... The man who rose to the peak of Bolivian tin mining and became a titan of the industry worldwide was Simón Patiño (1860–1947). He started his career as a low-level commercial operative who struck it rich when he found the mineral vein called La Salvadora (the Savior) near Llallagua. He ended up...

... and tin ore. This history shows how livelihood practices were always already racialized, such that the recent movement of ayllu members into the mines could signify a racial transgression as much as an economic articulation. The chapter concludes by reflecting on the relationship between mining...