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Journal Article

Family Income and Child Cognitive Development: A Response to Marks

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Rasheda Khanam, Son Nghiem
Demography (2017) 54 (2): 809–812.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-017-0567-1
Published: 23 March 2017
...Rasheda Khanam; Son Nghiem 6 3 2017 23 3 2017 © Population Association of America 2017 2017 Unobserved Heterogeneity Dynamic Panel Data Mathematical Score Child Cognitive Development Income Parameter The association between childhood outcomes and family income has...
View articletitled, Family <span class="search-highlight">Income</span> and Child Cognitive Development: A Response to Marks View PDF for article titled, Family <span class="search-highlight">Income</span> and Child Cognitive Development: A Response to Marks
Journal Article

Incorporating Neighborhood Choice in a Model of Neighborhood Effects on Income

Open Access
Maarten van Ham, Sanne Boschman, Matt Vogel
Demography (2018) 55 (3): 1069–1090.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-018-0672-9
Published: 09 May 2018
... these terms into eight correction components. We use these to adjust parameter estimates from a model of subsequent neighborhood effects on individual income for the unequal probability that a household chooses to live in a particular type of neighborhood. We apply this technique to administrative data from...
View articletitled, Incorporating Neighborhood Choice in a Model of Neighborhood Effects on <span class="search-highlight">Income</span> View PDF for article titled, Incorporating Neighborhood Choice in a Model of Neighborhood Effects on <span class="search-highlight">Income</span>
Journal Article

The effect of piped water on early childhood mortality in Urban Brazil, 1970 to 1976

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Thomas W. Merrick
Demography (1985) 22 (1): 1–24.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2060983
Published: 01 February 1985
...Thomas W. Merrick Abstract The effects of access to piped water on the trends in child mortality and on differentials by income class are analyzed using data on surviving children and other variables in samples of urban mothers aged 20–29 in 1970 and 1976. Path analytic regression techniques...
View articletitled, The effect of piped water on early childhood mortality in Urban Brazil, 1970 to 1976 View PDF for article titled, The effect of piped water on early childhood mortality in Urban Brazil, 1970 to 1976
Journal Article

Economic determinants of fertility: Results from cross-sectional aggregate data

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Glen G. Cain, Adriana Weininger
Demography (1973) 10 (2): 205–223.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2060814
Published: 01 May 1973
...Glen G. Cain; Adriana Weininger Abstract Census data for areal units, SMSA’s in 1960 and cities in 1940, are used to test hypotheses and estimate parameters concerning the influence of a variety of socioeconomic variables on fertility rates of ever married white and nonwhite women aged 25–29, 30–34...
View articletitled, Economic determinants of fertility: Results from cross-sectional aggregate data View PDF for article titled, Economic determinants of fertility: Results from cross-sectional aggregate data
Journal Article

Household Headship Among Unmarried Persons in the United States, 1970–1985

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Lawrence L. Santi
Demography (1990) 27 (2): 219–232.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2061450
Published: 01 May 1990
... money income. The parameters of this model are consistent with predictions derived from a “life-course” perspective and are stable across period, sex, and color. Nonetheless, residual effects of period, sex, and color persist even after the independent variables are taken into account. 13 1 2011...
View articletitled, Household Headship Among Unmarried Persons in the United States, 1970–1985 View PDF for article titled, Household Headship Among Unmarried Persons in the United States, 1970–1985
Journal Article

Occupational careers and mortality of elderly men

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David E. Moore, Mark D. Hayward
Demography (1990) 27 (1): 31–53.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2061551
Published: 01 February 1990
... cycle. Maximum likelihood es- timates of hazard-model parameters show that the mortality of current or last occu- pation differssubstantially from that of longest occupation, controlling for education, income, health status, and other sociodemographic factors. In particular, the rate of mortality...
View articletitled, Occupational careers and mortality of elderly men View PDF for article titled, Occupational careers and mortality of elderly men
Journal Article

Family Income and Child Cognitive and Noncognitive Development in Australia: Does Money Matter?

