Book Chapter
Prologue: Catchers of the Living
-
Published:February 2024
This content is made freely available by the publisher. It may not be redistributed or altered. All rights reserved.
The prologue connects the histories of temporary migration of African soldiers to Europe during World War I with the migration from Africa to Europe in the present. It discusses the absence of memories and records of the earlier migration in European historiographies. It then examines the history and nature of the Lautarchiv (sound archive) at Humboldt University in Berlin, where recordings of African soldiers and civilians, made in the early twentieth century, are held, and suggests that we understand the speakers on the recordings as the makers of the Lautarchiv. In Fragment I, Samba Diallo, a soldier from Bougounie in French Sudan (now Mali), sings in Bamanakan of the war as “the catcher of the living.”
This content is only available as PDF.
References
Abbink
, Jon
. 2003
. “Somali Dervishes, Moryaan and Freedom Fighters: Cycles of Rebellion and the Fragmentation of Somali Society, 1900–2000
.” In Rethinking Resistance: Revolt and Violence in African History
, edited by Jon
Abbink
, Miriam E.
de Bruijn
, and Klaas
van Walraven
, 238
–66
. Leiden
: Brill
.
Abu-Lughod
, Lila
, and Catherine
Lutz
. 1990
. “Introduction: Emotion, Discourse and the Politics of Everyday Life
.” In Language and the Politics of Emotion
, edited by Lila
Abu-Lughod
and Catherine
Lutz
, 1
–23
. Melbourne
: Cambridge University Press
.
Afelevo
, Stefan H. Kwadzo
, and Diedrich
Westermann
. 1930
. “Ein Bericht über den Yehwekultus der Ewe
.” Mitteilungen des Seminars für Orientalische Sprachen an der Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin
33
: 1
–55
.Ajotikar
, Rasika
, and Eva Maria Alexandra
van Straaten
. 2021
. “Postcolonial Sound Archives: Challenges and Potentials; an Introduction
.” World of Music
10
(1
): 5
–20
.Andrzejewski
, B. W.
2011
. “The Literary Culture of Somali People
.” Journal of African Cultural Studies
23
(1
): 9
–17
.Ankermann
, Bernhard
. 1914
. Anleitung zum ethnographischen Beobachten und Sammeln
. Berlin
: Georg Reimer
.
Apoh
, Wazi
. 2020
. “ ‘If Suitable Enforce the Death Penalty’: German Solution to Facilitating Colonial Rule in Kete-Krachi
.” In Jenseits von Dichotomien/Beyond Dichotomies: Aspekte von Geschichte, Gender, und Kultur in Afrika und Europa/Aspects of History, Gender and Culture in Africa and Europe
, edited by Samuel
Ntewusu
and Nina
Paarmann
, 443
–66
. Berlin
: Lit
.
Arich-Gerz
, Bruno
, and Christian
Effing
. 2017
. Geheimsprachen: Geschichte und Gegenwart verschlüsselter Kommunikation
. Wiesbaden
: Marix
.
Bakonzi
, Agayo
. 1982
. “The Goldmines of Kilo-Moto in Northeastern Zaire: 1905–1960
.” PhD diss., University of Wisconsin–Madison
.Bank
, Andrew
. 2006
. Bushmen in a Victorian World: The Remarkable Story of the Bleek-Lloyd Collection of Bushman Folklore
. Cape Town
: Double Storey
.
Banti
, Giorgio
, and Francesco
Giannattasio
. 1996
. “Music and Metre in Somali Poetry
.” In Voice and Power: The Culture of Language in North-East Africa; Essays in Honor of B. W. Andrzejewsky
, edited by R. J.
Hayward
and I. M.
Lewis
, 83
–127
. London
: School of Oriental and African Studies
.
Barnes
, Cedric
. 2006
. “Gubo—Ogadeen Poetry and the Aftermath of the Dervish Wars
.” Journal of African Cultural Studies
18
(1
): 105
–17
.Barthes
, Roland
. 1979
. Was singt mir, der ich höre in meinem Körper das Lied
. Translated by Peter
Geble
. Berlin
: Merve
.
Baumann
, Max Peter
. 1997
. “Preface: Hearing and Listening in Cultural Context
.” In “Cultural Concepts of Hearing and Listening
.” Special issue, World of Music
39
(2
): 3
–8
.Bechhaus-Gerst
, Marianne
. 2003
. Die koloniale Begegnung: AfrikanerInnen in Deutschland 1880–1945—Deutsche in Afrika 1880–1918
. Frankfurt
: Peter Lang
.Benjamin
, Walter
. [1932] 1978
. Reflections: Essays, Aphorisms, Biographical Writings
. Translated by Edmund
Jephcott
. New York
: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich
.
Berner
, Margit
. 2003
. “Die ‘rassenkundlichen’ Untersuchungen der Wiener Anthropologen in Kriegsgefangenenlagern 1915–1918
.” Zeitgeschichte
30
(11
): 124
–36
.Berner
, Margit
. 2004
.“Rassenforschung an kriegsgefangenen Schwarzen
.” In Zwischen Charleston und Stechschritt: Schwarze im Nationalsozialismus
, edited by Peter
Martin
and Christine
Alonzo
, 605
–13
. Munich
: Dölling und Galitz
.
Berner
, Margit
. 2010
. “Large-Scale Anthropological Surveys in Austria-Hungary, 1871–1918
.” In Doing Anthropology in Wartime and War Zones: World War I and the Cultural Sciences in Europe
, edited by Reinhard
Johler
, Christian
Marchetti
, and Monique
Scheer
, 233
–54
. Bielefeld
: Transcript
. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/3a8e/448bb8e61d4652ff1d3d1af47ccf57358fa7.pdf.Berner
, Margit
, Anette
Hoffmann
, and Britta
Lange
, eds. 2011
. Sensible Sammlungen: Aus dem anthropologischen Depot
. Hamburg
: Philo Fine Arts
.
Bijsterveld
, Karin
. 2008
. Mechanical Sound Technology, Culture, and Public Problems of Noise in the Twentieth Century
. Cambridge, MA
: MIT Press
.Bijsterveld
, Karin
. 2015
. “Beyond Echoic Memory
.” Public Historian
37
(4
): 7
–13
.Birdsall
, Carolyn
. 2012
. Nazi Soundscapes: Sound, Technology and Urban Space in Germany, 1933–1945
. Amsterdam
: Amsterdam University Press
.
Birdsall
, Carolyn
, and Viktoria
Tkaczyk
. 2019
. “Listening to the Archive: Sound Data in the Humanities and Sciences
.” Technology and Culture
60
(2S
): S1
–S13
. https://doi.org/10.1353/tech.2019.0061.Boas
, Franz
. 1911
. Handbook of American Indian Languages, Part I.
Washington, DC
: Government Printing Office
.
Bose
, Fritz
. 1943/44
. “Klangstile als Rassenmerkmale
.” Zeitschrift für Rassenkunde
14
: 78–97
, 208
–24
.Bourdieu
, Pierre
. 1991
. Language and Symbolic Power
. Translated by Gino
Raymond
and Matthew
Adamson
. Cambridge
: Polity
.
Brady
, Erika
. 1999
. A Spiral Way: How the Phonograph Changed Ethnography
. Jackson
: University Press of Mississippi
.
Britton
, Celia
. 1999
. Edouard Glissant and Postcolonial Theory: Strategies of Language and Resistance
. Charlottesville
: University of Virginia Press
.
Bronfman
, Alejandra
. 2016
. Isle of Noise: Media in the Caribbean
. Chapel Hill
: University of North Carolina Press
.
Brosens
, Griet
. 2013
. Congo aan den Yser: De 32 Congolese soldaten van het Belgisch leger in de Eerste Wereldoorlog
. Amsterdam
: Manteau
.
Bull
, Michael
, and Marcel
Cobussen
, eds. 2020
. The Bloomsbury Handbook of Sonic Methodologies
. New York
: Bloomsbury
.
Burkard
, Benedikt
, and Céline
Lebret
, eds. 2015
. Gefangene Bilder: Wissenschaft und Propaganda im Ersten Weltkrieg
. Frankfurt
: Michael Imhoff
.Cavarero
, Adriana
. 2007
. “For More Than One Voice
.” In Voice and Void
, edited by Thomas
Trummer
, 44
–57
. Ridgefield
: Aldrich Contemporary Art Museum
.
Césaire
, Aimé
. [1959] 2017
. Über den Kolonialismus
. Translated and with an introduction by Heibert
Becker
. Berlin
: Alexander
.
