Summary

Birth rates, marriage rates, and death rates computed on a monthly basis have exhibited relatively stable seasonal patterns over a period of years. Elimination of these seasonal fluctuations facilitates the description and interpretation of month-to-month changes in the underlying trend of the rates. Several methods have recently been developed, using an electronic computer, to identify and remove the seasonal component from time series of monthly data. The methods are basically adaptations of a standard technique—the ratio-to-moving average method—for seasonally adjusting time series.

The application of seasonal adjustment programs by electronic computer to vital statistics yields useful information about their seasonal component and provides a means to estimate the trend of current as well as retrospective data. Seasonally adjusted birth, marriage, and death rates for recent years are shown.

Continuing research should yield better approximations of the trend for birth and marriages and improved methods for isolating the epidemic component of mortality time series.

Resumen

Las tasas de nacimiento, nupcialidad y natalidad computadas mensualmente han demostrado patrones estacionales relativamente estables en un período de varios años. La eliminación de estas fluctuaciones estacionales facilita la descripción e interpretación de cambrios mensuales en las tendencias basicas de las tasas. Recientemente se han desarrollado algunos métodos usando el computador electrónico para identificar y eliminar los componentes estacionales de las series mensuales de datos. Los métodos son básicamente adaptaciones de una técnica estandard para ajustes estacionales de series de tiempo, tales como medias móviles.

La aplicación de programas de ajuste estacional a estadísticas vitales efectuadas por un computador electrónico provee información útil sobre los componentes estacionales y además proporciona un medio para etimar la tendencia, partiendo de los datos actuales y anteriores. Se muestran tasas de nacimiento, nupcilidad y mortalidad para años recientes ajustadas estacionalmente.

Una investigación continuada debe permitir mejores aproximaciones a las tendencias de nacimiento y nupcilidad y mejorar los métodos para aislar los componentes epidémicos en las series de tiempo de la mortalidad.

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