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Rasheda Khanam, Son Nghiem
Demography (2016) 53 (3): 597–621.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-016-0466-x
Published: 15 April 2016
..., respectively; Y it is the inflation-adjusted family income; ε it is the random error; and the βs are parameters to be estimated. Other remaining factors that affect child development are represented by Z it . The component μ i captures a set of time-invariant individual unobserved characteristics...
FIGURES
View articletitled, Family <span class="search-highlight">Income</span> and Child Cognitive and Noncognitive Development in Australia: Does Money Matter? View PDF for article titled, Family <span class="search-highlight">Income</span> and Child Cognitive and Noncognitive Development in Australia: Does Money Matter?
Image
Fig. 6 Generating SES gradients in health and mortality. Panel a shows the predicted mortality rate for the 1816 cohort (using the parameters from Table A1 but setting the accident rate at 0 throughout for simplicity) and the counterfactual mortality that results from a 95% decline in I for this population. The baseline 1816 cohort is labeled “High income,” and the counterfactual population is labeled “Low income.” Panel b reproduces the results from Chetty et al. (2016) and shows the mortality rates of high- and low-income populations in the United States. Panel c shows the simulated effects of decreasing the baseline level of I (our proxy for SES) by 50% on mortality in levels and percentages. We plot the gap between the baseline and the affected population. This gap is computed as MR(low SES) – MR(high SES). Panel d shows the effects of increasing the baseline level of I by 50% on health. This gap is computed as H(low SES) – H(high SES). The baseline parameters are the same as in Figure 3.

Generating SES gradients in health and mortality. Panel a shows the predict...

Open Access
in A Unified Model of Cohort Mortality > Demography
Published: 01 December 2022
Fig. 6 Generating SES gradients in health and mortality. Panel a shows the predicted mortality rate for the 1816 cohort (using the parameters from Table A1 but setting the accident rate at 0 throughout for simplicity) and the counterfactual mortality that results from a 95% decline in I More
Journal Article

The Association Between Individual Income and Remaining Life Expectancy at the Age of 65 in the Netherlands

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Adriaan S. Kalwij, Rob J. M. Alessie, Marike G. Knoef
Demography (2013) 50 (1): 181–206.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-012-0139-3
Published: 14 September 2012
... controlling for time effects, as briefly explained in the next section, we also test for age-specific intercepts instead of a linear age function. To estimate the associations between individual and spousal income and mortality risk, we parameterize Eq. ( 1 ) as follows: (5) The associations between...
View articletitled, The Association Between Individual <span class="search-highlight">Income</span> and Remaining Life Expectancy at the Age of 65 in the Netherlands View PDF for article titled, The Association Between Individual <span class="search-highlight">Income</span> and Remaining Life Expectancy at the Age of 65 in the Netherlands
Journal Article

Immigrants, visible minorities, and self-employment

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Paul S. Maxim
Demography (1992) 29 (2): 181–198.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2061726
Published: 01 May 1992
... persons. The matrix, X, represents a series of independent variables assumed to affect income; 13 is a vector of estimable parameters; Al and Azare included to correct for selection bias and are determined by Equations (1) and (2) above; 8 is an estimable parameter that links the bias correction factor...
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Journal Article

Estimating a Dynamic Model of Sex Selection in China

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Avraham Ebenstein
Demography (2011) 48 (2): 783–811.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-011-0030-7
Published: 19 May 2011
... parameters. 4 The parameterized model is able to reproduce a distribution of fertility outcomes similar to what is observed in the actual census data in Table  1 , suggesting that several key features of the decision process underlying China’s fertility are captured by the parameters. Because the model’s...
FIGURES
View articletitled, Estimating a Dynamic Model of Sex Selection in China View PDF for article titled, Estimating a Dynamic Model of Sex Selection in China
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article

Postcensal estimates of household income distributions

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Lois Fonseca, Jeff Tayman
Demography (1989) 26 (1): 149–159.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2061501
Published: 01 February 1989
... (determined from the proportions of the observed data) and Y is nonlinear. This shows clearly that income is not lognormally distributed. To adjust for this additional nonlinear parameter, yo is used for fitting the curve. We call this a modified lognormal curve and, in place of equation (5), estimate Z by Z...
View articletitled, Postcensal estimates of household <span class="search-highlight">income</span> distributions View PDF for article titled, Postcensal estimates of household <span class="search-highlight">income</span> distributions
Journal Article

The Nonlinear Linkage Between Earnings Homogamy and Earnings Inequality Among Married Couples

Open Access
Yifan Shen
Demography (2021) 58 (2): 527–550.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-8996374
Published: 01 April 2021
... of inequality measure. When α = 1, the first component is the Gini mean difference (GMD) ( Dagum 1997 ). When α = 2, it is simply variance. Both GMD and variance are measures of variability. After being scaled and parameterized by the second and the third components, GMD and variance become measures...
FIGURES | View All (6)
View articletitled, The Nonlinear Linkage Between Earnings Homogamy and Earnings Inequality Among Married Couples View PDF for article titled, The Nonlinear Linkage Between Earnings Homogamy and Earnings Inequality Among Married Couples
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article