Césaire
, Aimé
. 1990
. Lyric and Dramatic Poetry
1946
–82
. Charlottesville
: University of Virginia Press
.
Chela
, Efemia
. 2018
. “‘Kasala for Myself’: New Jazz-Suffused Poetry from Fiston Mwanza Mujila Featured in Asymptote, in English and French
.” Johannesburg Review of Books
, August 6, 2018
, https://johannesburgreviewofbooks.com/2018/08/06/kasala-for-myself-new-jazz-suffused-poetry-from-fiston-mwanza-mujila-featured-in-asymptote-in-english-and-french/.Chernoff
, John
. 1997
. “Hearing in West African Idioms
.” In “Cultural Concepts of Hearing and Listening.” Special issue, World of Music
39
(2
): 19
–25
.Cohen
, Israel
. 1917
. The Ruhleben Prison Camp: A Record of Nineteen Months’ Internment
. London
: Methuen
.
Das
, Santanu
, ed. 2011a
. Race, Empire and First World War Writing
. Cambridge
: Cambridge University Press
.
Descamps
, Cyr
, Françoise
Descamps
, Pierre
Rosière
, and Guy
Thilmans
, eds. 2014
. Tirailleurs sénégalais: Témoignages épistolaires, 1914–1919
. Dakar
: Éditions des Centaure
.
Deumert
, Ana
, and Nkululeko
Mabandla
. 2018
. “Beyond Colonial Linguistics: The Dialectics of Control and Resistance in the Standardization of isiXhosa
.” In Standardizing Minority Languages: Competing Ideologies of Authority and Authenticity in the Global Periphery
, edited by Pia
Lane
, James
Costa
, and Haley
de Korne
, 200
–221
. New York
: Routledge
.
Deumert
, Ana
, Anne
Storch
, and Nick
Shepherd
, eds. 2020
. Colonial and Decolonial Linguistics: Knowledges and Epistemes
. Oxford
: Oxford University Press
.
Deutsches Historisches Museum
, ed. 2016
. Deutscher Kolonialismus: Fragmente seiner Geschichte und Gegenwart
. Darmstadt
: Theiss
.Diallo
, Bakary
, and Lamine
Senghor
. 2021
. White War, Black Soldiers: Two African Accounts of World War I
. Translated by Nancy
Erber
and William
Peniston
. Edited and with an introduction and annotations by George
Robb
. Indianapolis
: Hackett
.
Doegen
, Wilhelm
. 1909
. Doegens Unterrichtshefte für die selbstständige Erlernung fremder Sprachen mit Hilfe der Lautschrift und der Sprechmaschine.
Berlin
: O
. Schwartz.
Doegen
, Wilhelm
. 1918
. “Denkschrift über die Errichtung eines ‘Deutschen Lautamtes’ in Berlin
.” Unpublished manuscript. Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin. https://soundandscience.de/node/912.Doegen
, Wilhelm
. 1925
. Unter fremden Völkern: Eine neue Völkerkunde
. Berlin
: Otto Stollberg
.
Doegen
, Wilhelm
. 1941
. Unsere Gegener, damals und heute: Engländer und Franzosen mit ihren fremdrassigen Hilfsvölkern in der Heimat, an der Front und in deutscher Gefangenschaft im Weltkriege und im jetzigen Kriege; Großdeutschlands koloniale Sendung.
Berlin
: O. F. Huebner
.Dolar
, Mladen
. 2007
. “Six Lessons in Voice and Meaning
.” In Voice and Void
, edited by Thomas
Trummer
, 28
–44
. Ridgefield, CT
: Aldrich Contemporary Art Museum
.
Dreesbach
, Anne
. 2005
. Gezähmte Wilde: Die Zuschaustellung exotischer Menschen in Deutschland 1870–1940
. Frankfurt
: Campus
.Eickstedt
, Egon
. 1921
. “Rassenelement der Sikh
.” Zeitschrift für Ethologie
52
: 317
–94
.Ellison
, Wallace
. 1918
. Escaped! Adventures in German Captivity
. Edinburgh
: W. Blackwood and Sons
.
Erlmann
, Veit
. 1995
. Nightsong: Performance, Power, and Practice in South Africa
. Chicago
: University of Chicago Press
.
Erlmann
, Veit
. 2010
. Reason and Resonance: A History of Modern Aurality
. Cambridge, MA
: Zone
.
Errington
, Joseph
. 2008
. Linguistics in a Colonial World: A Story of Language, Meaning, and Power
. Malden, MA
: Blackwell
.
Eschenberg
, Myron
. 1991
. Colonial Conscripts: The Tirailleurs Sénégalais in French West Africa, 1857–1960
. London
: Portsmouth
.
Esselborn
, Stefan
. 2018
. Die Afrikaexperten: Das Internationale Afrikainstitut und die europäische Afrikanistik, 1926–1976
. Göttingen
: Vandenhoek und Ruprecht
.Evans
, Andrew D.
2002
. “Capturing Race: Anthropology and Photography in German and Austrian Prisoner-of-War Camps during World War I
.” In Colonialist Photography: Imag(in)ing Race and Place
, edited by Eleanor M.
Hight
and Gary D.
Sampson
, 226
–56
. London
: Routledge
.
Evans
, Andrew D.
2003
. “Anthropology at War: Racial Studies of POWs during World War I
.” In Worldly Provincialism: German Anthropology in the Age of Empire
, edited by H. Glenn
Penny
and Matti
Bunzl
, 198
–229
. Ann Arbor
: University of Michigan Press
.
Evans
, Andrew D.
2010a
. “Science behind the Lines: The Effect of World War I on Anthropology in Germany
.” In Doing Anthropology in Wartime and War Zones: World War I and the Cultural Sciences in Europe
, edited by Reinhard
Johler
, Christian
Marchetti
, and Monique
Scheer
, 99
–122
. Bielefeld
: Transcript
.
Evans
, Andrew D.
2010b
. Anthropology at War: World War I and the Science of Race in Germany
. Chicago
: University of Chicago Press
.
Fanon
, Frantz
. 1965
. A Dying Colonialism
. Translated by Haakon
Chevalier
. New York
: Monthly Review
.
Fayola
, Toyin
. 2016
. “Ritual Archives
.” Lecture presented at the Thabo Mbeki African Leadership Institute, October 27, 2016. YouTube, 1 hr 5 min, accessed June 7, 2023. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LAQzPR_5zpg.Feld
, Steven
. 1996
. “Waterfalls of Song: An Acoustemology of Place in Bosavi, Papua New Guinea
.” In Senses of Place
, edited by Steven
Feld
and Keith H.
Basso
, 92
–137
. Santa Fe, NM
: School of American Research Press
.
Feld
, Steven
. 2015
.“Acoustemology
.” In Keywords in Sound
, edited by David
Novak
and Matt
Sakakeeny
, 12
–22
. Durham, NC
: Duke University Press
.
Felderer
, Brigitte
. 2004
. Phonorama: Eine Kulturgeschichte der Stimme als Medium
. Berlin
: Matthes and Seitz
.
Fogarty
, Richard S.
2008
. Race and War in France: Colonial Subjects in the French Army, 1914–1918
. Baltimore, MD
: Johns Hopkins University Press
.
Fogarty
, Richard S.
2014
. “Out of North Africa: Contested Visions of French Muslim Soldiers during World War I
.” In Empires in World War I: Shifting Frontiers and Imperial Dynamics in a Global Conflict
, edited by Andrew Tait
Jarboe
and Richard S.
Fogarty
, 136
–58
. London
: I. B. Tauris
.
Förster
, Larissa
. 2010
. “Nichts gewagt, nichts gewonnen: Die Ausstellung ‘Anders zur Welt kommen. Das Humboldt-Forum im Schloß: Ein Werkstattblick.’
” Paideuma
56
: 241
–61
.Foucault
, Michel
. 1967
. “Lives of Infamous Men
.” In Power
. Vol. 3
, The Essential Works of Michel Foucault, 1954–1988
, edited by James D.
Faubion
, translated by Robert
Hurley
, 157
–75
. New York
: New Press
.
Foucault
, Michel
. [1972] 1996
. Die Ordnung des Diskurses
. Translated by Walter
Seitter
. Frankfurt
: Fischer
.Frobenius
, Leo
. 1916
. Der Völkerzirkus unserer Feinde
. Foreword by Leo
Frobenius
. Berlin
: Eckart
.
Frobenius
, Leo
, and H. F.
von Freytag-Loringhoven
. [ca. 1925]. Deutschlands Gegner im Weltkrieg
. Berlin-Grunewald
: Hermann Klemm
.Garcia
, Miguel A.
