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Journal Article
The foster care crisis: What caused caseloads to grow?
Available to Purchase
Demography (2006) 43 (2): 309–335.
Published: 01 May 2006
...Christopher A. Swann; Michelle Sheran Sylvester Abstract Foster care caseloads more than doubled from 1985 to 2000. This article provides the first comprehensive study of this growth by relating state-level foster care caseloads to state-specific characteristics and policies. We present evidence...
View articletitled, The <span class="search-highlight">foster</span> <span class="search-highlight">care</span> crisis: What caused caseloads to grow?
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for article titled, The <span class="search-highlight">foster</span> <span class="search-highlight">care</span> crisis: What caused caseloads to grow?
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Published: 06 November 2012
Fig. 1 Average foster care and adoption subsidies, by child’s age. Source: Data obtained from the Child Welfare League of America, the North American Council on Adoptable Children, a variety of state publications, and direct contact with state employees. Payments have been converted to 2006
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Monthly basic foster care and adoption subsidies in 1998 and 2006 for six s...
Available to PurchasePublished: 06 November 2012
Fig. 2 Monthly basic foster care and adoption subsidies in 1998 and 2006 for six selected states, by child’s age. Source: Data obtained from the Child Welfare League of America, the North American Council on Adoptable Children, a variety of state publications, and direct contact with state
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Journal Article
Demography (2021) 58 (5): 2009–2017.
Published: 01 October 2021
...Alexander F. Roehrkasse Abstract This study combines and standardizes multiple sources of administrative data to calculate rates of children in foster care in the United States from 1961 to 2018, more than tripling the length of previously available time series. Results yield novel insights about...
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View articletitled, Long-Term Trends and Ethnoracial Inequality in U.S. <span class="search-highlight">Foster</span> <span class="search-highlight">Care</span>: A Research Note
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for article titled, Long-Term Trends and Ethnoracial Inequality in U.S. <span class="search-highlight">Foster</span> <span class="search-highlight">Care</span>: A Research Note
Includes: Supplementary data
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Published: 01 October 2021
Fig. 1 Foster care rates, U.S. states and District of Columbia, 1961–2018. Points represent observed data. Lines represent local polynomial estimates, and bands represent 95% confidence intervals around the estimates. Sources: American Public Welfare Association, Children's Bureau, National
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Image
Published: 01 October 2021
Fig. 2 Foster care rates, United States, 1961–2018. Observed values are calculated entirely from complete state-level data. Estimated values are based on estimated state values or a combination of observed and estimated state values. Vertical line ranges represent 95% confidence intervals around
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Image
Published: 01 October 2021
Fig. 3 Foster care rate ratios, U.S. states and District of Columbia, 1982–2018. Points indicate ratios of rates for each ethnoracial group compared with the total rate for children of all races and ethnicities. Rate ratios therefore represent the factor by which children of each group were over
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Published: 01 October 2021
Fig. 4 Foster care rates and rate ratios, by ethnoracial group, United States, 2000–2018. The vertical axis of the lower panel is plotted on a logarithmic scale, with proportional representation indicated by the horizontal line at 1. Total rates differ from those in Figure 2 because here
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Journal Article
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Early Motherhood Among Low-Income, Maltreated, and Foster Youth
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Demography (2019) 56 (1): 261–284.
Published: 05 December 2018
... than the general population of youth. In this study, we assessed differences in the risk of early motherhood among these groups and investigated whether differences likely reflect selection factors versus effects of involvement with Child Protective Services (CPS) or foster care. Using a statewide...
View articletitled, Prevalence and Risk Factors for Early Motherhood Among Low-Income, Maltreated, and <span class="search-highlight">Foster</span> Youth
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for article titled, Prevalence and Risk Factors for Early Motherhood Among Low-Income, Maltreated, and <span class="search-highlight">Foster</span> Youth
Journal Article
Economic Incentives and Foster Child Adoption
Available to Purchase
Demography (2013) 50 (3): 933–954.
Published: 06 November 2012
...Fig. 1 Average foster care and adoption subsidies, by child’s age. Source: Data obtained from the Child Welfare League of America, the North American Council on Adoptable Children, a variety of state publications, and direct contact with state employees. Payments have been converted to 2006...
FIGURES
Journal Article
Two Decades of Child Welfare System Contact in the Global North: A Research Note on Trends in 44 Countries
Open Access
Demography (2025) 62 (1): 1–15.
Published: 01 February 2025
... into out-of-home care for 44 countries in the Global North. We analyzed 15 sociodemographic factors commonly associated with child maltreatment and child welfare system contact. Results support three core conclusions. First, data are much more available on late-stage system contact (e.g., foster care...