Does Opportunity Skip Generations? Reassessing Evidence From Sibling and Cousin Correlations

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Ian Lundberg
Demography (2020) 57 (4): 1193–1213.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-020-00880-w
Published: 07 July 2020
..., is complicated. One empirical set of sibling and cousin correlations can be generated from a multitude of distinct theoretical processes. I illustrate this problem in the context of multigenerational mobility: the relationship between the incomes of an ancestor and a descendant separated by several generations...
FIGURES
View articletitled, Does Opportunity Skip Generations? Reassessing Evidence From Sibling and Cousin Correlations View PDF for article titled, Does Opportunity Skip Generations? Reassessing Evidence From Sibling and Cousin Correlations
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article

How Long Will You Be a Widow? Determinants, Trends, and Income Gradient in Widowhood Duration

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Julie Tréguier, Carole Bonnet, Didier Blanchet
Demography (2025) 62 (2): 467–488.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-11846477
Published: 01 April 2025
... U. , &amp; Camarda C. G . ( 2019 ). Modelling and forecasting adult age-at-death distributions . Population Studies , 73 , 119 – 138 . Basellini U. , Canudas-Romo V. , &amp; Lenart A . ( 2019 ). Location–scale models in demography: A useful re-parameterization...
FIGURES | View All (7)
View articletitled, How Long Will You Be a Widow? Determinants, Trends, and <span class="search-highlight">Income</span> Gradient in Widowhood Duration View PDF for article titled, How Long Will You Be a Widow? Determinants, Trends, and <span class="search-highlight">Income</span> Gradient in Widowhood Duration
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article

Linked Lives, Dependent Demise? Survival Analysis of Husbands and Wives

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Ken R. Smith, Cathleen D. Zick
Demography (1994) 31 (1): 81–93.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2061909
Published: 01 February 1994
... application, we use the program MULCOX to estimate all of the parameters and conduct all of the tests. The Data Estimates of the model are based on data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), a nationally representative sample of more than 5,000 U.S. households. The file used here contains households...
View articletitled, Linked Lives, Dependent Demise? Survival Analysis of Husbands and Wives View PDF for article titled, Linked Lives, Dependent Demise? Survival Analysis of Husbands and Wives
Journal Article

A Unified Model of Cohort Mortality

Open Access
Adriana Lleras-Muney, Flavien Moreau
Demography (2022) 59 (6): 2109–2134.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-10286336
Published: 01 December 2022
...Fig. 6 Generating SES gradients in health and mortality. Panel a shows the predicted mortality rate for the 1816 cohort (using the parameters from Table A1 but setting the accident rate at 0 throughout for simplicity) and the counterfactual mortality that results from a 95% decline in I...
FIGURES | View All (8)
View articletitled, A Unified Model of Cohort Mortality View PDF for article titled, A Unified Model of Cohort Mortality
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article

A comparison of the determinants of white and nonwhite interstate migration

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Michael J. Greenwood, Patrick J. Gormely
Demography (1971) 8 (1): 141–155.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2060344
Published: 01 February 1971
... discuss later, for including PJ as an explanatory variable. Parameters were estimated by least squares, and log-linear relationships Were examined. Table 1 contains the pa- rameter estimates of the distance, pop- ulation, income, and temperature vari- ables as well as the t-ratios for the white...
View articletitled, A comparison of the determinants of white and nonwhite interstate migration View PDF for article titled, A comparison of the determinants of white and nonwhite interstate migration
Journal Article

Birth projections with cohort models

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James M. Beshers
Demography (1965) 2 (1): 593–599.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2060142
Published: 01 March 1965
... según la rasa, la religión, la ocupación y la distribución por sectores urbanos y rurales. Por ejemplo, la clásica serie histórica de las correlaciones de las clases sociales con la fecundidad puede deducirse de un modelo de difusión para una sociedad. Family Size Social Variable Future Income...
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Journal Article

A test of the Easterlin fertility model using income for two generations and a comparison with the Becker model

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Jere R. Behrman, Paul Taubman
Demography (1989) 26 (1): 117–123.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2061498
Published: 01 February 1989
... and 7t are positive parameters and b is a constant. The signs before tt reflect that parents have fewer children, ceteris paribus, the higher the per capita income they became accustomed to when they were children. The basic point about the downward bias in the coefficient estimate of own income...
View articletitled, A test of the Easterlin fertility model using <span class="search-highlight">income</span> for two generations and a comparison with the Becker model View PDF for article titled, A test of the Easterlin fertility model using <span class="search-highlight">income</span> for two generations and a comparison with the Becker model