... migration reciprocity effigies exploitation ...

... effigy pilgrimage Protestantism spiritism Fulgencio Batista ...

... Cuban Revolution Virgin Mary patron saint effigy streets ...

... In 1951–52, leaders of Cuba’s Catholic Church staged a fifteen-month-long, east-to-west nationwide pilgrimage of the Virgin’s Mambisa effigy that had been venerated by independence soldiers. The Virgin’s trek recalled key moments in Cuban history, particularly the successful 1895–98 east-to-west...

... This chapter relates the accounts of elderly Cuban women of street processions that occurred during religious festivals held before the 1959 Revolution, when they carried an effigy of Cuba’s patron saint, Our Lady of Charity of El Cobre, a local advocation of the Virgin Mary, with them through...

...Martial Streets, 1951–1958 In 1951–52, leaders of Cuba’s Catholic Church staged a fifteen-month-long, east-to-west nationwide pilgrimage of the Virgin’s Mambisa effigy that had been venerated by independence soldiers. The Virgin’s trek recalled key moments in Cuban history, particularly...

..., bartenders, hotel managers, and bouncers. migration reciprocity effigies exploitation ...

... This chapter recaps the historiography of accounts of the finding of the Virgin’s effigy in 1612 in eastern Cuba, and the subsequent seventeenth- and eighteenth-century growth of her cult among Indians and then the enslaved African and black creole miners in El Cobre who constructed her shrines...

... XVI’s 2012 visit to Cuba to celebrate the four-hundredth anniversary of the finding of the Virgin’s effigy occasioned public Masses in the revolutionary plazas of Santiago and Havana. Memorable utterances and performative gestures from previous street events form a ritual repository from which public...

... of the Soul) mirrors the memory of loss as reproduced in Emmett Till’s casket portrait, Deana Lawson’s photographs of the family members of the Emanuel Nine, and Sandra Bland’s social media afterlife. Additionally, Alexandria Smith’s exhibition Monuments to an Effigy and the accompanied collaborative...

...Cuba Profunda, 1612–1927 This chapter recaps the historiography of accounts of the finding of the Virgin’s effigy in 1612 in eastern Cuba, and the subsequent seventeenth- and eighteenth-century growth of her cult among Indians and then the enslaved African and black creole miners in El Cobre...