... findings from experimental studies are converted into best evidence for treatment. That conversion is the first of the four transformations that constitute contemporary medicine. biomedical research randomized controlled trial therapeutics Big Pharma ...

... This chapter examines the explanatory functions and lapses of the maternal mortality ratio, the most commonly used maternal health indicator. Unlike people, metrics can be tracked, graphed, compared across time and space, converted to dollars, inserted into equations, and statistically...

... This chapter turns to the Medicare insurance system, whose reimbursement policies and decisions convert best evidence into available treatments—the second transformation in the chain of health care drivers. Medicare reimbursement decisions organize the next two transformations in the chain...

... and heroicization, which, the author argues, constitutes the sociological operation that converts them into primitive national origins against and upon which Brazilian histories are written in the Pelourinho of the 1990s. In doing so, the chapter moves to the late 1960s and early 1970s and the establishment of IPAC...

... This chapter explores the ways that technology has changed the way sounds are made and experienced. Technological effects are broken into seven basic categories: capture, or the use of microphones to gather and convert sonic vibrations for immediate retransmission or for fixation on a medium...

...” medicine. Through them, research findings from experimental studies are converted into best evidence for treatment. That conversion is the first of the four transformations that constitute contemporary medicine. biomedical research randomized controlled trial therapeutics Big Pharma...

... and encouraging Parsi migration from rural areas to the city, Jerbai's communal beneficence came from partially disinheriting two of her sons, who had converted to Christianity. Her descendants are now in a battle over the management of her charitable gifts with the BPP. The chapter will examine how the trust...

... of the film’s transnational production, it functions as a kind of MOD of emerging Korea-China relations. The chapter argues that the anxieties of Korea-China economic relations get converted into affective terms in both the film and the MOD, emerging as provisional feelings , intensifications of affect based...

... During the presidential administration of Porfirio Díaz (1876–80; 1884–1911), Mexican forests became fully commodified, that is, converted from “natural landscapes” into commodities that could be bought, transformed into lumber. Railroads and mining financed by United States investors were...

..., and doctors and other professionals are now financializing their “social capital” by converting their networks of friends and acquaintances into cash and other prizes. As their houses fill with accounting paperwork, sociality and imaginings of political futures are transformed in hard-to-account-for ways...

... governments and institutions skillfully utilize their power to convert farmlands to constructed lands for various kinds of industrial and commercial development, projects deemed necessary for sustaining local operating budgets. In this paper I analyze three case studies of Chinese “eco-city” development...

... The Andean mountains were long considered colossal physical barriers, their altitude and rugged landscape being seen as serious obstacles to human development. Nevertheless, Andean civilizations creatively converted these apparently adverse topographical and climatic conditions into advantages...

... were arrested and imprisoned for years (and eventually exonerated), merges with the response of one of the sons whose name is similar to one of the arrested boys; a close friend who is a converted Jewish woman and a rabbi leads a yearly seder occasioning the writer’s contemplation of her own secular...

...Getting Good Numbers This chapter examines the explanatory functions and lapses of the maternal mortality ratio, the most commonly used maternal health indicator. Unlike people, metrics can be tracked, graphed, compared across time and space, converted to dollars, inserted into equations...

... of contemporary life derives, it argues, from the ongoing project of colonization, a history of enclosures converting not only land but skill and knowledge into environments and economic externalities. It argues that human populations are in the first instance defined by their alienation from nature. The density...

...-century anticolonial U.S. revolutionary rhetoric. Together, these European imputations of indigenous humanity facilitated the continued conquest of America in radically different terms. In this chapter I argue that Spanish colonists figured the Indian as potential friend and convert, while Anglo-American...

..., but the surviving old and knotted plants known as awicha (grandmother) are left standing. When coca leaves are harvested three times a year, they go through a drying process that likens them to the dead, who are converted from foul-smelling corpses into beneficial ancestors, like the sacred mummified bodies...