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Consumption Expenditure
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Journal Article
Demography (2000) 37 (2): 155–174.
Published: 01 May 2000
...Mark R. Montgomery; Michele Gragnolati; Kathleen A. Burke; Edmundo Paredes Abstract Very few demographic surveys in developing countries have gathered information on household incomes or consumption expenditures. Researchers interested in living standards therefore have had little alternative...
Journal Article
Demography (2015) 52 (3): 835–860.
Published: 02 May 2015
...Lingxin Hao; Wei-Jun Jean Yeung Abstract As consumption expenditures are increasingly recognized as direct measures of children’s material well-being, they provide new insights into the process of intergenerational transfers from parents to children. Little is known, however, about how parents...
FIGURES
Journal Article
Demography (2010) 47 (1): 163–180.
Published: 01 February 2010
... fixed effects. We find that maternal orphanhood has a permanent adverse impact of 2 cm of final height attainment and one year of educational attainment. Expressing welfare in terms of consumption expenditure, the result is a gap of 8.5% compared with similar children whose mothers survived until...
Journal Article
Demography (2001) 38 (1): 115–132.
Published: 01 February 2001
..., but this gap varies from only 4.6 percentage points in Kerala to 38.2 in Uttar Pradesh and 42.6 in Bihar. 14 1 2011 © Population Association of America 2001 2001 Instrumental Variable Consumption Expenditure Household Wealth Asset Index Poor Quintile References Agrawal , A.N...
Journal Article
Demography (2012) 49 (1): 359–392.
Published: 02 December 2011
..., an almost exclusively private good. In settings in which individually consumed goods are the main component of expenditures, asset indices and per capita consumption yield the least similar results. The asset indicators used in each of these data sets are similar to those in situations in which the asset...
FIGURES
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Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article
Demography (2014) 51 (4): 1225–1249.
Published: 01 July 2014
... secondary education has a significant positive impact on reduction of individual BMI, containment of calorie consumption, and promotion of physical activity. These effects are heterogeneous across genders and distributions. For BMI and calorie expenditure, the effect of education is significant only...
FIGURES
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in The Leverage of Demographic Dynamics on Carbon Dioxide Emissions: Does Age Structure Matter?
> Demography
Published: 17 February 2011
Fig. 2 U.S. profiles of age-specific demand for consumption of a selected group of energy-intensive goods, net of the income effect. Estimates are based on the approach suggested by Mankiw and Weil ( 1989 ) applied to fractions of household expenditures. Data are from the Consumer Expenditure
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Image
Published: 14 May 2018
Fig. 3 Consumption model: Estimation results. In panel a, τ ̂ is the parameter of the consumption model representing the day (from 1 . . . 364) on which consumption returns to its day 1 level. In panel b, ×s and dots show expenditure measured by the survey for two sample households
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Image
in The Leverage of Demographic Dynamics on Carbon Dioxide Emissions: Does Age Structure Matter?
> Demography
Published: 17 February 2011
Fig. 1 U.S. profiles of age-specific demand for consumption of a selected group of energy-intensive goods. Estimates are based on the approach suggested by Mankiw and Weil ( 1989 ). Data are from the Consumer Expenditure Survey, 2003
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Journal Article
Demography (2011) 48 (1): 371–399.
Published: 17 February 2011
...Fig. 2 U.S. profiles of age-specific demand for consumption of a selected group of energy-intensive goods, net of the income effect. Estimates are based on the approach suggested by Mankiw and Weil ( 1989 ) applied to fractions of household expenditures. Data are from the Consumer Expenditure...
FIGURES
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Journal Article
Demography (1980) 17 (3): 243–260.
Published: 01 August 1980
... constraint and that any savings effects are related pri- marily to the age of children (Espenshade, 1975). In a complementary literature, re- searchers have attempted to measure the direct costs of children in terms of the ad- ditional consumption expenditures in- duced by the presence of a child (Espen...
Journal Article
Demography (2013) 50 (4): 1279–1301.
Published: 13 February 2013
... variables are associated with the probability that a Georgian household receives remittances? (2) What effects do remittances have on consumption expenditures and investments in productive, human, and social capital in Georgia? First, we analyze all the households in the sample, including those without...
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article
Demography (2017) 54 (3): 1119–1145.
Published: 08 May 2017
... index of poverty calculated based on household per capita consumption expenditures, for MHHs and FHHs separately, using common measures and methods across countries. The consumption data are converted to country consumer price index–adjusted 2005 purchasing power parity (PPP) dollars, and we use...
FIGURES
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article
Demography (2022) 59 (2): 629–652.
Published: 01 April 2022
... primary occupation was in a nonagricultural setting, annual household income, annual household consumption expenditure, and household wealth 3 —into a single adulthood SES index. Compared with SES in adulthood, the 2011 CHARLS collected rather limited measures of SES in childhood. However, extensive...
FIGURES
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article
Demography (2005) 42 (3): 397–425.
Published: 01 August 2005
... to such research is the lack of data on living standards. Because the DHS program gathers no information on either household incomes or consumption expenditures, measures of poverty that are based on these and similar surveys are limited to what can be fashioned from a few proxy variables, including ownership...
Image
Published: 14 May 2018
Fig. 2 Seasonal consumption of primary food groups. The bar graphs are associated with the left-side vertical axes; the lines are associated with the right-side vertical axes. The bars indicate the average number of different food items in the category consumed per month. The lines are a local
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Journal Article
Demography (2016) 53 (4): 1207–1218.
Published: 28 June 2016
... is estimated each year using a quasi-relative poverty threshold that varies over time with changes in families’ expenditures on a core basket of goods and services, this study explores trends in poverty using an absolute, or anchored, SPM threshold. We believe the anchored measure offers two advantages. First...
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Journal Article
Demography (1984) 21 (4): 435–457.
Published: 01 November 1984
... consumption value involved. It's clear that public ex- penditure on children has a different character than expenditure on the elder- Iy. Expenditure on the elderly is almost exclusively consumption expenditure, in the sense that it does not appreciably affect the future productive capacity of the economy...
Journal Article
Demography (2008) 45 (2): 245–270.
Published: 01 May 2008
... are overwhelmingly more likely to be manual laborers and less likely to own land. Third, the data on the per capita consumption expenditure4 in Table 1 show that dalit and adivasi households have substantially lower per capita expenditure than upper caste Hindus and other religious groups, and Muslims fall...
Journal Article
Demography (1998) 35 (4): 377–389.
Published: 01 November 1998
... and Taeuber 1993). Population aging may affect consumption patterns substan- tially.? Consider, for example, results from the U.S. Con- sumer Expenditure Survey shown in Figure 2. Expenditures on utilities, transportation, and housing have a distinct age pattern, with lower consumption at younger and older...
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