2017
. “Sound Archives under Suspicion
.” In Historical Sources of Ethnomusicology in Contemporary Debate
, edited by Susanne
Ziegler
, Ingrid
Akesson
, Gerda
Lechleitner
, and Susana
Gardo
, 10
–20
. Cambridge
: Cambridge Scholars
.
Gehrmann
, Petra
. 2006
. “Die Wiederholungsstimme: Über die Strafe der Echo
.” In Stimme
, edited by Doris
Kolesch
and Sybille
Krämer
, 85
–111
. Frankfurt: Suhrkamp.Gerhardt
, Ludwig
. 2004
. “Afrikanistische Forschung: Die Geschichte einer Kontinuität
.” In Zwischen Charleston und Stechschritt: Schwarze im Nationalsozialismus
, edited by Christine
Alonzo
and Peter
Martin
, 434
–50
. Munich
: Dölling und Galitz
.
Gilroy
, Paul
. 1993
. The Black Atlantic: Modernity and Double Consciousness
. London
: Verso
.
Gitelman
, Lisa
. 2004
. “Recording Sound, Recording Race, Recording Property
.” In Hearing History: A Reader
, edited by Mark M.
Smith
, 279
–94
. Athens
: University of Georgia Press
.
Glissant
, Édouard
. 2010
. Poetics of Relation
. Translated by Betsy
Wing
. Ann Arbor
: University of Michigan Press
.
Grabert
, Werner
. 1913
. “Untersuchungen an Herero- und Hottentotten-Kehlköpfen
.” Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Anthropologie
16
(1
): 65
–94
.Grierson
, George Abraham
, comp. and ed. 1903–28. Linguistic Survey of India
, 11
vols. Calcutta
: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing
. https://dsal.uchicago.edu/books/lsi/.Guha
, Ranajit
. 1987
. “Chandra's Death
.” In Subaltern Studies V: Writings on South Asian History and Society
, edited by Ranajit
Guha
, 135
–65
. Delhi
: Oxford University Press
.
Gusinde
, Martin
. 1948
. Urwaldmenschen am Ituri: Anthropo-biologische Forschungsergebnisse bei Pygmäen und Negern im östlichen Belgisch-Kongo aus den Jahren 1934–35
. Vienna
: Springer
.
Guthmann
, Johannes
. 1920
. Scherz und Laune: Max Slevogt und seine Gelegenheitsarbeiten
. Berlin
: Paul Cassirer
.
Hamilton
, Carolyn
. 2011
. “Backstory, Biography, and the Life of the James Stuart Archive
.” History in Africa
38
: 319
–41
.Hamilton
, Carolyn
. 2013
. “Forged and Continually Refashioned in the Crucibles of Ongoing Social and Political Life: Archives and Custodial Practices as Subjects of Inquiry
.” South African Historical Journal
65
(1
): 1
–22
.Hamilton
, Carolyn
, Verne
Harris
, Jane
Taylor
, Michele
Pickover
, Graeme
Reid
, and Razia
Saleh
, eds. 2002
. Refiguring the Archive
. Cape Town
: David Philip
.
Hamilton
, Carolyn
, and Nessa
Leibhammer
. 2014
. “Salutes, Labels, and Other Archival Artefacts
.” In Uncertain Curature: In and Out of the Archive
, edited by Carolyn
Hamilton
and Pippa
Skotnes
, 155
–88
. Johannesburg
: Jacana
.
Haraway
, Donna
. 2016
. Staying with the Trouble: Making Kin in the Chthulucene
. Durham, NC
: Duke University Press
.
Harrison
, Rodney
, Sarah
Byrne
, and Anne
Clarke
. 2013
. Reassembling the Collection: Ethnographic Museums and Indigenous Agency
. Santa Fe, NM
: School of American Research Press
.
Heepe
, Martin
. 1920
. Die Komorendialekte Ngazidja, Nzwani und Mwali
. Hamburg
: Hamburger Institut für Kolonialsprachen
.
Heinitz
, Wilhelm
. 1941
. “Rassische Merkmale an afrikanischem Musikgut
.” Zeitschrift für Rassenkunde und die gesamte Forschung am Menschen
12
: 9
–19
.Heller-Roazen
, Daniel
. 2005
. Echolalien: Über das Vergessen von Sprache.
Translated by Michael
Bischoff
. Frankfurt
: Suhrkamp
.Heller-Roazen
, Daniel
. 2013
. Dark Tongues: The Art of Rogues and Riddlers
. New York
: Zone
.
Hermann
, E.
[1945] 1976
. “Schallsignalsprachen in Melanesien und Africa” (1945). Part 1
. In Speech Surrogates: Drum and Whistle Systems
, edited by Thomas A.
Sebeok
and Donna Jean
Umiker-Sebeok
, 62
–118
. The Hague
: Mouton
.
Hiddleston
, J.
2007
. “Spivak's Echo: Theorizing Otherness and the Space of Response
.” Textual Practice
21
(4
): 623
–40
.Hilden
, Irene
. 2015
. “Die (Un)möglichkeit Subalterner Artikulation: Zu den Tonaufnahmen aus deutschen Kriegsgefangenenlagern des Ersten Weltkriegs
.” MA thesis, Humboldt University
, Berlin
.Hilden
, Irene
. 2021
. “Collective Listening: Tracing Colonial Sounds in Postcolonial Berlin
.” In The Minor on the Move: Doing Cosmopolitanisms
, edited by Kylie
Crane
, Lucy
Glasser
, Sara Morais
dos Santos Bruss
, and Anna von
Rath
, 200
–223
. Münster
: Edition Assemblage
.
Hilden
, Irene
. 2022
. Absent Presences in the Colonial Archive: Dealing with the Berlin Sound Archive's Acoustic Legacies
. Leuven
: Leuven University Press
.
Hilden
, Irene
, Harriet
Merrow
, and Andrei
Zavadski
. 2021
. “Present Imperfect, Future Intense: The Digital Opening of the Humboldt Forum
.” Boas Blog DCNtR
, March 3, 2021
. https://boasblogs.org/dcntr/present-imperfect-future-intense.Hirschkind
, Charles
. 2006
. The Ethical Soundscape: Cassette Sermons and Islamic Counterpublics
. New York
: Columbia University Press
.
Hochschild
, Adam
. 1999
. King Leopold's Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror, and Heroism in Colonial Africa
. London
: Macmillan
.
Hoehne
, Markus
. 2016
. “Dervish State (Somali)
.” In The Encyclopedia of Empire
, edited by John M.
Mackenzie
, 1
–2
. Chichester
: John Wiley and Sons
.
Hoffmann
, Anette
. 2009a
. “Widerspenstige Stimmen—Unruly Voices
.” In What We See: Reconsidering an Anthropometrical Collection: Images, Voices and Versioning
, edited by Anette
Hoffmann
, 22
–58
. Basel
: Basler Afrika Bibliographien
.
Hoffmann
, Anette
. 2009b
. “Finding Words (of Anger)
.” In What We See: Reconsidering an Anthropometrical Collection: Images, Voices and Versioning
, edited by Anette
Hoffmann
, 114
–45
. Basel
: Basler Afrika Bibliographien
.
Hoffmann
, Anette
. 2011a
. “Glaubwürdige Inszenierungen: Die Produktion von Abformungen in der Polizeistation von Keetmanshoop im August 1931
.” In Sensible Sammlungen: Aus dem anthropologischen Depot
, edited by Margit
Berner
, Anette
Hoffmann
, and Britta
Lange
, 61
–88
. Hamburg
: Philo Fine Arts
.
Hoffmann
, Anette
. 2011b
. “Voice Over II: ‘Wie ein Hund in einem Fangeisen schreien.’
” In Sensible Sammlungen: Aus dem anthropologischen Depot
, edited by Margit
Berner
, Anette
Hoffmann
, and Britta
Lange
, 129
–46
. Hamburg
: Philo Fine Arts
.
Hoffmann
, Anette
. 2012
. “Chronotopes of the (Post-)Colonial Condition in Otjiherero Praise Poetry
.” In Style in African Literature
, edited by J. K. S.
Makokha
, Ogone John
Obiero
, and Russel
West-Pavlov
, 309
–27
. Leiden
: Brill
.
