... The cyclical creator myth of the Two Twins is, along with various others, common among diverse Guaraní groups. The Guaranís’ religion is based much more on words than on rituals, so much so that some of the first missionaries came to consider them “atheists.” The myth of the Two Twins...

... The Guaraní in the Chaco region put up long-lasting resistance to conquest and colonization. Recurrent hostilities characterized the relations between the Guaraní and the Spanish Crown and, after Independence, the Bolivian state; the region in the eastern part of Charcas, not far from...

... Moratos or Muratos. The Guaraní in the Chaco region put up long-lasting resistance to conquest and colonization. Recurrent hostilities characterized the relations between the Guaraní and the Spanish Crown and, after Independence, the Bolivian state; the region in the eastern part of Charcas, not far...

... Despite the Bolivian state’s weak presence and the ongoing resistance of local indigenous groups, frontier settlement pushed deeper into Guaraní territory in southeastern Bolivia during the nineteenth century. After repeated confrontations with ranchers and landlords and the failure...

... with various others, common among diverse Guaraní groups. The Guaranís’ religion is based much more on words than on rituals, so much so that some of the first missionaries came to consider them “atheists.” The myth of the Two Twins was discovered only at the beginning of the twentieth century and, since...

... perfidy, the defense of threatened territory, and heroism in defeat would become long-lasting themes in Bolivian nationalist discourse. Despite the Bolivian state’s weak presence and the ongoing resistance of local indigenous groups, frontier settlement pushed deeper into Guaraní territory...