Search Results for Heterogeneity

... significant differences between groups remain after adjusting thresholds, I calculate standard errors for the simulated probabilities, largely ignored in previous literature. Accounting for reporting heterogeneity reduces the gender gap in many health domains across the four countries, but to varying degrees...

... to differentiating the role of the number, types, and sequencing of family transitions that children experience, as well as to understanding potential heterogeneity in these associations by family structure at birth. We use data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study and hierarchical linear models...

... a multidimensional view of heterogeneity that considers whether growing ethnoracial diversity within U.S. communities (i.e., incorporated and unincorporated places) has resulted in the consolidation or differentiation of demographic, sociocultural, and economic distinctions between 1980 and 2010. As communities have...

... about the origin and mechanisms of sex differences in mortality. We propose a two-mortality model that explains these patterns as the change in the composition of intrinsic and extrinsic death rates with age. We show that the age pattern of overall mortality and the population heterogeneity therein...

.... These findings indicate that the SM theory needs to be generalized to incorporate heterogeneity among human populations. 4 1 2011 23 2 2011 © Population Association of America 2011 2011 Strehler-Mildvan theory Ecological system Population heterogeneity Age of expected zero vitality...

...-Consistent Covariance Matrix Estimator and a Direct Test for Heteroskedasticity . Econometrica , 48 , 817 – 38 . 10.2307/1912934 CREDIT PROGRAMS FOR THE POOR AND REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR IN LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES: ARE THE REPORTED CAUSAL RELATIONSHIPS THE RESULT OF HETEROGENEITY BIAS?* MARK M. Pin...

... expectancy: (1) that people’s socioeconomic characteristics change, and (2) that mortality has decreased over time. Our methodology uncovers substantial heterogeneity in expected longevities, yet much less heterogeneity than what arises from the naive application of life expectancy formulae. We decompose...

...James W. Vaupel; Kenneth G. Manton; Eric Stallard Abstract Life table methods are developed for populations whose members differ in their endowment for longevity. Unlike standard methods, which ignore such heterogeneity, these methods use different calculations to construct cohort, period...

...George Kephart Abstract The spatial units of analysis employed in urban and regional research display considerable internal heterogeneity in terms of the social, demographic, and economic variables used to describe them. One implication of this has been overlooked in the literature, namely...

..., for example, all should focus on patterns of recurrent events among interacting populations (that is, multistate populations). Selection arising from heterogeneity will occur, but the consequences for average measures become unpredictable a priori. This paper explores such aspects of the selection effects...

... to the understanding of the heterogeneous effect of extreme heat on birth outcomes. First, whereas most previous studies focused on a single measure of birth outcomes, we study multiple indicators: LBW, PTB, and very low birth weight (VLBW). Second, with two exceptions ( Basu et al. 2018 ; Hajdu and Hajdu 2021...

...R. B. Davies; R. Crouchley; A. R. Pickles Abstract Migration probabilities are known to vary over the population (heterogeneity) and over time (nonstationarity). It is shown that if the heterogeneity is represented by an SB mixing distribution and the nonstationarity by a set of arbitrary logistic...

... to greater ethnic heterogeneity among Whites, which could be hidden by the aggregate category. Using data from the National Health Interview Survey (2000–2018), we disaggregate non-Hispanic Whites by nativity status (U.S.- and foreign-born) and foreign-born region of birth (Europe, Former Soviet Union...

... 7 2011 © Population Association of America 2011 2011 College education Fertility Causality Heterogeneity NLSY Higher education influences women’s career aspirations, labor market involvement and experiences, familial roles, and fertility (Becker 1981 ; Rindfuss et al. 1980...

... disease exposure in milder disease environments. This study estimates heterogeneous effects from disease exposure in infancy on later-life mortality in twentieth-century Sweden, by socioeconomic status at birth and sex. Using historical population data for southern Sweden, we study 11,515 individuals who...

...Kenneth G. Manton; Eric Stallard Abstract A method of analyzing mortality rates in heterogeneous populations is presented. This method, appropriate for the investigation of mortality rates in small geographic areas (e.g., counties) where the forces of mobility operate to selectively “package...

...Kenneth G. Manton; Eric Stallard; James W. Vaupel Abstract Methods are presented which produce Maximum Likelihood Estimates (MLE) of the degree of heterogeneity in individual mortality risks under a variety of assumptions about the age trajectory of those mortality risks. With these estimates...