Hoffmann
, Anette
. 2014a
. “Echoes of the Great War: The Recordings of African Prisoners in the First World War
.” Open Arts Journal
3
: 9
–23
.Hoffmann
, Anette
. 2014b
. “Of Storying and Storing: ‘Reading’ Lichtenecker's Voice Recordings
.” In Re-Viewing Resistance in Namibian History
, edited by Jeremy
Silvester
, 89
–104
. Windhoek
: UNAM Press.
Hoffmann
, Anette
. 2015a
. “Listening to Sound Archives: Introduction to Edited Section
.” Social Dynamics
41
(1
): 73
–83
.Hoffmann
, Anette
. 2015b
. “Verbal Riposte: Wilfred Tjiueza's Performances of Omitandu as Responses to the Racial Model of Hans Lichtenecker
.” In Acts of Voicing
, edited by Hans D.
Christ
, Iris
Dressler
, and Christine
Peters
, 323
–32
. Leipzig
: Spector
.
Hoffmann
, Anette
. 2018
. “Kolonialität
.” In Handbuch Sound: Geschichte-Begriffe-Ansätze
, edited by Daniel
Morat
and Hansjakob
Ziemer
, 387
–90
. Stuttgart
: Metzler
.
Hoffmann
, Anette
. 2019
. “ ‘Achtung Aufnahme!’ Akustische Spuren der kolonialen Wissensproduktion
” In Museumsethnologie—Eine Einführung: Theorien-Debatten-Ansätze
, edited by Iris
Edenheiser
and Larissa
Förster
, 204
–6
. Berlin
: Dietrich Reimer
.
Hoffmann
, Anette
. 2020a
. Kolonialgeschichte hören: Das Echo gewaltsamer Wissensproduktion in Tondokumenten aus dem südlichen Afrika
. Vienna
: Mandelbaum
.Hoffmann
, Anette
. 2020b
. “War and Grammar: Acoustic Recordings with African Prisoners of the First World War (1915–18)
.” In Colonial and Decolonial Linguistics: Knowledges and Epistemes
, edited by Ana
Deumert
, Nick
Shepherd
, and Anne
Storch
, 105
–28
. Oxford
: Oxford University Press
.
Hoffmann
, Anette
. 2021a
. “Close Listening: Approaches to Research on Colonial Sound Archives
.” In The Bloomsbury Handbook of Sonic Methodologies
, edited by Marcel
Cobussen
and Michael
Bull
, 529
–39
. New York
: Bloomsbury
.
Hoffmann
, Anette
. 2021b
. “Skandalträchtig drauflosreden: Vorschlag zur Entsachlichung des Sprechens von der Erbeutung von Körpern, Objekten, und von Praktiken der kolonialen Linguistik in vier Stücken
.” The Mouth: Critical Studies on Language, Culture and Society
9
: 11
–30
.Hoffmann
, Anette
. 2023
. Listening to Colonial History: Echoes of Coercive Knowledge Production in Historical Sound Archives from Southern Africa
. Basel
: Basler Afrika Bibliographien
.
Hoffmann
, Anette
, and Phindezwa
Mnyaka
. 2015
. “Hearing Voices in the Archive
.” Social Dynamics
41
(1
): 101
–23
.Honour
, Hugh
. 2012
. “The New Negro
.” In The Image of the Black in Western Art
. Vol. 4
, From the American Revolution to World War I, Part 2: Black Models, White Myth, edited by David
Bindman
and Henry Louis
Gates
Jr., 191
–246
. Cambridge, MA
: Harvard University Press
.
hooks
, bell
. 2015
. Yearning: Race, Gender, and Cultural Politics
. New York
: Routledge
.
Höpp
, Gerhard
. 1997
. Muslime in der Mark: Als Kriegsgefangene und Internierte in Wünsdorf und Zossen, 1914–1924
. Berlin
: Das Arabische Buch
.
Hüsgen
, Jan
. 2020
. “Colonial Expeditions and Collecting: The Context of the ‘Togo Hinterland Expedition’ of 1894/1895
.” Journal for Art Market Studies
1
: 1
–12
.Irvine
, Judith
. 1990
. “Registering Affect: Heteroglossia in the Linguistic Expression of Emotion
.” In Language and the Politics of Emotion
, edited by Catherina A.
Lutz
and Lila
Abu-Lughod
, 126
–61
. Cambridge
: Cambridge University Press
; Paris: Éditions de la maison des sciences de l'homme.Irvine
, Judith
. 2008
. “Subjected Words: African Linguistics and the Colonial Encounter
.” Language and Communication
28
: 323
–43
.Johler
, Reinhard
, Christian
Marchetti
, and Monique
Scheer
, eds. 2010
. Doing Anthropology in Wartime and War Zones: World War I and the Cultural Sciences in Europe
. Bielefeld
: Transcript
.
Kahleyss
, Margot
. 2015
. “Kolonialsoldaten in Gefangenschaft und Lager
.” In Gefangene Bilder: Wissenschaft und Propaganda im Ersten Weltkrieg
, edited by Benedikt
Burkard
and Céline
Lebret
, 24
–52
. Frankfurt
: Michael Imhoff
.Kalibani
, Méhéza
. 2021
. “Kolonialer Tinnitus: Das belastende Geräusch des Kolonialismus
.” Geschichte in Wissenschaft und Unterrricht
9–10
: 540
–53
.Kaplan
, Judith
. 2013
. “Voices of the People: Linguistic Research among Germany's Prisoners of War during World War I
.” Journal for the History of Science
49
(3
): 281
–305
.Ketchum
, John D.
1965
. Ruhleben: A Prison Camp Society
. Toronto
: University of Toronto Press
.
Khumalo
, Fred
. 2017
. Dancing the Death Drill
. Johannesburg
: Penguin Random House South Africa
.
Koelle
, Sigismund
. 1854
. Polyglotta Africana, or, A Comparative Vocabulary of Nearly Three Hundred Words and Phrases in More Than One Hundred Distinct African Languages
. London
: Church Missionary House
.Kolesch
, Doris
, and Sybille
Krämer
. 2006
. “Stimmen im Konzert der Disziplinen: Zur Einführung in diesen Band
.” In Stimme: Annäherung and ein Phänomen
, edited by Doris
Kolesch
and Sybille
Krämer
, 7
–16
. Frankfurt
: Suhrkamp
.Koller
, Christian
. 2004
. “‘Der dunkle Verrat an Europa’: Afrikanische Soldaten im Krieg 1914–1918 in der deutschen Wahrnehmung
.” In Zwischen Charleston und Stechschritt: Schwarze im Nationalsozialismus
, edited by Christine
Alonzo
and Peter
Martin
, 111
–15
. Munich
: Dölling und Gallitz
.
Koller
, Christian
. 2008
. “The Recruitment of Colonial Troops in Africa and Asia and Their Deployment in Europe during the First World War
.” Immigrants and Minorities
26
(1
–2): 111
–33
.Koller
, Christian
. 2011a
. “German Perceptions of Enemy Colonial Troops, 1914–1918
.” In “When the War Began We Heard of Several Kings”: South Asian Prisoners in World War I in Germany
, edited by Franziska
Roy
, Heike
Liebau
, and Ravi
Ahuja
, 130
–48
. New Delhi
: Social Science
.
Koller
, Christian
. 2011b
. “Representing Otherness: African, Indian and European Soldiers’ Letters and Memoirs
.” In Race, Empire and First World War Writing
, edited by Santanu
Das
, 127
–42
. Cambridge
: Cambridge University Press
.
Koller
, Christian
. 2014
. “Colonial Military Participation in Europe (Africa)
.” In 1914–1918 Online: International Encyclopedia of the First World War
. https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/colonial_military_participation_in_europe_africa?version=1.0.Kongolo
, Antoine Tshitungu
. 2011
. Visages de Paul Panda Farnana: Nationaliste, panafricaniste, intellectuel engagé
. Paris
: L'Harmattan
.
Kracauer
, Siegfried
. 1995
. The Mass Ornament: Weimar Essays
. Translated, edited, and with an introduction by Thomas Y.
Levin
. Cambridge, MA
: Harvard University Press
.
Krzywick
, Janusz
. 1984
. “Contes didaticques Bira (Haut-Zaire)
.” Africa: Rivista trimestrale di studi e documentation dell’ Instituto per Africa e l'Oriente
39
(3
): 416
–43
.Krzywick
, Janusz
. 2014
. Contes Bira
. Vol. 1
, Solenyama. Warsaw
: Département des Langues et des Cultures Africaines
.
