... civil politics, radical democracy, and gender ideals, older militarized notions of the Kurdish self, body, and beauty were changing. In a context of heightened visibility within the movement, women active in the Kurdish movement responded by recrafting their femininities, using beautification practices...

... the early 1990s about the existence of an “Islamist Interna- quietly protested arrests and killings associated with the tional” with the organizational, human, financial, and military Kurdish problem). means to threaten secularists, feminists, and democrats...

... or no commemoration of women who went to the war. A relatively new movie called Radde Khoon ( Trace of Blood ), directed by Mohammad Hossein Mahdavian, depicts the terrorist organization of Mujahedin-e Khalq (MEK) of Iran, which moved to Iraq, collaborated with the Iraqi military, and attacked the Western Kurdish...

..., function di erently from their urban In Panahi’s and other directors’ depictions counterparts. Kurdish boys who appear as car- of Iranian children, girls in particular seem to rier “mules” in the bleak, snow- covered coun- be largely invisible. As Lindsey Moore observes: tryside of Ghobadi’s...

... Asia and North Africa today. 12 From the defiant “no concessions” slogan of Morocco's Mamfakinch media collective, to the unwillingness of Kurdish and Algerian women to accept silence regarding their disappeared kin, citizens have adopted the stance of refusal to exact accountability from...

...- hears a lot of Turkish, Kurdish, and Persian dia- larious as strangers, in Stephen Colbert  –   or Jon lects in daily encounters in public spaces. Addi- Stewart  –  style soliloquies, share the most recent tionally, in the past three decades, young male jokes...