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Journal Article
New Partner, New Order? Multipartnered Fertility and Birth Order Effects on Educational Achievement
Open Access
Demography (2020) 57 (5): 1625–1646.
Published: 15 September 2020
... with all older siblings. This indicates that negative birth order effects tend to operate either within or across sets of full siblings, depending on the sex of the parent displaying multipartnered fertility. We argue that these findings can be explained by a combination of resource dilution/confluence...
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for article titled, New Partner, New Order? Multipartnered Fertility and Birth Order Effects on Educational Achievement
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article
Family Size, Cognitive Outcomes, and Familial Interaction in Stable, Two-Parent Families: United States, 1997–2002
Available to Purchase
Demography (2014) 51 (5): 1895–1931.
Published: 27 September 2014
... resources are diluted in larger families; (2) the confluence hypothesis, which suggests that the intellectual milieu of families is lowered with additional children; and (3) the admixture (“no effect”) hypothesis, which suggests that the negative relationship between family size and achievement...
View articletitled, Family Size, Cognitive Outcomes, and Familial Interaction in Stable, Two-Parent Families: United States, 1997–2002
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for article titled, Family Size, Cognitive Outcomes, and Familial Interaction in Stable, Two-Parent Families: United States, 1997–2002
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article
Birth Order and Mortality: A Population-Based Cohort Study
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Demography (2015) 52 (2): 613–639.
Published: 17 March 2015
... to account for how birth order is related to later life outcomes, including the resource dilution hypothesis (Blake 1981 ), the confluence hypothesis (Zajonc and Markus 1975 ), and the hygiene hypothesis (Strachan 1989 ). Empirical research has shown that birth order is a marker of early-life relative...
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View articletitled, Birth Order and Mortality: A Population-Based Cohort Study
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for article titled, Birth Order and Mortality: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article
Demography (2017) 54 (2): 459–484.
Published: 13 February 2017
... intervals should have negative consequences for children are the resource dilution hypothesis (Blake 1989 ) and the confluence hypothesis (Zajonc 1976 ; Zajonc and Markus 1975 ). The resource dilution hypothesis argues that shorter birth intervals and greater sibling density should lead to worse...
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View articletitled, The Long-Term Cognitive and Socioeconomic Consequences of Birth Intervals: A Within-Family Sibling Comparison Using Swedish Register Data
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for article titled, The Long-Term Cognitive and Socioeconomic Consequences of Birth Intervals: A Within-Family Sibling Comparison Using Swedish Register Data
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article
The Transition to Nonmetropolitan Population Deconcentration
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Demography (1982) 19 (2): 211–221.
Published: 01 May 1982
... in Urban-Rural Migration . New York : Academic Press . Wardwell J.M. , & Gilchrist C.J. ( 1980 ). The Distribution of Population and Energy in Nonmetropolitan Areas: Confluence and Divergence . Social Science Quarterly , 61 , 567 – 580 . Williams J.D. , & Sofranko...
Journal Article
Immigrants in Their Parental Homeland: Half a Million U.S.-born Minors Settle Throughout Mexico
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Demography (2019) 56 (4): 1453–1461.
Published: 10 June 2019
... that the confluence of economic crisis and immigration enforcement drove the migration of U.S.-born minors to Mexico in the second half of the 2000s. The family structures of U.S.-born minors in Mexico complicate our understanding of the intersection of nationality and family. In the case of Mexico–U.S. migration...
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Journal Article
The Effects of Grandparents on Children’s Schooling: Evidence From Rural China
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Demography (2014) 51 (2): 599–617.
Published: 28 February 2014
... and noncoresident grandparents should play a similar role in their grandchildren’s lives. Socioemotionally, children can benefit from grandparents in many ways. According to the confluence model (Zajonc and Markus 1975 ), an influential theory of birth order effects on IQ, children’s intelligence is in part...
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Journal Article
Compensating changes in fertility and mortality
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Demography (1976) 13 (3): 357–368.
Published: 01 August 1976
... of estimating A\. Finally, a variety of compensating fertility and mortality changes is illustrated using data from Japan. INTRODUCTION An important maxim of stable popu- lation theory is that the confluence of any two age-specific schedules of fertility and mortality determines a unique intrinsic rate...
Journal Article
The Changing Impact of Family Size on Adolescents’ Schooling: Assessing the Exogenous Variation in Fertility Using Twins in Brazil
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Demography (2012) 49 (4): 1453–1477.
Published: 19 July 2012
... (Mueller 1984 ). Although this explanation is also in line with the confluence model in which early-born children benefit from mentoring younger siblings (Zajonc and Markus 1975 ), it is in contrast with reports from developed countries where later-born children are better off because of the family stage...
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View articletitled, The Changing Impact of Family Size on Adolescents’ Schooling: Assessing the Exogenous Variation in Fertility Using Twins in Brazil
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for article titled, The Changing Impact of Family Size on Adolescents’ Schooling: Assessing the Exogenous Variation in Fertility Using Twins in Brazil
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article
Demography (2022) 59 (3): 1117–1142.
