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References

Ammerman
,
Nancy
.
2013
.
Sacred Stories, Spiritual Tribes: Finding Religion in Everyday Life
.
New York
:
Oxford University Press
.
Ammerman
,
Nancy
.
2014
. “
2013 Paul Hanly Furfey Lecture: Finding Religion in Everyday Life
Sociology of Religion
75
(
2
):
189
207
.
Andersson
,
Efraim
.
1958
.
Messianic Popular Movements in the Lower Congo
.
Uppsala
:
Almqvist & Wiksells Boktryckeri
.
Bach
,
Alice
.
1997
.
Women, Seduction, and Betrayal in Biblical Narrative
.
Cambridge
:
Cambridge University Press
.
Bockie
,
Simon
.
1993
.
Death and the Invisible Powers: The World of Kongo Belief
.
Bloomington
:
Indiana University Press
.
Brown
,
Ras Michael
.
2012
.
African-Atlantic Cultures and the South Carolina Lowcountry
.
Cambridge
:
Cambridge University Press
.
Castor
N. Fadeke
.
2017
.
Spiritual Citizenship: Transnational Pathways from Black Power to Ifa in Trinidad
.
Durham, NC
:
Duke University Press
.
Covington-Ward
,
Yolanda
.
2014
. “‘
Your Name Is Written in the Sky’: Unearthing the Stories of Kongo Female Prophets in Colonial Belgian Congo, 1921–1960
.”
Journal of Africana Religions
2
(
3
):
317
346
.
Covington-Ward
,
Yolanda
.
2016
.
Gesture and Power: Religion, Nationalism, and Everyday Performance in Congo
.
Durham, NC
:
Duke University Press
.
Crumbley
,
Deidre Ann
.
2008
.
Spirit, Structure, and Flesh: Gendered Experiences in African Instituted Churches among the Yoruba of Nigeria
.
Madison
:
University of Wisconsin Press
.
Douglas
,
Mary
.
(1966) 2002
.
Purity and Danger: An Analy sis of the Concepts of Pollution and Taboo
.
London
:
Routledge Classics
.
Fu-Kiau
,
A. kia Bunseki-Lumanisa
.
1969
.
N’Kongo ye nza yakun’zungidila; nza-Kôngo/Le Mukongo et le monde qui l’entourait
.
Kinshasa
:
Office National de la recherche et de développement
.
Hackett
,
Rosalind
.
1987
. “
Women as Leaders and Participants in the Spiritual Churches
.” In
New Religious Movements in Nigeria
, edited by
Hackett
Rosalind
,
191
196
.
Lewiston, NY
:
Edwin Mellen
.
Hall
,
Kim
.
1995
.
Things of Darkness: Economies of Race and Gender in Early Modern England
.
Ithaca, NY
:
Cornell University Press
.
Higginbotham
Evelyn Brooks
.
1993
.
Righteous Discontent: The Women’s Movement in the Black Baptist Church, 1880–1920
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard University Press
.
Irvine
,
Cecilia
.
1974
. “
The Birth of the Kimbanguist Movement in the Bas-Zaire, 1921
.”
Journal of Religion in Africa
6
(
1
):
23
76
.
Jacobson-Widding
,
Anita
.
1979
.
Red— White— Black as a Mode of Thought: A Study of Triadic Classification by Colours in the Ritual Symbolism and Cognitive Thought of the Peoples of the Lower Congo
.
Uppsala, Sweden
:
Almqvist and Wiksell International
.
Janzen
,
John
.
1972
. “
Laman’s Kongo Ethnography: Observations on Sources, Methodology, and Theory
.”
Africa: Journal of the International African Institute
42
(
4
):
316
328
.
Janzen
,
John
.
1977
. “
The Tradition of Renewal in Kongo Religion
.” In
African Religions, A Symposium
, edited by
Booth
Newell S.
Jr
,
69
115
.
New York
:
Nok
.
Janzen
,
John M.
1982
.
Lemba, 1650–1930: A Drum of Affliction in Africa and the New World
.
New York
:
Garland
.
Jules-Rosette
,
Bennetta
.
1975
.
African Apostles: Ritual Conversion in the Church of John Maranke
.
Ithaca, NY
:
Cornell University Press
.
Jules-Rosette
,
Bennetta
.
1981
. “
Women in Indigenous African Cults and Churches
.” In
The Black Woman Cross-Culturally
, edited by
Steady
Filomena
,
185
207
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Schenkman
.
