...Eva Patricia Rakel Duke University Press 2009 The Political Elite in the Islamic Republic of Iran: From Khomeini to Ahmadinejad Eva Patricia Rakel hirty years after the Islamic revolution, the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) remains the subject...

...Yasuyuki Matsunaga This article examines the secularization thesis of Iran's faqih -headed revolutionary Islamic state, as put forward by Sa'id Hajjarian (1954–), against the institutional and political developments in the post-Khomeini period. His thesis posited that the religious state...

...Behrooz Moazami Duke University Press 2009 The Islamization of the Social Movements and the Revolution, 1963 –  1979 Behrooz Moazami My religion is my politics, and my politics is my religion. —Ruholla Khomeini his essay ponders the Islamization...

... and challengers that participated in the revolutionary process. It concludes that although segments of Iranian intellectuals and students fought for an Islamic government, the vast majority of the Iranian people never fought for a theocracy, established by Khomeini and his allies. The causes, processes...

... as the meaning of an Islamic state is Khomeini, and other sources, to provide an overview concerned, however, they all share some basic values: of what an Islamic state means to the statesmen of first, that an Islamic state is one that implements the Iran today, and second, to show how in the course...

...  of     29, x Vol. Press repression and death. Finally, Ayatollah Ruholla Khomeini himself presented an ideologically     driven analysis of the Iranian revolution when he remarked: “I cannot and I do...

... of modern world and its secularism, the historically the development of the totally political herme- autonomous Islamic world showed considerable neutics of Islam is frankly expressed in Ayatollah capability in developing a multidimensional cul- Ruholla Khomeini’s...

... the American allowed in America. . . . Today we cannot sim- Embassy claimed to follow the Khomeini line ply remain idle and watch things; today we are (Khatt-i Imam), the supporters of the National facing underground treason, treason devised...

... God's interventions in the space of human history. For Ayatollah Khomeini and his revolutionary followers, the Islamic Republic began as a miracle and matured with divine assistance for the duration of the war with Iraq. In 2022, God returned as an uncertain ally for revolutionaries in the Woman, Life...

... to fight The end of the Iran-­Iraq war with no clear vic- in the war brought an urgent need for the em- tory for either side, the decline of revolutionary ployment of women in both public and private fever, and Ayatollah Ruholla Khomeini’s death...

...Minoo Moallem Copyright 1992: South Asia Bulletin 1992 References Abrahamian , Ervand , 1991 . “Khomeini's Populism”, New Left Review , No. 186 (March/April), pp. 102 –119. Ale-Ahmad , Jalal , 1962 . Garbzadegi , Tehran: Ketab Corp. Alloula , Malek , 1986...

... on the heels of the Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing (1995), as well as a reaction to events occurring in Iran, where Ayatollah Khomeini had recently died and where a new dis- course on gender had begun to emerge. This shift in Iranian gender discourse was monitored and to a certain extent...

..., by the equally universal and world when a satirical “English” novel that takes in In- transcultural attention given practically everywhere dia, England, Islam, Khomeini’s revolution, the East/West divide, immigrant communities and a lot...

...), and to Khomeini’s charismatic personality.* Sabah family in the Kuwait region goes back at least By the early 199Os, however, the rise of fundamental- two centuries. The Hashemite rulers in Jordan had ist movements in the Sunni countries undermined the been rulers of the Hejaz section of the Arabian pen...

... only ever define itself by the history it constantly claimed to make but never really could. 10 There remains however a lingering paradox to someone like Fukuyama having claimed an end to history when the Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini (1900–89) declared over a decade earlier that it had, in fact...

... command of God to a plea of a human, one needs Khomeini, specifically in those early years after the to explore these moments not merely on their own 1979 Revolution. In 1986, for instance, Ali Akbar terms, but also in their relation to one another and Hashemi Rafansjani, one of the most prominent...

... of organization and mobilization, accepting modern prominent Islamic scholars such as Ayatollah Ruhol- political institutions such as parliaments and parties, lah Khomeini (1902-1989), Sayyid Qutb (1906-1966), and a having positive orientation toward change and and Mawlana Mawdudi (1903-1979), among others...

... intervened in the poli- former Ahmad Kasravi, whose works, strongly im- tics of oil nationalization but sided with the Shah 93 against secular nationalists and communists in focus of Khomeini’s opposition was foreign influence the 1953...

... authority ginning of its disintegration, particularly after of the Qajars (1796 – 1925). In this process the the death of Ayatollah Ruholla Khomeini in structure of political power became centralized 1989, hence the emergence of pragmatists, re- and modernized, as did the structure of insti- formists...

... bounded space containing a series of socially embed- of Modern Iran,” Iranian Studies 11 (1978): 259 – 304; 38. Amir Taheri, The Spirit of Allah: Khomeini and the ded networks that are mechanisms for the exchange Skocpol, “Rentier State and Shi’a Islam,” 271; Zahedi, Iranian Revolution (Bethesda, MD...