, PA : Pennsylvania State University Press . Degler , C.N. ( 1986 ). Neither Black nor White: Slavery and Race Relations in Brazil and the United States . Madison...
View articletitled, Does it matter who answers the race question? Racial classification and income inequality in Brazil View PDF for article titled, Does it matter who answers the race question? Racial classification and income inequality in Brazil
Journal Article

Skin Tone and the Health Returns to Higher Status

Open Access
Reed T. DeAngelis, Taylor W. Hargrove, Robert A. Hummer
Demography (2022) 59 (5): 1791–1819.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-10191675
Published: 01 October 2022
... States, or the systematic preferential treatment of persons with White (European) phenotypes. What began centuries ago as an ideological legitimation of chattel slavery, colorism has persisted into the modern era, allowing lighter-skin Black Americans to integrate into mainstream society and achieve...
FIGURES
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Journal Article

The Migration of Lynch Victims' Families, 1880–1930

Open Access
Ryan Gabriel, Adrian Haws, Amy Kate Bailey, Joseph Price
Demography (2023) 60 (4): 1235–1256.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-10881293
Published: 01 August 2023
... ). The half has never been told: Slavery and the making of American capitalism . New York, NY : Basic Books . Barter S. J. ( 2012 ). Unarmed forces: Civilian strategy in violent conflicts . Peace &amp; Change , 37 , 544 – 571 . Beck E. M. ( 2015 ). Judge Lynch denied: Combating mob...
View articletitled, The Migration of Lynch Victims' Families, 1880–1930 View PDF for article titled, The Migration of Lynch Victims' Families, 1880–1930
Includes: Supplementary data