Jules-Rosette
,
Bennetta
.
1996
. “
Privilege without Power: Women in African Cults and Churches
.” In
Women in Africa and the African Diaspora: A Reader
, 2nd ed., edited by
Terborg-Penn
Rosalyn
and
Rushing
Andrea Benton
,
101
119
.
Washington, DC
:
Howard University Press
.
Laman
,
Karl Edvard
.
1962
.
The Kongo
. Vol.
3
.
Uppsala
:
Studia Ethnographica Upsaliensia
.
MacGaffey
,
Wyatt
.
1983
.
Modern Kongo Prophets: Religion in a Plural Society
.
Bloomington
:
Indiana University Press
.
MacGaffey
,
Wyatt
.
1986a
. “
Ethnography and the Closing of the Frontier in Lower Congo, 1885–1921
.”
Africa: Journal of the International African Institute
56
(
3
):
263
279
.
MacGaffey
,
Wyatt
.
1986b
.
Religion and Society in Central Africa: The BaKongo of Lower Zaire
.
Chicago
:
University of Chicago Press
.
Mackay
,
D. J.
1987
. “
Simon Kimbangu and the B.M.S. Tradition
.”
Journal of Religion in Africa
17
(
2
):
113
171
.
Mackay
,
Donald
, and
Ntoni-Nzinga
Daniel
.
1993
. “
Kimbangu’s Interlocutor: Nyuvudi’s Nsamu Miangunza (The Story of the Prophets)
.”
Journal of Religion in Africa
23
(
3
):
232
265
.
Mahaniah
,
Kimpianga
.
1975
. “
The Background of Prophetic Movements in the Belgian Congo
.”
PhD diss.
,
Temple University
.
Mahaniah
,
Kimpianga
.
1988
.
L’impact du Christianisme au Manianga
.
Kinshasa
:
Editions Centre de Vulgarisation Agricole
.
McGuire
,
Meredith
.
2008
.
Lived Religion: Faith and Practice in Everyday Life
.
New York
:
Oxford University Press
.
Pemberton
,
Jeremy
.
1993
. “
The History of Simon Kimbangu, Prophet, by the Writers Nfinangani and Nzungu, 1921: An Introduction and Annotated Translation
.”
Journal of Religion in Africa
23
(
3
):
194
231
.
Raymaekers
,
Paul
.
1971
. “
Histoire de Simon Kimbangu, prophète, d’après les écrivains Nfinangani et Nzungu (1921)
.”
Archives de Sociologie des Religions
31
(
1
):
15
42
.
Renne
,
Elisha
.
2005
. “
‘Let Your Garments Always Be White’: Expressions of the Past and Present in Yoruba Religious Textiles
.” In
African Religion and Social Change: Essays in Honor of John Peel
, edited by
Falola
Toyin
,
139
163
.
Durham, NC
:
Carolina Academic Press
.
Rouse
,
Carolyn
.
2006
. “
Shopping with Sister Zubayda: African American Sunni Muslim Rituals of Consumption and Belonging
.” In
Women and Religion in the African Diaspora: Knowledge, Power, and Per for mance
, edited by
Griffith
R. Marie
and
Savage
Barbara Dianne
,
245
265
.
Baltimore
:
Johns Hopkins University Press
.
Sackey
,
Brigid M.
2006
.
New Directions in Gender and Religion: The Changing Status of Women in African In de pen dent Churches
.
Lanham, MD
:
Lexington Books
.
Thornton
,
John
.
1998a
.
Africa and Africans in the Making of the Atlantic World, 1400–1800
. 2nd ed.
New York
:
Cambridge University Press
.
Thornton
,
John
.
1998b
.
The Kongolese Saint Anthony: Dona Beatriz Kimpa Vita and the Antonian Movement, 1684–1706
.
Cambridge
:
Cambridge University Press
.
Vellut
,
Jean-Luc
, ed.
2005
.
Simon Kimbangu 1921: De la predication à la deportation; Les Sources
. Vol.
1
.
Fonds missionaires protestants (1), Alliance missionaire sué (Svenska Missionsförbundet, SMF)
.
Brussels
:
Academie Royale des Sciences d’Outre Mer
.
Weeks
,
John H.
1908
. “
Notes on Some Customs of the Lower Congo People
.”
Folklore
19
(
4
):
409
437
.
Widman
,
Ragnar
.
1967
.
The Niombo Cult among the Babwende
.
Stockholm
:
Ethnographical Museum of Sweden
.