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View articletitled, Two Decades of Child Welfare System Contact in the Global North: A Research Note on Trends in 44 Countries
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for article titled, Two Decades of Child Welfare System Contact in the Global North: A Research Note on Trends in 44 Countries
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article
Prenatal Care, Son Preference, and the Sex Ratio at Birth
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Demography (2025) 62 (1): 211–236.
Published: 01 February 2025
... the idea that behavioral factors likely help explain the SRB changes during this period. We therefore explore whether behavioral mechanisms fostered gender-biased behavior affecting the effective prenatal care of male and female fetuses (Theoretical result 2). To explain the inverse U-shaped...
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View articletitled, Prenatal <span class="search-highlight">Care</span>, Son Preference, and the Sex Ratio at Birth
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for article titled, Prenatal <span class="search-highlight">Care</span>, Son Preference, and the Sex Ratio at Birth
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article
Demography (2023) 60 (6): 1843–1875.
Published: 01 December 2023
... increased foster care admissions ( Dallman 2020 ; Mackenzie-Liu 2021 ). 19 The rise in overdose deaths ( Powell and Pacula 2021 ) and rise in criminal behavior (and, likely, incarceration) ( Mallatt 2022 ) could affect whether a child lives with a parent. I use data from the Adoption and Foster Care...
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View articletitled, Growth in Suicide Rates Among Children During the Illicit Opioid Crisis
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for article titled, Growth in Suicide Rates Among Children During the Illicit Opioid Crisis
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article
Positive, Negative, or Null? The Effects of Maternal Incarceration on Children’s Behavioral Problems
Available to Purchase
Demography (2014) 51 (3): 1041–1068.
Published: 10 April 2014
... is especially complex given the effects of maternal imprisonment on foster care placement (Swann and Sylvester 2006 ), which may be linked to attrition and children’s behavioral problems (Berger et al. 2009 ; Doyle 2007 , 2008 ). Third, findings from our robustness checks suggest that we would have reached...
Journal Article
Child Mobility, Maternal Status, and Household Composition in Rural South Africa
Available to Purchase
Demography (2012) 49 (2): 699–718.
Published: 20 January 2012
... has focused mainly on the short- and long-term consequences of foster care in terms of health and education (Bledsoe et al. 1988 ; Castle 1996 ; Parker and Short 2009 ) and on community acceptance of fostered children (Young and Ansell 2003 ). Although we know that the impetus for foster care...
Journal Article
How Parental Incarceration Shapes the Timing and Structure of Fertility for Children of Incarcerated Parents
Available to Purchase
Demography (2024) 61 (1): 165–187.
Published: 01 February 2024
... to a different path of marginalization—foster care placement. Further, the fertility literature has found that family context, such as parent absence, differentially affects children's later fertility by parental gender (Beaujouan and Solaz 2023 ). Taken together, these existing studies suggest...
Journal Article
Orphans in Africa: parental death, poverty, and school enrollment
Available to Purchase
Demography (2004) 41 (3): 483–508.
Published: 01 August 2004
... by placing children in foster care, and whether the households into which orphans are placed are richer or poorer than the household of ori- gin. Although there is great interest in the extent to which investments in children are insured against the death of the children s parents, models of insurance cannot...
Journal Article
Maternal Migration and Child Fostering Arrangements in Nairobi's Slums
Available to Purchase
Demography (2024) 61 (6): 1975–1998.
Published: 01 December 2024
.... For example, children may be fostered to protect them or to provide mothers with opportunities to work without caring for children after migration. Across Africa, migration is increasingly part of the lives of women and, by extension, their children ( Beguy et al. 2010 ; Hall and Posel 2019...
Journal Article
A Research Note on Time With Children in Different- and Same-Sex Two-Parent Families
Available to Purchase
Demography (2015) 52 (3): 905–918.
Published: 25 April 2015
... are more likely to come from adoption (often from foster care), from artificial insemination, or through divorce from an opposite-sex partner and subsequent partnership with a new stepparent (Lavner et al. 2012 ; Potter 2012 ; Rosenfeld 2010 ). Third, quantitative research on child outcomes in same-sex...
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Journal Article
Geographic Variation in the Cumulative Risk of Imprisonment and Parental Imprisonment in the United States
Available to Purchase
Demography (2016) 53 (5): 1499–1509.
Published: 08 August 2016
.... 2011 ; Harris et al. 2010 ), and it may contribute to foster care caseloads (Swann and Sylvester 2006 ). The cumulative risk of parental imprisonment tells us how many children have been affected by the historic expansion of imprisonment in the United States. Bonczar and Beck ( 1997 ) produced...
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