... border crossing constituted a major point of contention between the Ottoman Empire and Safavid and Qajar Iran. One of the most persistent religio-economic activities of Middle Eastern history, corpse traffic continued almost unabated until the emergence of cholera as a global health threat. The emergence...

... continued to serve as a market for the Central Eurasian horse trade. But as the city's irrigation canals deteriorated and its environs became a swamp, it was visited by repeated outbreaks of cholera and malaria, until the city was abandoned for the nearby shrine town of Mazar-e Sharif in the mid-nineteenth...

... cholera oculation was short-lived; soon Iranians came to ac- in Tabriz, the city’s Prince-Governor, Bahman Mirza, cept the procedure they recognized as being akin to ordered an end to the practice of “temporary vault- the familiar and much-performed practice of variola- ing” of dead bodies, which...

... into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations . 42. Proust, La défense de l'Europe contre le choléra , 427 . 43. Panzac, “Adrien Proust, Marseille et la peste vers 1900,” 47 . 44. “The Dresden Sanitary Conference,” 1007 . 45. “Frontier Precautions,” 1591 . 46...

... a biological gaze to discuss invasion of two formidable epidemics, by the cholera the anatomy of their emerging nation, and alterna- from the East, and from the South by the plague now tively a geographic gaze to discuss the body. The con- dormant in Mesopotamia.” Castaldi therefore recom- nection...

... The first descriptions of diarrhea in the develop- regions of the world in order to assess accurately ing countries date back to 1883, with the third the magnitude and gravity of the problem led to and last cholera world epidemic in Egypt. How- an estimate that 500...

... ijtima‘i va idari-yi dawra-yi Qajariyya (An Account of My Life: A Social and Administrative History of the Qajars) . 3 vols . Tehran : Zuvvar , 2009 . Natiq Huma . Musibat-i vaba va bala-yi hukumat (The Calamity of Cholera and the Crisis of Government) . Tehran : Gustara , 1979...

... paper titled “The Economy until the spread of cholera and malaria in the and Merchants of Safavid Iran: Views from the early nineteenth century precipitated the city’s Khyber Pass,” exploring the incorporation of decline. Nile Green’s essay traces the develop- Iran and South Asia into the early...

... resistance to such initiatives directly fostered opposition to colonialism itself. Attempts to control yellow fever, cholera, plague, and malaria in the Caribbean, Africa, and Asia, for instance, made the peoples of those regions the subject of intense scrutiny for a racialized medicine: disease transmission...

... C. , 1 – 19 . New York : Columbia University Press , 2010 . Mukharji Projit Bihari . “ The ’Cholera Cloud’ in the Nineteenth-Century ’British World’: History of an Object-without-an-essence .” Bulletin of the History of Medicine 86 ( 2012 ): 303 – 32 . O’Hanlon Rosalind...

... that are resistant to cholera and sleeping sickness, so let them work in the plantations. In India, this narrative is recurrent, reclaimed but reversed and exposure to heat, dust, and chronic infections was supposedly providing positive benefits like immunity to COVID. 23 Claims to immunity (by those who have...

... specimens of humanity” and as a “whole race” that should be deported. 20 They were often seen as “fanatics,” understood in psycho-physical terms, which reduced their tolerance to cholera and increased their attraction to political Islam. Yet as I have written elsewhere, “even as fanatics, Indian...

... contestés et civilités urbaines . Paris : Karthala , 2013 . Diouf Mamadou Leichtman Mara , eds. New Perspectives on Islam in Senegal . New York : Palgrave Macmillan , 2009 . Diouf Nafi . “ Cholera Epidemic Spreads in Senegal, Infecting Dozens . Associated Press Worldstream...

... to health statistics, inoculation for smallpox, cholera, and “other diseases” was extended to nearly a million Iraqis. Specifically, smallpox inoculations in 1950 targeted Basra, while in 1951 efforts were concentrated in Ninawa. 79 Despite these efforts, the Health Directorate's budget remained scanty...

... was the primary concern. In discussing theater performing English-language plays did the cholera epidemic, David Arnold writes that involve a level of integration, it was between a “by the early twentieth century it had become European and a Bengali elite. Both made up...

... in a weak position to negotiate favorable contracts. To tuberculosis, and cholera, can be derived from the consulta- attract foreign direct investment in the telecommunications tion of medical databases.20 Most diseases in Africa are caused sector, African states must not only commit to a high rate...

.... The tragedies of a cholera epi- Reneé Worringer, ed. demic aboard the Ertuğrul and its subsequent ship- Princeton, NJ: Marcus Wiener, 2007 wreck further allowed the Japanese to demonstrate, 163 pp., $68.95 (cloth), $24.95 (paper) via charity...

.... The tragedies of a cholera epi- Reneé Worringer, ed. demic aboard the Ertuğrul and its subsequent ship- Princeton, NJ: Marcus Wiener, 2007 wreck further allowed the Japanese to demonstrate, 163 pp., $68.95 (cloth), $24.95 (paper) via charity...

.... The tragedies of a cholera epi- Reneé Worringer, ed. demic aboard the Ertuğrul and its subsequent ship- Princeton, NJ: Marcus Wiener, 2007 wreck further allowed the Japanese to demonstrate, 163 pp., $68.95 (cloth), $24.95 (paper) via charity...

.... The tragedies of a cholera epi- Reneé Worringer, ed. demic aboard the Ertuğrul and its subsequent ship- Princeton, NJ: Marcus Wiener, 2007 wreck further allowed the Japanese to demonstrate, 163 pp., $68.95 (cloth), $24.95 (paper) via charity...