Kuba
, Richard
. 2015
. “Leo Frobenius und der Erste Weltkrieg
.” In Gefangene Bilder: Wissenschaft und Propaganda im Ersten Weltkrieg
, edited by Benedikt
Burkhardt
and Céline
Lebret
, 102
–16
. Frankfurt
: Michael Imhoff
.Lalu
, Premesh
. 2009
. The Deaths of Hintsa: Postapartheid South Africa and the Shape of Recurring Pasts
. Cape Town
: HSRC Press
.Landau
, Paul
. 2010
. Popular Politics in the History of South Africa, 1400–1948
. Cambridge
: Cambridge University Press
.
Lange
, Britta
. 2010
. “Aftermath: Anthropological Data from Prisoner-of-War Camps
.” In Doing Anthropology in Wartime and War Zones: World War I and the Cultural Sciences in Europe
, edited by Reinhard
Johler
, Christian
Marchetti
, and Monique
Scheer
, 311
–36
. Bielefeld
: Transcript
.
Lange
, Britta
. 2011a
. “South Asian Soldiers and German Academics: Anthropological, Linguistic, and Musicological Studies in Prison Camps
.” In “When the War Began We Heard of Several Kings”: South Asian Prisoners in World War I Germany
, edited by Franziska
Roy
, Heike
Liebau
, and Ravi
Ahuja
, 149
–86
. New Delhi
: Social Science
.
Lange
, Britta
. 2011b
. “ ‘Denken Sie selber über diese Sache nach …’: Tonaufnahmen in deutschen Gefangenenlagern des Ersten Weltkriegs
.” In Sensible Sammlungen: Aus dem anthropologischen Depot
, edited by Margit
Berner
, Anette
Hoffmann
, and Britta
Lange
, 89
–129
. Hamburg
: Fundus
.
Lange
, Britta
. 2013
. Die Wiener Forschungen an Kriegsgefangenen 1915–1918: Anthropologische und ethnographische Verfahren im Lager
. Vienna
: OAW Verlag
.Lange
, Britta
. 2015
. “Die Gefangenen als Untersuchungsobjekte
.” In Gefangene Bilder: Wissenschaft und Propaganda im Ersten Weltkrieg
, edited by Benedikt
Burkard
and Céline
Lebret
, 84
–94
. Frankfurt: Historisches Museum Frankfurt.
Lange
, Britta
. 2020
. Gefangene Stimmen: Tonaufnahmen von Kriegsgefangenen aus dem Lautarchiv 1915–1918
. Berlin
: Kadmos
.
Lange
, Britta
. 2022
. Captured Voices: Sound Recordings of Prisoners of War from the Sound Archive 1915–1918
. Translated by Rubaica
Jakiwala
. Berlin
: Kadmos
.
Lautbibliothek, ed.
1928
. Afrikanische Sprachen: Arabische und Berberische Sprachen
. Phonetische Platten und Umschriften, no. 45. Produced by Hans Stumme. Berlin
: Preußische Staatsbibliothek
.
Lautbibliothek, ed.
1929a
. Afrikanische Sprachen: Suaheli
. Phonetische Platten und Umschriften, no. 25. Produced by A. Schroeder. Berlin
: Preußische Staatsbibliothek
.
Lautbibliothek, ed.
1929b
. Mandara
. Phonetische Platten und Umschriften, no. 48. Produced by Carl
Meinhof
and August
Klingenheben
. Berlin
: Preußische Staatsbibliothek
.
Lautbibliothek, and
Diedrich
Westermann
, eds. 1936
. Afrikanische Sprachen: Xhosa
. Phonetische Platten und Umschriften, no. 42. Recorded by Carl Meinhof. Produced by A. Tucker. Berlin
: Preußische Staatsbibliothek
.
Le Guin
, Ursula K.
[1988] 2019
. The Carrier Bag Theory of Fiction
. Introduction by Donna
Haraway
. London
: Ignota
.
Liebau
, Heike
. 2011
. “The German Foreign Office, Indian Emigrants and Propaganda Efforts among the ‘Sepoys.’
” In “When the War Began We Heard of Several Kings”: South Asian Prisoners in World War I in Germany
, edited by Franziska
Roy
, Heike
Liebau
, and Ravi
Ahuja
, 96
–129
. New Delhi
: Social Science
.
List of Merchant Seamen and Fishermen Detained as Prisoners of War in Germany, Austria-Hungary and Turkey
. London
: Board of Trade
, 1918
.
Loez
, André
. 2017
. “Between Acceptance and Refusal: Solders’ Attitudes towards War (Africa)
.” In 1914–1918 Online: International Encyclopedia of the First World War. Accessed November
2020
. https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/between_acceptance_and_refusal_-_soldiers_attitudes_towards_war.Lombard
, Rosemary
. 2018
. “Das bloße Leben: Koloniale und neokoloniale Abbildungen südafrikanischer Bergarbeiter in der öffentlichen Wahrnehmung
.” In Zum Beispiel BASF: Über Konzernmacht und Menschenrechte
, edited by Britta
Becker
, Maren
Grimm
, and Jakob
Krameritsch
, 370
–85
. Vienna
: Mandelbaum
.
Lowe
, Lisa
. 2015
. The Intimacies of Four Continents
. Durham, NC
: Duke University Press
.
Lunn
, Joe
. 1987
. “Kande Kamara Speaks: An Oral History of the West African Experience in France 1914–18
.” In Africa and the First World War
, edited by Melvin
Page
, 28
–53
. New York
: St. Martin's
.Lunn
, Joe
. 1999
. Memoirs of the Maelstrom: A Senegalese Oral History of the First World War
. London
: James Currey
.
Lunn
, Joe
. 2011
. “France's Legacy to Demba Mboup? A Senegalese Griot and His Descendants Remember His Military Service during the First World War
.” In Race, Empire and First World War Writing
, edited by Santanu
Das
, 108
–24
. Cambridge
: Cambridge University Press
.
Macchiarelli
, Ignazio
, and Emilio
Tamburini
. 2018
. Le voci ritrovate: Canti e narrazioni di prigionieri italiani della Grande Guerra negli archivi sonori di Berlino
. Udine
: Nota
.
Maier
, Donna
. 1980
. “Competition for Power and Profits in Kete-Krachi, West Africa 1875–1900
.” International Journal of African Historical Studies
19
(1
): 33
–35
.Marchal
, Jules
. 2003
. Forced Labor in the Gold and Copper Mines: A History of Congo under Belgian Rule, 1910–1945
, translated from the French by Ayi Kwei
Armah
. Popenguine, Senegal
: Per Ankh
.Matiasek
, Katarina
. 2017
. “Rudolf Poech's ‘Revenants’: Photography and Atavism in Austro-Hungarian Prisoner-of-War Studies 1915–1918
.” International Forum on Audio-Visual Research: Jahrbuch des Phonogrammarchivs
7
: 30
–45
. https://doi.org/10.1553/jpa7s30.Mbembe
, Achille
. 2014
. Kritik der schwarzen Vernunft
. Translated by Michael
Bischoff
. Frankfurt
: Suhrkamp
.Meinhof
, Carl
. [1894] 1976
. “Die Geheimsprachen Afrikas
.” In Speech Surrogates: Drum and Whistle Systems
, edited by Thomas A
Sebeok
and Donna Jean Umiker
Sebeok
, 1
:151
–56
. The Hague
: Mouton
.
Meinhof
, Carl
. 1905
. Die Christianisierung der Sprachen Afrikas
. Basel
: Basler Missionsstudien
.
Meinhof
, Carl
. 1911
. Die Dichtung der Afrikaner: Hamburgische Vorträge
. Berlin
: Buchhandlung der Berliner Missionsgesellschaft
.
Meinhof
, Carl
. 1912
. Die Sprache der Hamiten. Abhandlungen des Hamburgischen Kolonialinstitutes 9
. Hamburg
: Friedrichson
.
Meinhof
, Carl
. 1913
. “Das Evangelium und die primitive Rassen
.” In Biblische Zeit—Und Streitfragen zur Aufklärung der Gebildeten
, edited by Friedrich
Kropatschek
. Berlin
: Erwin Runge
.
