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Journal Article

The Population Education Transition Curve: Education Gradients Across Population Exposure to New Health Risks

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David P. Baker, William C. Smith, Ismael G. Muñoz, Haram Jeon, Tian Fu ...
Demography (2017) 54 (5): 1873–1895.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-017-0608-9
Published: 05 September 2017
... schooling enact their health knowledge in seeking effective child health care (LeVine et al. 2004 ; Greenaway et al. 2012 ). An extensive review across a large number of studies consistently found that educationally derived empowerment to act and negotiate more independently among young women leads...
FIGURES | View All (5)
View articletitled, The Population <span class="search-highlight">Education</span> Transition Curve: <span class="search-highlight">Education</span> <span class="search-highlight">Gradients</span> Across Population Exposure to New Health Risks View PDF for article titled, The Population <span class="search-highlight">Education</span> Transition Curve: <span class="search-highlight">Education</span> <span class="search-highlight">Gradients</span> Across Population Exposure to New Health Risks
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article

Job Quality and the Educational Gradient in Entry Into Marriage and Cohabitation

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Daniel Schneider, Kristen Harknett, Matthew Stimpson
Demography (2019) 56 (2): 451–476.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-018-0749-5
Published: 07 January 2019
... of the educational gradient in entry into first marriage. However, these dimensions of job quality are not predictive of cohabitation. 28 11 2018 7 1 2019 © Population Association of America 2019 2019 Marriage Cohabitation Precarious employment Inequality However, particular aspects...
FIGURES
View articletitled, Job Quality and the <span class="search-highlight">Educational</span> <span class="search-highlight">Gradient</span> in Entry Into Marriage and Cohabitation View PDF for article titled, Job Quality and the <span class="search-highlight">Educational</span> <span class="search-highlight">Gradient</span> in Entry Into Marriage and Cohabitation
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article

The Contribution of Drug Overdose to Educational Gradients in Life Expectancy in the United States, 1992–2011

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Jessica Y. Ho
Demography (2017) 54 (3): 1175–1202.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-017-0565-3
Published: 21 March 2017
...Jessica Y. Ho Abstract Since the mid-1990s, the United States has witnessed a dramatic rise in drug overdose mortality. Educational gradients in life expectancy widened over the same period, and drug overdose likely plays a role in this widening, particularly for non-Hispanic whites...
FIGURES
View articletitled, The Contribution of Drug Overdose to <span class="search-highlight">Educational</span> <span class="search-highlight">Gradients</span> in Life Expectancy in the United States, 1992–2011 View PDF for article titled, The Contribution of Drug Overdose to <span class="search-highlight">Educational</span> <span class="search-highlight">Gradients</span> in Life Expectancy in the United States, 1992–2011
Journal Article

The Educational Gradient in Marriage: A Comparison of 25 European Countries

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Matthijs Kalmijn
Demography (2013) 50 (4): 1499–1520.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-013-0229-x
Published: 04 July 2013
...Matthijs Kalmijn Abstract Previous research has suggested that a new marriage gradient has emerged in the United States, with marriage becoming increasingly the privilege of the better-educated. This article examines whether this is true for Europe and explores differences in the marriage gradient...
FIGURES
View articletitled, The <span class="search-highlight">Educational</span> <span class="search-highlight">Gradient</span> in Marriage: A Comparison of 25 European Countries View PDF for article titled, The <span class="search-highlight">Educational</span> <span class="search-highlight">Gradient</span> in Marriage: A Comparison of 25 European Countries
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article

Diverging Destinies: Maternal Education and the Developmental Gradient in Time With Children

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Ariel Kalil, Rebecca Ryan, Michael Corey
Demography (2012) 49 (4): 1361–1383.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-012-0129-5
Published: 11 August 2012
... progress educationally because of stronger academic ability. Despite these limitations, the rich information on mothers’ time use in the ATUS allows us to identify two important gradients in maternal time with children: one educational and one developmental. As a next step, future research should test...
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View articletitled, Diverging Destinies: Maternal <span class="search-highlight">Education</span> and the Developmental <span class="search-highlight">Gradient</span> in Time With Children View PDF for article titled, Diverging Destinies: Maternal <span class="search-highlight">Education</span> and the Developmental <span class="search-highlight">Gradient</span> in Time With Children
Journal Article

Trends in the Developmental Gradient in Mothers’ Parenting Time by Maternal Education, 2003–2019

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Melody Ge Gao
Demography (2025) 62 (1): 159–181.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-11774972
Published: 01 February 2025
... a specific parenting need is more developmentally important. Following recent findings suggesting a general reduction in the educational gradient in mothers’ overall parenting time, this study aims to determine if this convergence extends to the developmental gradient in parenting. Using the American Time...
FIGURES | View All (5)
View articletitled, Trends in the Developmental <span class="search-highlight">Gradient</span> in Mothers’ Parenting Time by Maternal <span class="search-highlight">Education</span>, 2003–2019 View PDF for article titled, Trends in the Developmental <span class="search-highlight">Gradient</span> in Mothers’ Parenting Time by Maternal <span class="search-highlight">Education</span>, 2003–2019
Includes: Supplementary data
Image
Lifespan inequality gradient across education groups for women and for men (European countries around 2000, Spain in 1980–1989 and 2012–2015). Note: The same colors are used for countries belonging to the same geographic area. Source: VR and authors’ elaboration using data from the ESD and INE

Lifespan inequality gradient across education groups for women and for men ...

