... and strictly interpreting eligibility laws, treasury officials rejected many applications, but the impression that the state was abandoning the widows and orphans of national heroes was politically untenable for presidents and legislators. In addition to preserving Spanish regulations that granted pensions...

... Chapter 1 examines how Korean War–era photographs of war orphans come to frame contemporary memory making of the war as the photographs are remediated in contemporary Korean War commemorative events. The narrative of victimhood became a common literary and visual rhetorical device in the decades...

... multiracial children child agency orphans epistolary evidence ...

... Amanda Smith black orphans Ida B. Wells-Barnett ...