Meinhof
, Carl
. 1938
. “Die Enstehung der Bantusprachen
.” Zeitschrift für Ethnologie
70
(3–4
): 144
–52
.Meinhof
, Carl
. 1939
. “Die Sprache der Bira
.” Zeitschrift für Eingeborenensprachen
29
: 241
–87
.Mergenthaler
, Volker
. 2007
. Völkerschau-Kannibalismus-Fremdenlegion
. Tübingen
: Max Niemeyer
.Meyer
, Birgit
. 2002
. “Christianity and the Ewe Nation: German Pietist Missionaries, Ewe Converts and the Politics of Culture
.” Journal of Religion in Africa
32
: 167
–99
.Meyer-Bahlburg
, Hilke
, and Ekkehard
Wolff
. 1986
. Afrikanische Sprachen in Forschung und Lehre: 75 Jahre Afrikanistik in Hamburg (1909–1984)
. Hamburg
: Reimer
.Mhlambi
, Thokozani Ndumiso
. 2008
. “The Early Years of Black Radio Broadcasting in South Africa: A Critical Reflection on the Making of Ukhosi FM
.” PhD diss., University of Cape Town
.Mignolo
, Walter
. 2007
. “Coloniality and Modernity/Rationality
.” Cultural Studies
21
(2
): 155
–67
.Missfelder
, Jan-Friedrich
. 2012
. “Period Ear: Perspektiven einer Klanggeschichte der Neuzeit
.” Geschichte der Gegenwart
38
: 21
–47
.Missfelder
, Jan-Friedrich
. 2015
. “Geschichtswissenschaft
.” In Handbuch Sound: Geschichte-Begriffe-Ansätze
, edited by Daniel
Morat
and Hansjakob
Ziemer
, 107
–12
. Stuttgart
: Metzler
.
Morat
, Daniel
, ed. 2014
. Sounds of Modern History: Auditory Cultures in 19th- and 20th-Century Europe
. New York
: Berghahn
.
Morrison
, Toni
. 1993
. Playing in the Dark: Whiteness and the Literary Imagination
. New York
: Vintage
.
Morrison
, Toni
. 2019
. Mouth Full of Blood: Essays, Speeches, Meditations
. London
: Penguin
.
Mowitt
, John
. 1992
. Text: The Genealogy of an Antidisciplinary Object
. Durham, NC
: Duke University Press
.
Murrell
, Denise
. 2018
. Posing Modernity: The Black Model from Manet and Matisse to Today
. Exhibition catalogue. New Haven, CT
: Yale University Press in association with the Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Art Gallery, Columbia University
.
Njung
, George N.
2014
. “#GreatWarinAfrica: Honour Motivated Some Cameroonian Soldiers Who Fought for Germany in the First World War
.” Africa at LSE
(blog), August 26, 2014
. https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/africaatlse/2014/08/26/greatwarinafrica-honour-was-a-motivating-factor-for-some-cameroonian-soldiers-who-fought-for-germany-during-the-first-world-war/.Njung
, George N.
2020
. “Amputated Men, Colonial Bureaucracy, and Masculinity in Post–World War I Colonial Nigeria
.” Journal of Social History
53
(3
): 620
–43
.Nketia
, J. H. Kwabena
. 1963
. Drumming in Akan Communities of Ghana
. Legon
: University of Ghana Press
.
Ntewusu
, Samuel Aniegeye
. 2015
. “The Impact and Legacies of German Colonialism in Kete Krachi, North-Eastern Ghana
.” ASC Working Paper 121. Leiden
: African Studies Centre
.
Ochoa
Gautier
, Ana
María
. 2014
. Aurality: Listening and Knowledge in Nineteenth-Century Columbia
. Durham, NC
: Duke University Press
.
Oloukpona-Yinnon
, Adjaï Paulin
. 1998
. Unter deutschen Palmen: Die “Musterkolonie Togo” im Spiegel deutscher Kolonialliteratur
. Frankfurt
: IKO Verlag
.Orwin
, Martin
. 2005
. “On the Concept of ‘Definitive Text’ in Somali Poetry
.” Oral Tradition
20
(2
): 278
–99
.Page
, Melvin E.
1987
. “Introduction: Black Men in a White Man's War
.” In Africa and the First World War
, edited by Melvin E.
Page
, 1
–27
. New York
: St. Martin's
.Pandey
, Gyanendra
. [2000] 2012
. “Voices from the Edge: The Struggle to Write Subaltern Histories
.” In Mapping Subaltern Studies and Postcolonialism
, edited by Vinayak
Chaturvedi
, 281
–99
. London
: Verso
.
Peeren
, Esther
. 2009
. “Seeing More (Hi)stories: Versioning as Resignificatory Practice in the What We See Exhibition and the Work of Sanell Aggenbach and Mustafa Maluka
.” In What We See: Reconsidering an Anthropometrical Collection from Southern Africa
, edited by Anette
Hoffmann
, 84
–104
. Basel
: Basler Afrika Bibliographien
.
Pfäffinger
, Jonas
. 2015
. “Völkerschauen im deutschen Kaiserreich und die zeitgenössiche Kritik
.” BA thesis, Philipps Universität
, Marburg
.Phadi
, Mosa
, and Nomancotsho
Pakade
. 2016
. “The Native Informant Speaks Back to the Offer of Friendship in White Academia
.” In Ties That Bind: Race and the Politics of Friendship in South Africa
, edited by Shannon
Walsh
and Jon
Soske
, 288
–307
. Johannesburg
: Wits University Press
.
Pöch
, Rudolf
. 1916
. “Anthropologische Studien an Kriegsgefangenen
.” Die Umschau
, no. 20
: 988
–91
.Prakash
, Gyan
. 1994
. “Subaltern Studies as Postcolonial Criticism
.” American Historical Review
99
(5
): 1475
–90
.Pugach
, Sarah
. 2000
. “Christianize and Conquer: Carl Meinhof, German Evangelical Missionaries, and the Debate over African Languages 1905–1912
.” In Mission und Gewalt: Der Umgang der Christliche Mission mit Gewalt und die Ausbreitung des Christentums in Afrika und Asien in der Zeit von 1792–1918
, edited by Ulrich
van der Heyden
and Jürgen
Becher
, 509
–24
. Stuttgart
: Franz Steiner
.
Pugach
, Sarah
. 2018
. “A Short History of African Language Studies in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century, with Emphasis on German Contributors
.” In The Routledge Handbook of African Linguistics
, edited by Augustine
Agwuele
and Adams
Bodomo
, 15
–32
. London
: Routledge
.
Quijano
, Anibal
. 2000
. “The Coloniality of Power, Eurocentrism and Latin America
.” Nepantla
1
(3
): 533
–80
.Quijano
, Anibal
. 2007
. “Coloniality and Modernity/Rationality
.” Cultural Studies
21
(2
–3): 168
–78
.Quinn
, Frederik
. 1987
. “The Impact of the First World War and Its Aftermath on the Beti of Cameroun
.” In Africa and the First World War
, edited by Melvin
Page
, 171
–85
. New York
: St. Martin's
.Quintero
, Pablo
, and Sebastian
Garbe
, eds. 2013
. Kolonialität der Macht
. Hamburg
: Unrast
.
Radano
, Ronald
, and Philip von
Bohlmann
, eds. 2000
. “Introduction: Music and Race, Their Past and Their Presence
.” In Music and the Racial Imagination
, edited by Ronald
Radano
and Philip
von Bohlmann
, 1
–56
. Chicago
: University of Chicago Press
.
Rassool
, Ciraj
. 2006
. “Beyond the Cult of ‘Salvation’ and ‘Remarkable Equality’: A New Paradigm for the Bleek and Lloyd Collection
.” Kronos
32
: 244
–51
.Rassool
, Ciraj
, and Martin
Legassick
. 2000
. Skeletons in the Cupboard: South African Museums and the Trade in Human Remains 1907–1917
. Cape Town
: The South African Museum
.
Renton
, David
, David
Seddon
, and Leo
Zeilig
. 2007
. The Congo: Plunder and Resistance
. London
: Zed
.
Rice
, Tom
. 2015
. “Listening
.” In Keywords in Sound
, edited by David
Novak
and Matt
Sakakeeny
, 100
–108
. Durham, NC
: Duke University Press
.
Riesz
, János
. 2011
. “Afrikanische Kriegsgefangene in deutschen Lagern während des Ersten Weltkriegs
.” In Deutsch-Afrikanische Diskurse in Geschichte und Gegenwart: Literatur und kulturwissenschaftliche Perspektiven
, edited by Michael
Hofmann
and Rita
Morrien
, 71
–106
. Amsterdam
: Rodopi
.
Riva
, Nepomuk
. 2015
. “Ethnologie
.” In Handbuch Sound: Geschichte-Begriffe-Ansätze
, edited by Daniel
Morat
and Hansjakob
Ziemer
, 102
–6
. Stuttgart
: Metzler
.
Robinson
, Dylan
. 2020
. Hungry Listening: A Resonating Theory for Indigenous Sound Studies
. Minneapolis
: University of Minnesota Press
.
