Search Results for Female Scientist

... find evidence supporting the third. Family constraints on women scientists’ careers generally appear to be weak. but become acute when they have children. Family Migration Geographic Mobility Female Scientist Woman Scientist Academic Woman References Ahem N.C. , & Scott E.L...

... for this tautology is that we, as social scientists, can't think of any other way to explain sex differences. So if males and females differ in their interest in and attention to small children, we infer sex-differentiated norms from observations of sex-differentiated behavior, and then explain the sex...

...–female early-age mortality gap. This hypothesis is consistent with the concurrent increase of female births and their relative mortality in several developed societies (see Fig.  2 for the United States for the period 1945–2004). Scientists have argued that environmental hazards that cause endocrine...

...- veloped in two stages: (1) before trans- lating the coding the data the occupa- tions of midwife, other teacher, other social scientist and the religious cate- gory were deleted because of compara- bility problems (i.e., heterogeneity of the category and some questions about the occupation's high status...

... considerably more dispersed (the measure dropped by more than 20 %), while only medical scientists became considerably more clustered (the measure increased by more than 20 %). Table  1 shows that none of the 20 most-clustered occupations were majority female in 1980, and only one became majority female...

... scientists but, in recent decades, has gained recognition through various research activities undertaken by the National Opinion Research Center (Hodge et al., 1964; Reiss et al., 1961; Hatt, 1950). The second approach concen- trates on the objective dimension of occu- pational status. Investigators...

... and that are of consequential magnitude. Empirical social scientists drawing inferences about gender dynamics from the daughter/divorce association have relied on implicit assumptions about dynamics of selection into live birth (Dahl and Moretti 2008 ; Mammen 2008 ; Morgan et al. 1988 ; Spanier and Glick 1981...

... . Mahler S. ( 1999 ). Engendering Transnational Migration: A Case Study of El Salvadorans . American Behavioral Scientist , 42 , 690 – 719 . 10.1177/00027649921954426 Massey D.S. ( 1990 ). Social Structure, Household Strategies, and the Cumulative Causation of Migration . Population...

... scientists in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, see Rosenberg 1982). Interestingly, sex plays a more prominent role in articles on teenage childbearing (Thornton and Camburn 1987; Udry, Talbert and Morris 1986; Weinstein and Thornton 1989). An outsider also might wonder about the absence...

... of the scientists who submitted manuscripts to Demography . We do, however, know that the share of the students earning doctoral degrees in demography at U.S. institutions who are women has been increasing in recent decades and has been above 50 % since 2000 (National Science Foundation 2015 ). Female authorship...

... family size in a sample of British aristocrats, and found h2 = .40. Nevertheless, it ap- pears that social scientists and behavioral geneticists have taken his theorem more seriously than his empirical results. This is not true of other fields, however, particularly bi- ology. At least four different...

... the life course, I advocate for using an approach that bridges biomedical sciences with social and behavioral sciences by bringing together the disciplinary strengths of each. Biomedical scientists have monopolized the health ¿ eld and much of the early research on health disparities because health...

... 2014 ; Melkers and Kiopa 2010 ), a possible relationship between social capital and international scholarly migration could emerge through practices at academic institutions. Alternatively, scholarly migration might help scientists and researchers advance their careers and build more scientific...

... the result of improvements in birth registration com- pleteness, a fact that has been systemati- cally overlooked by demographers and other social scientists. Table 4.-PERCENT DISTRIBUTION OF THE FEMALE POPULATION 15 YEARS OF AGE AND OVER, BY MARITAL STATUS, PUERTO RICO, 1899 TO 1940 Never Presently Other...

.... , & Nee C. ( 2000 ). Educational attainment and sex differentials in African-American communities . American Behavioral Scientist , 43 , 1159 – 1206 . 10.1177/00027640021955801 Cross T. ( 1999 ). Special report: College degree awards: The ominous gender gap in African American higher...

.... The only empirical support for this theory is the fact that increases in sexual behavior and increases in hormone levels occur at the same general period of development (Beach 1974). In the absence of any empirical work on the problem, social scientists have constructed a competing model. They have noted...

... twentieth century multiracial movement had a decidedly female cast, as White mothers played a major role in its leadership ( DaCosta 2007 ; Ibrahim 2012 ; Williams 2006 ). Against this backdrop, social scientists have discerned markedly gendered patterns in individuals' self-identification...

... ). Fertility and Occupation: Population Patterns in Industrialization . New York : Academic Press . Hanushek E.A. , & Jackson J.E. ( 1977 ). Statistical Methods for Social Scientists . New York : Academic Press . Hermalin Albert I , & van de Walle Etienne ( 1977...

... in light of one’s gender identity. Although many social scientists would agree that gender is socially constructed, it is considerably more controversial to say that sex, too, is socially constructed ( Butler 1990 ; West and Zimmerman 1987 ). But the wide heterogeneity observed among transgender people...

..., there has been no resolution of one fundamental question regarding this form of social differentiation: whether occupational segregation is necessarily coterminous with occu- pational gender inequality. Social scientists, however, have expressed clear opinions on different sides of this issue. Consider...