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Significant Direct Effect
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Journal Article
Demography (2017) 54 (5): 1653–1676.
Published: 28 July 2017
... of neighborhood effects, these effects may also be transmitted through several other potentially powerful pathways. Thus, theory and prior research additionally suggest a significant direct effect of neighborhood context on academic achievement that does not operate through differential exposures to school...
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Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article
Demography (2013) 50 (2): 615–635.
Published: 17 October 2012
... between normal and compromised births. By including an exogenous covariate, covariate density defined mixture of logistic regressions (CDDmlr) can estimate the significance of indirect as well as direct effects separately for normal and compromised births. Fig. 1 Graphical illustration...
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Journal Article
Demography (1980) 17 (3): 225–242.
Published: 01 August 1980
... that the number of children in the family has no direct effect on marital satisfaction but has a direct negative effect on parental satisfaction. Childspacing, as measured by the length of the average birth interval, is found to have no significant effect on either marital or parental satisfaction. Premarital...
Journal Article
Demography (2016) 53 (5): 1453–1476.
Published: 13 September 2016
... flows. Traditional flows are drying up, and new migration corridors are rising, with implications on the composition of the Mexican population in the United States. Although the effect of income on flows in both directions is unchanged by the crisis, the negative effect of violence on out-migration...
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Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article
Demography (1986) 23 (1): 1–12.
Published: 01 February 1986
... to nuptiality levels via sex selective migration patterns and population sex ratios. Our analysis shows that nuptiality levels in nineteenth century English and Welsh districts were responsive to occupational variation and that both direct and indirect effects were significant. Our results suggest...
Journal Article
Demography (1983) 20 (3): 249–272.
Published: 01 August 1983
..., marital fertility, and migration responses are examined for each socioeconomic type, with respect to their significance, intensity, and direction. The patterns of these effects show general consistency with multiphasic response considerations for all socioeconomic types. A significant finding in this part...
Journal Article
Demography (1977) 14 (2): 213–222.
Published: 01 May 1977
... increased enrollment 48.36 patients per 1,000 women in need in 1969. Fiscal 1971. Direct effects explain 67 percent of the variance in patients per 1,000 women in need in 1971, an increase of 6 percentage points over 1969. In addi- tion to the six variables with significant effects in 1969, age composition...
Journal Article
Demography (2007) 44 (1): 93–112.
Published: 01 February 2007
... the direction of causality between payments and contact. After including the behavior from the prior wave (lagged term) and a rich set of family characteristics, I find a marginally significant effect of paying formally at Time 1 on the likelihood of contact at Time 2 but no effect of contact at Time 1...
Journal Article
Demography (2020) 57 (5): 1787–1808.
Published: 08 September 2020
...Christopher S. Carpenter Abstract I provide evidence on the direct effects of legal same-sex marriage in the United States by studying Massachusetts, the first state to legalize it in 2004 by court order. Using confidential Massachusetts data from 2001–2013, I show that the ruling significantly...
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Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article
Demography (1973) 10 (3): 329–350.
Published: 01 August 1973
... or better. The five variables having a significant and direct effect on fertility, as shown by their path coefficients (p), are: duration of marriage (p= .721), spouse’s cohort (p= −.093), spouse’s age at marriage (p = .052), caste (p = −.071), and number of siblings of husband (p = .050). p] The use...
Journal Article
Demography (2016) 53 (2): 393–418.
Published: 24 February 2016
... significant, suggesting that nearly 150,000 males departed the formal labor market in response to directed welfare-reform policies. 2 2 2016 24 2 2016 © Population Association of America 2016 2016 In this specification, the state, year, quarter, and year-quarter fixed effects are used...
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Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article
Demography (2009) 46 (1): 147–167.
Published: 01 February 2009
... as for migration. However, migration but not the birth of a child is also associated with a significant increase in total family earnings because of increased husbands’ earnings. As a result, the effect of migration on the relative earnings of wives to husbands is similar to the effect of childbirth. These results...
Journal Article
Demography (1990) 27 (3): 369–396.
Published: 01 August 1990
... characteristics representing women’s status, the roles of children, and infant mortality. These contextual variables are hypothesized to have direct and indirect (through individual socioeconomic characteristics) effects on current fertility. The contextual variables account for a modest but significant share...
Journal Article
Demography (2021) 58 (1): 75–109.
Published: 01 February 2021
... to have a direct effect on the health of parents in the sample. At the time of the reform, respondents in our sample were aged 17–69 and would not have been exposed to the reform themselves. Two important policy changes that could more directly affect health outcomes, cash transfer programs...
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Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article
Demography (2023) 60 (4): 1207–1233.
Published: 01 August 2023
... the life course. While our results show statistically significant and often sizable education effects across racial and ethnic groups for most of the work‒family clusters, they also suggest that the size and direction of the returns of education vary widely across groups. There are two clusters in which...
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Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article
Demography (1998) 35 (2): 229–242.
Published: 01 May 1998
...F. Nii-Amoo Dodoo Abstract The extent of men’s roles in reproductive decision-making in Africa is a subject of contention. Despite the volume of work on the roles men play in fertility decisions, there have been few attempts to derive direct empirical estimates of the effect of men’s preferences...
Journal Article
Demography (2015) 52 (3): 835–860.
Published: 02 May 2015
... and reevaluate the race effect above and beyond SES effects. This framework guides our investigation into parental spending on individual children. We derive three hypotheses from this framework. We expect that parental education, occupation, and income stratify parental spending in the same direction...
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Journal Article
Demography (1999) 36 (1): 23–40.
Published: 01 February 1999
..., however, their inability to un- cover individually significant effects of the variables for quality might have occurred because many of the measures of quality are highly correlated. The studies that describe quality of care and the few that examine the impact of quality on contraceptive use often fail...
Journal Article
Demography (2015) 52 (6): 2021–2049.
Published: 02 November 2015
..., current research is lacking consensus on the direction of the relationship. Parity, early age at first birth and last birth, birth weight of offspring, having a child die as an infant, and having a preterm birth may have long-term effects on health for both men and women. In this study, the relationship...
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Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article
Demography (1985) 22 (4): 565–579.
Published: 01 November 1985
... the standpoint of intervention, information appears to be a key variable in the mobility process. 9 1 2011 © Population Association of America 1985 1985 Treatment Commune Control Commune Residential Mobility Migration Decision Significant Direct Effect References Acock A. C...
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