Römer
, Ruth
. 1989
. Sprachwissenschaft und Rassenideologie in Deutschland
. Munich
: Wilhelm Fink
.
Rosenfeld
, Sophia
. 2011
. “On Being Heard: A Case for Paying Attention to the Historical Ear
.” American Historical Review
116
(2
): 316
–34
.Roy
, Franziska
, Heike
Liebau
, and Ravi
Ahuja
, eds. 2011
. “When the War Began We Heard of Several Kings”: South Asian Prisoners in World War I Germany
. New Delhi
: Social Science
.
Sacken
, Katharina
. 2004
. “Ungern vor Fremden gesungen: Koloniale Phonographie um 1900
.” In Phonorama: Eine Kulturgeschichte der Stimme als Medium
, edited by Brigitte
Felderer
, 118
–31
. Berlin
: Matthes und Seitz
.
Samatar
, Said S.
1982
. Oral Poetry and Somali Nationalism: The Case of Sayyid Mahammad ‘Abdille Hassan
. Cambridge
: Cambridge University Press
.
Sarreiter
, Regina
. 2012
. “Ich glaube, dass die Hälfte ihres Museums gestohlen ist
.” In Was Wir Sehen: Bilder, Stimmen, Rauschen: Zur Kritik anthropometrischen Sammelns
, edited by Anette
Hoffmann
, Britta
Lange
, and Regina
Sarreiter
, 43
–60
. Basel
: Basler Afrika Bibliographien
.
Saussure
, Ferdinand de
1916
. Course in General Linguistics
. Translated by Wade
Baskin
. New York
: Philosophical Society
.
Schaeffer
, Pierre
. 2004
. “Acousmatics
.” In Audio Culture: Readings in Modern Music
, edited by Christopher
Cox
and Daniel
Warner
, 76
–81
. New York
: Continuum International
.
Schasiepen
, Sophie
. 2019
. “Die ‘Lehrmittelsammlung’ von Dr. Rudolf Pöch an der Universität Wien: Anthropologie, Forensik und Provenienz
.” Zeitschrift für Kulturwissenschaften
6
(1
): 115
–28
. https://doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/13898.Schasiepen
, Sophie
. 2021
. “Physical Anthropology and the Production of Racial Capital in Austria
.” PhD diss., University of the Western Cape
, South Africa
.Schebesta
, Paul
. 1934
. Vollblutneger und Halbzwerge: Forschungen unter Waldnegern und Halbpygmäen am Ituri in Belgisch Kongo
. Salzburg
: Anton Pustet
.
Schebesta
, Paul
. 1946/49
. “Die Waldneger: Paläonegride und Negro-Bantuide am Ituri (Belg. Kongo)
.” Anthropos
41–44
(1–3
): 161
–76
.Scheer
, Monique
. 2010
.“Captive Voices: Phonographic Recordings in the German and Austrian Prisoner-of-War Camps of World War I
.” In Doing Anthropology in Wartime and War Zones: World War I and the Cultural Sciences in Europe
, edited by Reinhard
Johler
, Christian
Marchetti
, and Monique
Scheer
, 279
–309
. Bielefeld
: Transcript
.
Schmidt
, Leigh Eric
. 2000
. Hearing Things: Religion, Illusion, and the American Enlightenment
. Cambridge, MA
: Harvard University Press
.
Schmidt
, Sigrid
. 2001
. Tricksters, Monsters and Clever Girls: African Folktales, Texts and Discussions
. Cologne
: Rüdiger Köppe
.
Schrödl
, Jenny
, and Doris
Kolesch
. 2018
. “Stimme
.” In Handbuch Sound: Geschichte-Begriffe-Ansätze
, edited by Daniel
Morat
and Hansjakob
Ziemer
, 223
–29
. Stuttgart
: Metzler
.
Sebeok
, Thomas A.
, and Donna Jean Umiker
Sebeok
, eds. 1976
. Speech Surrogates: Drum and Whistle Systems
. 2
vols. The Hague
: Mouton
.
Senghor
, Lamine
. 2012
. La violation d'un pays et autre ecrits anticolonialistes
. Paris
: L'Harmattan
.
Shaw
, George Bernard
. [1916] 2003
. Pygmalion: A Romance in Five Acts
. London
: Penguin
.
Shepherd
, Nick
. 2015
. The Mirror in the Ground: Archeology, Photography and the Making of a Disciplinary Archive
. Jeppestown
: Jonathan Ball
.Simon
, Artur
, ed. 2000
. Das Berliner Phonogramm-Archiv: Sammlungen der traditionellen Musik der Welt
. Berlin
: VBB Verlag
.Smith
, Mark M.
2001
. Listening to Nineteenth-Century America
. Chapel Hill
: University of North Carolina Press
.
Spieth
, Jakob
. 1911
. Die Religion der Eweer in Süd-Togo
. Göttingen
: Vadenhoeck and Ruprecht
.Spivak
, Gayatri Chakravorty
. 1988
. “Can the Subaltern Speak?”
In Marxism and the Interpretation of Cultures
, edited by Laurence
Grossberg
and George
Nelson
, 271
–313
. London
: Macmillan
.
Spivak
, Gayatri Chakravorty
. 1999
. A Critique of Postcolonial Reason: Toward a History of the Vanishing Present
. Cambridge, MA
: Harvard University Press
.
Spivak
, Gayatri Chakravorty
. 2010
. “Translating in a World of Languages
.” Profession
: 35
–43
.Sporcq
, Jacques
. 1975
. “The Bira of the Savanna and the Bira of the Rain Forest: A Comparative Study of Two Populations of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
.” Journal of Human Evolution
4
(6
): 505
–16
.Steedman
, Carolyn
. 2000
. “Enforced Narratives: Stories of Another Self
.” In Feminism and Autobiography: Texts, Theories, Methods
, edited by Tess
Coslet
, Celia
Lury
, and Penny
Summerfield
, 25
–39
. London
: Routledge
.
Sterne
, Jonathan
. 2003
. The Audible Past: Cultural Origins of Sound Reproduction
. Durham, NC
: Duke University Press
.
Sterne
, Jonathan
. 2004
. “Preserving Sound in Modern America
.” In Hearing History: A Reader
, edited by Mark M.
Smith
, 295
–318
. Athens
: University of Georgia Press
.
Sterne
, Jonathan
. 2015
. “Hearing
.” In Keywords in Sound
, edited by David
Novak
and Matt
Sakakeeny
, 65
–77
. Durham, NC
: Duke University Press
.
Stibbe
, Edward V.
[1919] 1969
. Reminiscences of a Civilian Prisoner in Germany, 1914–1918
. With a foreword by Paul
Stibbe
. Castle Cary, UK
: N.p.
, 1969
.Stibbe
, Matthew
. 2008
. British Civilian Internees in Germany: The Ruhleben Camp
, 1914
–18
. Manchester
: Manchester University Press
.
Stiehl
, Otto
. 1916
. Unsere Feinde: 96 Charakterköpfe aus deutschen Kriegsgefangenenlagern
. Stuttgart
: J. Hoffmann
.
Stoecker
, Holger
. 2008
. Afrikawissenschaften in Berlin von 1919 bis 1945: Zur Geschichte und Topographie eines wissenschaftlichen Netzwerkes
. Stuttgart
: Franz Steiner
.
Stoecker
, Holger
. 2013
. “Lehrer, Informanten, Studienobjekte. Afrikanische Sprachlektoren im Berlin der Zwischenkriegsjahre
.” In Black Berlin: Die Deutsche Metropole und Ihre Afrikanischen Diaspora in Geschichte und Gegenwart
, edited by Oumar
Diallo
and Joachim
Zeller
, 71
–88
. Berlin
: Metropol
.
Stoecker
, Holger
, Jürgen
Mahrenholz
, and the Black Europe Team
. 2013
. “Die Lautabteilung an der Preußischen Staatsbibliothek
.” In Black Europe
, Vol. 2
, The First Comprehensive Documentation of the Sounds and Images of Black People in Europe, Pre-1927
(book accompanying CDs), edited by J.
Green
, R. E.
Lotz
, and H.
Rye
, 205
–12
. Holste-Oldendorf, Germany
: Bear Family Productions
.Stoever
, Jennifer Lynn
. 2016
. The Sonic Color Line: Race and the Cultural Politics of Listening
. New York
: New York University Press
.
