This chapter further expands the boundaries of the memorial to consider educational programs in the form of teacher workshops organized or coorganized by the author each summer for seven years with grants from the National Endowment for the Humanities. Given sponsorship from a federal agency, the workshop lectures and discussions also became subjects for discussion and debate about what should or should not be included in teaching Pearl Harbor history. One of the early points of contention was the inclusion of Hawaiian political history, particularly the history of the expansion of U.S. empire in the Pacific, which included incorporation of...