Resumen

Recientemente, ha atraído considerable atención la aparición de una nueva forma de Comunidad. Gottman ha escrito sobre la “megalópolis,” y otros han escriio sobreel desarrollo de “campos urbanos,” términos que reemplazarían a los conceptos tradicionales de “ciudad” y “metropolis.” La creencia que sustenia estos esjuerzos es que una crecienie división intermetropolitana del trabajo, está originando un nuevo tipo de comunidad. Ahora, si fuéramos a entender el proceso de urbanización en una sociedad industrializada, la cual está caracterizada por una constante reducción de las barreras espacio-temporales, parace necesario determinar si en realidad se presenta una nueva forma de comunidad.

Este estudio de la zona metropolitana noresie de los Estados Unidos, utiliza datos censales sobre la composicion industrial de la [uerza del trabajo en 1950 y 1960, y compara la varianza de los cuocientes de localización. en varias industrias con el de la venta de alimentos al por menor, en un esjuerzo para determinar si ha habido una creciente diferenciacion económica. El autor encuentra ligera evidencia de una creciente división intermetropolitana del trabajo y pone en duda la validez de la “megalópolis” como una forma de comunidad.

Summary

Recently, the emergence of a new community form has attracted considerable attention. Gottmann has written of the “megalopolis,” and others have written of the development of “urban fields” which will replace the traditional concepts of “city” and “metropolis.” The belief underlying these efforts is that an increasing intermetropolitan division of labor is bringing about a new type of community. Now, if we are to understand the process of urbanization in an industrialized society which is characterized by constantly shrinking spatio-temporal barriers, it seems necessary to determine if a new community form actually is present.

This study of the metropolitan northeastern portion of the United States utilizes Census data on the industrial composition of the labor force in 1950 and 1960, and compares the variance of location quotients in various industries with that in retail food in an effort to determine whether there has been increasing economic differentiation. The author finds scant evidence of an increasing intermetropolitan division of labor and questions the validity of “megalopolis” as a community form.

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