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in Longevity and Lifespan Variation by Educational Attainment in Spain: 1960–2015 > Demography
Published: 15 October 2018
Fig. 3 Lifespan inequality gradient across education groups for women and for men (European countries around 2000, Spain in 1980–1989 and 2012–2015). Note: The same colors are used for countries belonging to the same geographic area. Source: VR and authors’ elaboration using data from More
Image
Lifespan inequality gradient across education groups for women and for men over time for Spain (left panels) and the United States (right panels). Note: For Spain, &lt;P refers to less than primary education; and P, S, U to primary, secondary, and university education, respectively; for the United States, we use the same education categories as Sasson (2016b). Source: Sasson (2016b) and authors’ elaboration using data from the ESD and INE

Lifespan inequality gradient across education groups for women and for men ...

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in Longevity and Lifespan Variation by Educational Attainment in Spain: 1960–2015 > Demography
Published: 15 October 2018
Fig. 4 Lifespan inequality gradient across education groups for women and for men over time for Spain (left panels) and the United States (right panels). Note: For Spain, &lt; P refers to less than primary education; and P , S , U to primary, secondary, and university education More
Image
Multiple mediating pathways of the education-health gradient

Multiple mediating pathways of the education-health gradient

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in The Population Education Transition Curve: Education Gradients Across Population Exposure to New Health Risks > Demography
Published: 05 September 2017
Fig. 1 Multiple mediating pathways of the education-health gradient More
Image
Educational gradients in predicted probability of reporting a physical activity limitation among black native-born and black foreign-born U.S. residents ages 25+: 50 states and the District of Columbia, 2000. Note: Based on a logistic model adjusted for age, sex, educational level, marital status, and region of residence. Each covariate is held at the subgroup-specific means to estimate probabilities. Data are from the 5% PUMS file of the 2000 U.S. census

Educational gradients in predicted probability of reporting a physical acti...

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in Disability Among Native-born and Foreign-born Blacks in the United States > Demography
Published: 03 March 2011
Fig. 3 Educational gradients in predicted probability of reporting a physical activity limitation among black native-born and black foreign-born U.S. residents ages 25+: 50 states and the District of Columbia, 2000. Note : Based on a logistic model adjusted for age, sex, educational level More
Journal Article

Trends in Education-Specific Life Expectancy, Data Quality, and Shifting Education Distributions: A Note on Recent Research

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Arun S. Hendi
Demography (2017) 54 (3): 1203–1213.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-017-0574-2
Published: 10 April 2017
...; and lifespan variation plays a very limited role in explaining educational gradients in mortality. I also discuss the key role that educational expansion may play in driving future changes in mortality gradients. Because of shifting education distributions, within an education-specific synthetic cohort, older...
FIGURES | View All (4)
View articletitled, Trends in <span class="search-highlight">Education</span>-Specific Life Expectancy, Data Quality, and Shifting <span class="search-highlight">Education</span> Distributions: A Note on Recent Research View PDF for article titled, Trends in <span class="search-highlight">Education</span>-Specific Life Expectancy, Data Quality, and Shifting <span class="search-highlight">Education</span> Distributions: A Note on Recent Research
Journal Article

Childbearing Across Partnerships in Australia, the United States, Norway, and Sweden

Open Access
Elizabeth Thomson, Trude Lappegård, Marcia Carlson, Ann Evans, Edith Gray
Demography (2014) 51 (2): 485–508.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-013-0273-6
Published: 08 January 2014
... with different partners. The educational gradient in childbearing across partnerships is also consistently negative across countries, particularly in contrast to educational gradients in childbearing with the same partner. The risk of childbearing across partnerships increased dramatically in all countries from...
FIGURES
View articletitled, Childbearing Across Partnerships in Australia, the United States, Norway, and Sweden View PDF for article titled, Childbearing Across Partnerships in Australia, the United States, Norway, and Sweden
Journal Article

The gradient in sub-saharan Africa: Socioeconomic status and HIV/AIDS

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Jane G. Fortson
Demography (2008) 45 (2): 303–322.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/dem.0.0006
Published: 01 May 2008
... positive education gradient in HIV infection, showing that, up to very high levels of education, better-educated respondents are more likely to be HIV-positive. Adults with six years of schooling are as much as three percentage points more likely to be infected with HIV than adults with no schooling...
View articletitled, The <span class="search-highlight">gradient</span> in sub-saharan Africa: Socioeconomic status and HIV&#x2F;AIDS View PDF for article titled, The <span class="search-highlight">gradient</span> in sub-saharan Africa: Socioeconomic status and HIV&#x2F;AIDS
Journal Article

SES Gradients Among Mexicans in the United States and in Mexico: A New Twist to the Hispanic Paradox?