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References

References

Ammerman
,
Nancy
.
2013
.
Sacred Stories, Spiritual Tribes: Finding Religion in Everyday Life
.
New York
:
Oxford University Press
.
Ammerman
,
Nancy
.
2014
. “
2013 Paul Hanly Furfey Lecture: Finding Religion in Everyday Life
Sociology of Religion
75
(
2
):
189
207
.
Andersson
,
Efraim
.
1958
.
Messianic Popular Movements in the Lower Congo
.
Uppsala
:
Almqvist & Wiksells Boktryckeri
.
Bach
,
Alice
.
1997
.
Women, Seduction, and Betrayal in Biblical Narrative
.
Cambridge
:
Cambridge University Press
.
Bockie
,
Simon
.
1993
.
Death and the Invisible Powers: The World of Kongo Belief
.
Bloomington
:
Indiana University Press
.
Brown
,
Ras Michael
.
2012
.
African-Atlantic Cultures and the South Carolina Lowcountry
.
Cambridge
:
Cambridge University Press
.
Castor
N. Fadeke
.
2017
.
Spiritual Citizenship: Transnational Pathways from Black Power to Ifa in Trinidad
.
Durham, NC
:
Duke University Press
.
Covington-Ward
,
Yolanda
.
2014
. “‘
Your Name Is Written in the Sky’: Unearthing the Stories of Kongo Female Prophets in Colonial Belgian Congo, 1921–1960
.”
Journal of Africana Religions
2
(
3
):
317
346
.
Covington-Ward
,
Yolanda
.
2016
.
Gesture and Power: Religion, Nationalism, and Everyday Performance in Congo
.
Durham, NC
:
Duke University Press
.
Crumbley
,
Deidre Ann
.
2008
.
Spirit, Structure, and Flesh: Gendered Experiences in African Instituted Churches among the Yoruba of Nigeria
.
Madison
:
University of Wisconsin Press
.
Douglas
,
Mary
.
(1966) 2002
.
Purity and Danger: An Analy sis of the Concepts of Pollution and Taboo
.
London
:
Routledge Classics
.
Fu-Kiau
,
A. kia Bunseki-Lumanisa
.
1969
.
N’Kongo ye nza yakun’zungidila; nza-Kôngo/Le Mukongo et le monde qui l’entourait
.
Kinshasa
:
Office National de la recherche et de développement
.
Hackett
,
Rosalind
.
1987
. “
Women as Leaders and Participants in the Spiritual Churches
.” In
New Religious Movements in Nigeria
, edited by
Hackett
Rosalind
,
191
196
.
Lewiston, NY
:
Edwin Mellen
.
Hall
,
Kim
.
1995
.
Things of Darkness: Economies of Race and Gender in Early Modern England
.
Ithaca, NY
:
Cornell University Press
.
Higginbotham
Evelyn Brooks
.
1993
.
Righteous Discontent: The Women’s Movement in the Black Baptist Church, 1880–1920
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard University Press
.
Irvine
,
Cecilia
.
1974
. “
The Birth of the Kimbanguist Movement in the Bas-Zaire, 1921
.”
Journal of Religion in Africa
6
(
1
):
23
76
.
Jacobson-Widding
,
Anita
.
1979
.
Red— White— Black as a Mode of Thought: A Study of Triadic Classification by Colours in the Ritual Symbolism and Cognitive Thought of the Peoples of the Lower Congo
.
Uppsala, Sweden
:
Almqvist and Wiksell International
.
Janzen
,
John
.
1972
. “
Laman’s Kongo Ethnography: Observations on Sources, Methodology, and Theory
.”
Africa: Journal of the International African Institute
42
(
4
):
316
328
.
Janzen
,
John
.
1977
. “
The Tradition of Renewal in Kongo Religion
.” In
African Religions, A Symposium
, edited by
Booth
Newell S.
Jr
,
69
115
.
New York
:
Nok
.
Janzen
,
John M.
1982
.
Lemba, 1650–1930: A Drum of Affliction in Africa and the New World
.
New York
:
Garland
.
Jules-Rosette
,
Bennetta
.
1975
.
African Apostles: Ritual Conversion in the Church of John Maranke
.
Ithaca, NY
:
Cornell University Press
.
Jules-Rosette
,
Bennetta
.
1981
. “
Women in Indigenous African Cults and Churches
.” In
The Black Woman Cross-Culturally
, edited by
Steady
Filomena
,
185
207
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Schenkman
.
