... Grassroots activism was a critical part of the context that influenced Huey Newton and Bobby Seale and the men and women who would join the BPP. This chapter focuses on local working-class activism in the black community and the relationships and networks among activists. Organizations like...

... to the party’s demise. It traces the reassertion of masculism in the BPP, the breakdown of the collective structure, and the slow strangulation of community programs after Newton returned to the helm of the organization in 1977. It considers organizational reasons for the Panthers’ demise, as well as changes...

.... In response to repression and to meet the needs of local communities, the Panthers created community service programs. These programs thrust them into the hearts of poor black communities and provided key ways for ordinary people to support their political work. Peace and Freedom Party Bill Jennings...

... daʿwa adab Black Panther Party Oakland Nation of Islam ...

... The introduction looks at the larger impact that the movement of Black Power had on U.S. society and the problems of enduring poverty that remain. It argues that the Black Panther Party both embodied Black Power and stretched it to its limits with its international activism, interracial...