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Hiram Beltrán-Sánchez, Alberto Palloni, Fernando Riosmena, Rebeca Wong
Demography (2016) 53 (5): 1555–1581.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-016-0508-4
Published: 21 September 2016
... education gradients among Mexicans living in Mexico’s urban areas in five of six biomarkers of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and in the overall MetS score. Mexican migrants living in the United States experience similar patterns to Mexicans living in Mexico in glucose and obesity biomarkers. These results...
FIGURES
View articletitled, SES <span class="search-highlight">Gradients</span> Among Mexicans in the United States and in Mexico: A New Twist to the Hispanic Paradox? View PDF for article titled, SES <span class="search-highlight">Gradients</span> Among Mexicans in the United States and in Mexico: A New Twist to the Hispanic Paradox?
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article

Technological innovation and inequality in health

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Sherry Glied, Adriana Lleras-Muney
Demography (2008) 45 (3): 741–761.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/dem.0.0017
Published: 01 August 2008
... advances that improve health. We test this hypothesis using data on disease-specific mortality rates for 1980 and 1990, and cancer registry data for 1973–1993. We estimate education gradients in mortality using compulsory schooling as a measure of education. We then relate these gradients to two measures...
View articletitled, Technological innovation and inequality in health View PDF for article titled, Technological innovation and inequality in health
Journal Article

Cause-of-Death Diversity From a Multiple-Cause Perspective in the United States

Open Access
Sergi Trias-Llimós, Iñaki Permanyer
Demography (2023) 60 (1): 73–98.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-10410415
Published: 01 February 2023
... resulted in higher increases in cause-of-death diversity over time compared with merely using underlying causes of death, except for the 85 or more age group, where no difference was observed for males and a reverted gradient was observed for females. Results by educational attainment reveal lower...
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View articletitled, Cause-of-Death Diversity From a Multiple-Cause Perspective in the United States View PDF for article titled, Cause-of-Death Diversity From a Multiple-Cause Perspective in the United States
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article

Trends in Life Expectancy and Lifespan Variation by Educational Attainment: United States, 1990–2010

Open Access
Isaac Sasson
Demography (2016) 53 (2): 269–293.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-015-0453-7
Published: 26 January 2016
...Isaac Sasson Abstract The educational gradient in life expectancy is well documented in the United States and in other low-mortality countries. Highly educated Americans, on average, live longer than their low-educated counterparts, who have recently seen declines in adult life expectancy. However...
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View articletitled, Trends in Life Expectancy and Lifespan Variation by <span class="search-highlight">Educational</span> Attainment: United States, 1990–2010 View PDF for article titled, Trends in Life Expectancy and Lifespan Variation by <span class="search-highlight">Educational</span> Attainment: United States, 1990–2010
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article

The Significance of Education for Mortality Compression in the United States

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Dustin C. Brown, Mark D. Hayward, Jennifer Karas Montez, Robert A. Hummer, Chi-Tsun Chiu ...
Demography (2012) 49 (3): 819–840.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-012-0104-1
Published: 04 May 2012
... the greatest degree of longevity and compression. Results based on the Health and Retirement Study and the National Health Interview Survey Linked Mortality File confirm a strong educational gradient in both longevity and mortality compression. We also find that mortality is more compressed within educational...
FIGURES | View All (5)
View articletitled, The Significance of <span class="search-highlight">Education</span> for Mortality Compression in the United States View PDF for article titled, The Significance of <span class="search-highlight">Education</span> for Mortality Compression in the United States
Journal Article

Later, Fewer, None? Recent Trends in Cohort Fertility in South Korea

Open Access
Jisoo Hwang
Demography (2023) 60 (2): 563–582.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-10585316
Published: 01 April 2023
... education gradient emerged beginning with the 1970s cohort. Copyright © 2023 The Authors 2023 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of a Creative Commons license (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). Low fertility Cohort fertility Childlessness Education gradient South Korea...
FIGURES | View All (5)
View articletitled, Later, Fewer, None? Recent Trends in Cohort Fertility in South Korea View PDF for article titled, Later, Fewer, None? Recent Trends in Cohort Fertility in South Korea
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article

Union Transitions and Fertility Within First Premarital Cohabitations in Canada: Diverging Patterns by Education?

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Laura Wright
Demography (2019) 56 (1): 151–167.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-018-0741-0
Published: 20 November 2018
.... This educational gradient in childbearing in cohabitation and the increasing educational differences in union transitions over time provide support for the diverging destinies thesis in Canada. 30 10 2018 20 11 2018 © Population Association of America 2018 2018 Cohabitation Marriage...
FIGURES
View articletitled, Union Transitions and Fertility Within First Premarital Cohabitations in Canada: Diverging Patterns by <span class="search-highlight">Education</span>? View PDF for article titled, Union Transitions and Fertility Within First Premarital Cohabitations in Canada: Diverging Patterns by <span class="search-highlight">Education</span>?
Includes: Supplementary data