Jules-Rosette
,
Bennetta
.
1996
. “
Privilege without Power: Women in African Cults and Churches
.” In
Women in Africa and the African Diaspora: A Reader
, 2nd ed., edited by
Terborg-Penn
Rosalyn
and
Rushing
Andrea Benton
,
101
119
.
Washington, DC
:
Howard University Press
.
Laman
,
Karl Edvard
.
1962
.
The Kongo
. Vol.
3
.
Uppsala
:
Studia Ethnographica Upsaliensia
.
MacGaffey
,
Wyatt
.
1983
.
Modern Kongo Prophets: Religion in a Plural Society
.
Bloomington
:
Indiana University Press
.
MacGaffey
,
Wyatt
.
1986a
. “
Ethnography and the Closing of the Frontier in Lower Congo, 1885–1921
.”
Africa: Journal of the International African Institute
56
(
3
):
263
279
.
MacGaffey
,
Wyatt
.
1986b
.
Religion and Society in Central Africa: The BaKongo of Lower Zaire
.
Chicago
:
University of Chicago Press
.
Mackay
,
D. J.
1987
. “
Simon Kimbangu and the B.M.S. Tradition
.”
Journal of Religion in Africa
17
(
2
):
113
171
.
Mackay
,
Donald
, and
Ntoni-Nzinga
Daniel
.
1993
. “
Kimbangu’s Interlocutor: Nyuvudi’s Nsamu Miangunza (The Story of the Prophets)
.”
Journal of Religion in Africa
23
(
3
):
232
265
.
Mahaniah
,
Kimpianga
.
1975
. “
The Background of Prophetic Movements in the Belgian Congo
.”
PhD diss.
,
Temple University
.
Mahaniah
,
Kimpianga
.
1988
.
L’impact du Christianisme au Manianga
.
Kinshasa
:
Editions Centre de Vulgarisation Agricole
.
McGuire
,
Meredith
.
2008
.
Lived Religion: Faith and Practice in Everyday Life
.
New York
:
Oxford University Press
.
Pemberton
,
Jeremy
.
1993
. “
The History of Simon Kimbangu, Prophet, by the Writers Nfinangani and Nzungu, 1921: An Introduction and Annotated Translation
.”
Journal of Religion in Africa
23
(
3
):
194
231
.
Raymaekers
,
Paul
.
1971
. “
Histoire de Simon Kimbangu, prophète, d’après les écrivains Nfinangani et Nzungu (1921)
.”
Archives de Sociologie des Religions
31
(
1
):
15
42
.
Renne
,
Elisha
.
2005
. “
‘Let Your Garments Always Be White’: Expressions of the Past and Present in Yoruba Religious Textiles
.” In
African Religion and Social Change: Essays in Honor of John Peel
, edited by
Falola
Toyin
,
139
163
.
Durham, NC
:
Carolina Academic Press
.
Rouse
,
Carolyn
.
2006
. “
Shopping with Sister Zubayda: African American Sunni Muslim Rituals of Consumption and Belonging
.” In
Women and Religion in the African Diaspora: Knowledge, Power, and Per for mance
, edited by
Griffith
R. Marie
and
Savage
Barbara Dianne
,
245
265
.
Baltimore
:
Johns Hopkins University Press
.
Sackey
,
Brigid M.
2006
.
New Directions in Gender and Religion: The Changing Status of Women in African In de pen dent Churches
.
Lanham, MD
:
Lexington Books
.
Thornton
,
John
.
1998a
.
Africa and Africans in the Making of the Atlantic World, 1400–1800
. 2nd ed.
New York
:
Cambridge University Press
.
Thornton
,
John
.
1998b
.
The Kongolese Saint Anthony: Dona Beatriz Kimpa Vita and the Antonian Movement, 1684–1706
.
Cambridge
:
Cambridge University Press
.
Vellut
,
Jean-Luc
, ed.
2005
.
Simon Kimbangu 1921: De la predication à la deportation; Les Sources
. Vol.
1
.
Fonds missionaires protestants (1), Alliance missionaire sué (Svenska Missionsförbundet, SMF)
.
Brussels
:
Academie Royale des Sciences d’Outre Mer
.
Weeks
,
John H.
1908
. “
Notes on Some Customs of the Lower Congo People
.”
Folklore
19
(
4
):
409
437
.
Widman
,
Ragnar
.
1967
.
The Niombo Cult among the Babwende
.
Stockholm
:
Ethnographical Museum of Sweden
.
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