... mediated wars visual activism humanitarian affect Napoleonic wars integrated spectacle ...

... a literary genealogy of wartime from the Napoleonic era to the present and illuminates the aesthetic purchase of war (and its technologies) as a shaper of distinct literary imaginaries: the sentimental, the humanitarian, the panoptic, and the spectacular. mediated wars visual activism humanitarian...

... a literary genealogy of wartime from the Napoleonic era to the present and illuminates the aesthetic purchase of war (and its technologies) as a shaper of distinct literary imaginaries: the sentimental, the humanitarian, the panoptic, and the spectacular. mediated wars visual activism humanitarian...

... Haiti revolution Spanish American wars of independence Simón Bolívar Alexandre Pétion Napoleon Spanish Caribbean Venezuela Jamaica ...

...Trials of the Young Republic Napoleon’s invasion of Spain in 1807 and the toppling of the Bourbon monarchy removed the primary factor that had given legitimacy and cohesion to the Spanish colonial system—the Crown. The early nineteenth century in Mexico would be characterized by government...

... This chapter begins with a description of the context prior to independence: the experience of the British invasions in Buenos Aires, the revolutionary wave in Europe, and the crisis in Spain following Napoleon’s invasion. Next it outlines the alternatives facing the revolution in Buenos Aires...

... for both cases what Bolívar expected to get and what he actually achieved on both islands. The final section explains the political and ideological foundations of Bolívar’s expectations. Haiti revolution Spanish American wars of independence Simón Bolívar Alexandre Pétion Napoleon Spanish...

... mined by slaves became a key export. It explores the persistence of those ties as gold waned, sugar revived, and Britain escorted the Portuguese monarchy to Rio in the face of Napoleon’s Iberian invasion. Brazil’s wealth funded Britain years of war. When the king returned to Lisbon, his son Dom Pedro...

... New Spain produced rising flows of silver to become a dynamic center of global trades in the eighteenth century, socially stable as polarities deepened. Napoleon’s 1808 Spanish invasion cracked imperial sovereignty; in 1810 political and popular insurgencies exploded in the Bajío, the leading...

... wars of independence Simón Bolívar Alexandre Pétion Napoleon Spanish Caribbean Venezuela Jamaica Following key military victories in the early 1820s, Simón Bolívar and many other founding fathers embarked on a nation-building process that had at its heart the goal of establishing a republic...

... as gold waned, sugar revived, and Britain escorted the Portuguese monarchy to Rio in the face of Napoleon’s Iberian invasion. Brazil’s wealth funded Britain years of war. When the king returned to Lisbon, his son Dom Pedro in 1822 proclaimed a Brazilian monarchy tied to Britain and sustained by sugar...

... the rise of European power and prosperity. The chapter emphasizes the mix of wars and popular insurgencies after 1790—notably the risings in Saint Domingue and the Bajío region of New Spain—that assaulted the first global system. Revolutionary Haitian slaves ended plantation production, claimed the land...

... planters met by expanding plantations worked by enslaved laborers onto lands taken from native peoples and, in Texas, from Mexico. Amid wars after 1808, new industries rose in the Northeast, depending on southern cotton while competing with British industries. Meanwhile, farmers pushed across...

..., the military superiority of Spanish forces in the field, and the suffering sustained by the city’s residents. He depicts his Indian adversaries as cruel and savage, yet cannot fail to marvel at their valor and tenacity in battle. After the protracted war, Brigadier Segurola was made the first intendant...