Fig. 4 Associations between race-specific jail incarceration and race-, age-, and sex-specific mortality. Coefficients represent race-specific jail incarceration in rate ratio form from both unadjusted (Model 1) and adjusted (Model 2) models with corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Models More

Fig. 6 Comparison of race-specific and race-neutral incarceration measures. Coefficients on race-specific jail incarceration are relative to jail incarceration for the total population in rate ratio form from adjusted models (Model 2) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Models More

Fig. 1 Overall segregation by gender, race/ethnicity, and gender and race/ethnicity (index M ), 1940–2010 More

Fig. 1 Age-adjusted excess all-cause mortality by sex, race, and ethnicity, April 2020 through March 2021. Excess mortality is the difference between the observed population-standardized mortality rate and the expected population-standardized mortality rate. Expected mortality rates for April More

Fig. 2 Age-, sex-, race-, and ethnicity-specific excess all-cause mortality, April 2020 through March 2021. Excess mortality is the difference between the observed mortality rate and the expected mortality rate for each age-, sex-, race-, and ethnicity-specific population subgroup. Expected More

Fig. 3 Age-, sex-, race-, and ethnicity-specific proportional excess all-cause mortality, April 2020 through March 2021. Proportional excess mortality is the difference between the observed mortality rate and the expected mortality rate normalized by the expected mortality rate for each age-, sex More

Fig. 7 Poisson and Cox proportional hazards (PH) results of race- and ethnicity-specific effects and between-group differences in child's number of arrests and hazard of arrest. Bars indicate 95% confidence intervals. More

Fig. 2 Tract-month trends in death rates by race. Data are based on Numident death counts and race measures merged to the MAFID. AIAN = American Indian or Alaska Native. HI = Hawaiian. PI = Pacific Islander. More

Fig. 2 CLAR-FE national ASFRs (age-specific fertility rates) by race and ethnicity in 2017 compared with NCHS data. The right panels shows the ratio of the CLAR-FE rate to the NCHS rate across ages. All results were approved for release by the U.S. Census Bureau, Data Management System number P More

Fig. 3 CLAR-FE ASFRs (age-specific fertility rates) by state and race and ethnicity for four large states in 2017 compared with NCHS published rates. The red line shows the ratio of the CLAR-FE rate to the NCHS rate. All results were approved for release by the U.S. Census Bureau, Data More

Fig. 4 U-PASFRs (unconditional parity- and age-specific fertility rates) by race and ethnicity for the United States, 2017: CLAR-FE rates compared with NCHS published rates. All results were approved for release by the U.S. Census Bureau, Data Management System number P-7505458 and approval More

Fig. 4 Percentage distribution of children's living arrangements by race/ethnicity, 2016. Source: U.S. Census Bureau ( 2016 ). More