Stoler
, Ann Laura
. 2008
. “Imperial Debris: Reflections on Ruins and Ruination
.” Cultural Anthropology
23
(2
): 191
–219
.Stoler
, Ann Laura
. 2009
. Along the Archival Grain: Epistemic Anxieties and Colonial Commonsense
. Princeton, NJ
: Princeton University Press
.
Stoler
, Anne Laura
. 2016
. Duress: Imperial Durabilities in Our Times
. Durham, NC
: Duke University Press
.
Stolz
, Thomas
, Ingo H.
Warnke
, and Daniel
Schmidt-Brücken
, eds. 2016
. Sprache und Kolonialismus: Eine interdisziplinäre Einführung zu Sprache und Kommunikation in kolonialen Kontexten
. Berlin
: De Gruyter
.
Stopa
, Roman
. 1935
. Die Schnalze: Ihre Natur, Entwicklung und Ursprung
. Krakow
: Polska Akademja Umiejetnosci
.
Storch
, Anne
. 2011
. Secret Manipulations: Language and Context in Africa
. Oxford
: Oxford University Press
.
Storch
, Anne
. 2018
. “Gewissheit und Geheimnis
.” In Sprache und (Post)-Kolonialismus: Linguistische und Interdisziplinäre Aspekte
, edited by Birte
Kellermeier-Rehbein
, Matthias
Schulz
, and Doris
Stolberg
, 105
–26
. Berlin
: De Gruyter
.
Struck
, Hermann
. 1917
. Kriegsgefangene: Hundert Steinzeichnungen von Hermann Struck; Mit Begleitworten von F. von Luschan; Ein Beitrag zur Völkerkunde im Weltkriege
. Berlin
: Ernst Vohsen
.
Taylor
, Diana
. 2003
. The Archive and the Repertoire: Performing Cultural Memory in the Americas
. Durham, NC
: Duke University Press
.
Thilenius
, G.
, C.
Meinhof
, and W.
Heinitz
. [1916] 1976
. “Die Trommelsprache in Afrika und in der Südsee
.” In Speech Surrogates: Drum and Whistle Systems
, edited by Thomas A.
Sebeok
and Jean
Umiker-Sebeok
, 3
–32
. The Hague
: Mouton
.
Thode-Aurora
, Hilke
. 1989
. Für fünfzig Pfennig um die Welt: Die Hagenbeckschen Völkerschauen
. Frankfurt
: Campus
.Tracey
, Hugh
. 1948
. Lalela Zulu: 100 Zulu Lyrics
. Illustrated by Eric
Byrd
. Johannesburg
: African Music Society
.
Ulrikab
, Abraham
, Alootook
Ilellie
, Hans-Ludwig
Blohm
, and Hartmut
Lutz
. 2005
. The Diary of Abraham Ulrikab
. Ottawa
: University of Ottawa Press
.
Vail
, Leroy
, and Landeg
White
. 1991
. Power and the Praise Poem: Southern African Voices in History
. London
: James Currey
.
Van Cauteren
, Willy
. 1919
. La guerre et la captivité: Journal d'un prisonnier de guerre en Allemagne
. Brussels
: Libraire Nationale d'Art et d'Histoire
.
Vansina
, Jan
. 1990
. Paths in the Rainforest: Toward a History of Political Tradition in Equatorial Africa
. Madison
: University of Wisconsin Press
.
Venkatachalam
, Meera
. 2012
. “Between the Devil and the Cross: Religion, Slavery, and the Making of the Anlo-Ewe
.” Journal of African History
53
: 45
–64
.von
Hornbostel
, Erich
Moritz
. [1905] 1986
. “Die Probleme der vergleichenden Musikwissenschaft
” (1905). In Tonart und Ethos: Aufsätze zur Musikethnologie und Musikpsychologie
, edited by Christian
Kaden
and Erich
Stockmann
, 33
–48
. Leipzig
: Reclam
.
von
Hornbostel
, Erich
Moritz
. 1928
. “African Negro Music
.” Journal of the International African Institute
1
(1
): 30
–62
.von Hornbostel
, Erich Moritz
, and Otto
Abraham
. 1904
. “Über die Bedeutung des Phonographen für die vergleichende Musikwissenschaft
.” Zeitschrift für Ethnologie
36
(2
): 222
–36
.von Luschan
, Felix
. 1896
. Instruktion für ethnographische Beobachtungen und Sammlungen in Deutsch-Ostafrika
. Berlin
: Mittler
.
von Luschan
, Felix
. 1904
. “Einige türkische Volkslieder aus Nordsyrien und die Bedeutung phonographischer Aufnahmen für die Völkerkunde
.” Zeitschrift für Ethnologie
36
(2
): 177
–202
.von Luschan
, Felix
. 1906
. “Bericht über eine Reise in Südafrika
.” Zeitschrift für Ethnologie
38
(6
): 863
–95
.von Luschan
, Felix
, and Hermann
Struck
. 1917
. Kriegsgefangene: Ein Beitrag zur Völkerkunde im Weltkriege; Einführung in die Grundrisse der Anthropologie
. Berlin
: Dietrich Reimer
.
von Rentzell
, Werner
. 1922
. Unvergessenes Land … Von glutvollen Tagen und silbernen Nächten in Togo
. Hamburg
: Alster
.
von Tiling
, Maria
. 1918/19
. “Die Vokale des bestimmten Artikels im Somali
.” Zeitschrift für Kolonialsprachen
9
: 132
–66
.von Tiling
, Maria
. 1925
. Somali Texte und Untersuchungen zur Somali Lautlehre
. Berlin
: Reimer
.
Weidmann
, Amanda
. 2015
. “Voice
.” In Keywords in Sound
, edited by David
Novak
and Matt
Sakakeeny
, 232
–41
. Durham, NC
: Duke University Press
.
Weninger
, Josef
. 1918
. “Anthropologische Untersuchungen indischer und afrikanischer Völkerschaften in deutschen Kriegsgefangenenlagern im Sommer 1917
.” Mitteilungen der k.u.k. Geographischen Gesellschaft in Wien
61
(11
): 545
–62
.Weninger
, Josef
. 1927
. Eine morphologisch-anthropologische Studie: Durchgeführt an 100 westafrikanischen Negern, als Beitrag zur Anthropologie von Afrika
. Vienna
: Verlag der Anthropologischen Gesellschaft Wien
.
Westermann
, Diedrich
. 1902
. “Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Yehwesprache in Togo
.” Zeitschrift für Afrikanische un Oceanische Sprachen
6
: 261
–90
.Weule
, Carl
. 1915
. “Die farbigen Hilfsvölker unserer Gegner, eine ethnographische Übersicht.” Parts 1 and 2
. Kosmos
12
(6–7
): 205
–6
and 249–53.Yamomo
, meLê
. 2018
. Theatre and Music in Manila and the Asia Pacific, 1869–1946: Sounding Modernities
. Cham, Switzerland
: Palgrave Macmillan
.
Yamomo
, meLê
. 2021
. “Acoustic Epistemologies and Early Sound Recordings in the Nusantara Region: Phonography, Archive, and the Birth of Ethnomusicology
.” In Made in Nusantara: Studies in Popular Music
, edited by A.
Johan
and M.
Santaella
, 75
–82
. London
: Routledge, Taylor and Francis
.
Yamomo
, meLê
, and Barbara
Titus
. 2021
. “The Persistent Refrain of the Colonial Archival Logic/Colonial Entanglements and Sonic Transgressions
.” World of Music
10
(1
): 39
–70
.Zahn
, Franz Michael
. 1895
. “Muttersprache in der Mission
.” Allgemeine Missionszeitschrift 1895
: 337
–60
.Zedelmaier
, Helmut
. 2007
. “Das Geschäft mit den Fremden: Völkerschauen im Kaiserreich
.” In Das “lange” 19. Jahrhundert: Alte Fragen und neue Perspektiven
, edited by Nils
Freytag
and Dominik
Petzhold
, 183
–200
. Munich
: Herbert Utz
.
Ziegler
, Susanne
. 2006
. Die Wachszylinder des Berliner Phonogramm-Archivs
. Berlin
: Ethnologisches Museum Berlin
.
Zimmermann
, Andrew
. 2001
. Anthropology and Antihumanism in Imperial Germany
. Chicago
: University of Chicago Press
.
Zimmermann
, Andrew
. 2015
. “Colonization of Antislavery and the Americanization of Empires: The Labor of Autonomy and the Labor of Subordination in Togo and the United States
.” In Making Empire Work: Labor and United States Imperialism
, edited by Daniel E.
Bender
and Jana K.
Lipman
, 267
–88
. New York
: New York University Press
.