Published: 01 June 2022
... stimulation ( Zajonc 1976 ). This finding is consistent with the confluence hypothesis , which argues that a child's intellectual development is linked to the degree of stimulation experienced in the household and that the average degree of stimulation experienced is strongly linked to the intellectual...
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View articletitled, Birth Spacing and Health and Socioeconomic Outcomes Across the Life Course: Evidence From the Utah Population Database
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for article titled, Birth Spacing and Health and Socioeconomic Outcomes Across the Life Course: Evidence From the Utah Population Database
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article
Birth Intervals and Health in Adulthood: A Comparison of Siblings Using Swedish Register Data
Open Access
Demography (2018) 55 (3): 929–955.
Published: 21 May 2018
... of birth, and birth year may be associated with birth interval length, and are also associated with long-term health outcomes. We include controls for birth order because both the confluence hypothesis and the resource dilution hypothesis predict independent effects of birth order and birth spacing...
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View articletitled, Birth Intervals and Health in Adulthood: A Comparison of Siblings Using Swedish Register Data
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for article titled, Birth Intervals and Health in Adulthood: A Comparison of Siblings Using Swedish Register Data
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article
Child Underreporting, Fertility, and Sex Ratio Imbalance in China
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Demography (2011) 48 (1): 291–316.
Published: 19 February 2011
... with stopping rules. A third caveat concerns the confluence of stopping rules and daughter preference. Many studies have shown that parents, even those in societies that strongly desire sons, want to have daughters as well. 22 Although parents are most likely to use sex selection to ensure having a son...
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Journal Article
Some demographic and economic correlates of primate cities: A case for revaluation
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Demography (1964) 1 (1): 136–147.
Published: 01 March 1964
..., and other es- been exposed to a market economy and sential municipal services, it is also true are being made more and more aware of that these cities are usually very favor- rational economic considerations. The in- ably located at the confluence of water- habitants of these cities are becoming ways, rail...
Journal Article
Evacuees and Migrants Exhibit Different Migration Systems After the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami
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Demography (2020) 57 (4): 1437–1457.
Published: 19 May 2020
... of the evacuees themselves. It is the confluence of preferences, kin networks, social capital, and governmental responses that shaped destination decisions. The vast majority of evacuations and the governmental responses were voluntary and highly varied. The United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects...
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Journal Article
Population and the invisible hand
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Demography (1986) 23 (4): 473–487.
Published: 01 November 1986
... this connection, with predictable results for fertility behavior. A fourth area has to do with the confluence of demographic change and political institutions that affect the pattern of income redistribution by the state. In a democracy operating on the one-adult, one-vote principle, population aging tends...
Journal Article
Retrospective evidence of a decline of fertility and child mortality in Bangladesh
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Demography (1972) 9 (3): 415–430.
Published: 01 August 1972
... -and a southern portion of Mymen- singh. This area is at the confluence of the major rivers of East Pakistan, the Ganges, J amuna, Brahmaputra, and Meghna. In 1961 the surveyed region contained more than one-fourth of the East Pakistan population, but it has only about one-sixth of the land area. Literacy...
Journal Article
The developmental paradigm, reading history sideways, and family change
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Demography (2001) 38 (4): 449–465.
Published: 01 November 2001
... on both scholars and ordinary people. The paper has two strong theses. First, the confluence of these three elements has dominated the study of family change for centuries, and understanding this confluence is a I *Arland Thornton, Survey Research Center, Population Studies Cen- ter, and Department...
Journal Article
Is the Gene-Environment Interaction Paradigm Relevant to Genome-Wide Studies? The Case of Education and Body Mass Index
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Demography (2014) 51 (1): 119–139.
Published: 27 November 2013
... Vrieze , S. I. , Iacono , W. G. , & McGue , M. ( 2012 ). Confluence of genes, environment, development, and behavior in a post genome-wide association study world . Development and Psychopathology , 24 , 1195 – 1214 . 10.1017/S0954579412000648 Weedon , M. N. , Lango , H...
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Journal Article
Demography (2023) 60 (1): 99–122.
Published: 01 February 2023
... on the social and cultural drivers of helping behaviors in the United States and elsewhere. However, we speculate that age–cohort trends in helping behaviors were likely influenced by a confluence of factors, such as competing leisure interests associated with in-home entertainment options (e.g., TV and other...
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View articletitled, Age and Cohort Trends in Formal Volunteering and Informal Helping in Later Life: Evidence From the Health and Retirement Study
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for article titled, Age and Cohort Trends in Formal Volunteering and Informal Helping in Later Life: Evidence From the Health and Retirement Study
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Article
Late-thirteenth-century Ireland as a region
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Demography (1966) 3 (2): 500–512.
Published: 01 June 1966
... sug- gest a population of about 2,700-3,000. The situation was changed drastically when the Marshall family built a bridge about A.D. 1211 across the Barrow, 15 miles above Waterford and 2 miles below the confluence of the Nore with the Bar- row," at the site of New Ross. This pre- sumably forced...
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