Book Chapter
The Lava Spread Everywhere: Rural Revolution, the Provisional Government, and Haiti
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Published:November 2016
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2016. "The Lava Spread Everywhere: Rural Revolution, the Provisional Government, and Haiti", We Dream Together: Dominican Independence, Haiti, and the Fight for Caribbean Freedom, Anne Eller
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This chapter considers the efforts of the newly born Provisional Government, as political and military leaders grappled for control of the revolution. Many prominent figures from prior decades, now fighting to regain national independence, emphasized a principled, “raceless” nationalism. Meanwhile, another newer and more radical leadership burgeoned. Among its ranks was Gaspar Polanco, a poor and illiterate man whose military brilliance catapulted him to the presidency of the Provisional Government in the fall of 1864. Polanco and his allies insisted on social revolution, on egalitarian anticolonialism, and on forging stronger and more radical ties with the republican administration in Haiti. Although Haiti’s president Geffrard maintained a position of neutrality, covert aid from Haitian citizens toward the east was constant. Reactionary members of the Dominican mobilization, meanwhile, were wary of the social revolution at hand. As they moved to topple Polanco, the fighting continued.
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Bibliography
Archives and Newspapers
CUBA
Archivo Nacional de Cuba (ANC)
Asuntos Políticos (AP)
Diario de la Habana
Gaceta de la Habana
El Redactor de Santiago
Biblioteca Nacional José Martí (BNJM)
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
Archivo General de la Nación–República Dominicana (AGN-RD)
Archivo Real de Bayaguana
Archivo Real de Higüey
Ayuntamiento de Santiago
Colección Garcia
Colección Herrera (CH)
Fondo Anexión (Anexión)
Memoria de Guerra y Marina
Relaciones Exteriores (RREE)
La Acusación
Boletín del Archivo General de la Nación (BAGN)
El Dominicano
El Eco del Pueblo
Gaceta de Santo Domingo
El Monitor
El Oasis
El Orden
El Porvenir
El Progreso
La Razón
La Regeneración
La Républica
Revista Clío, Órgano de la Academia Dominicana de la Historia (CLÍO)
El Tiempo
Some of the AGN-RD collections were being reorganized during this research period; Fondo Anexión’s legajo numbers changed from 2006 to 2008 to 2010, for example. The bulk of the numbers cited here refer to the most recent 2008 and 2010 numerations; wherever possible, changes are recorded in the corresponding citation.
HAITI
Simityè Jakmèl (Cimitière de Jacmel)
La Feuille de Commerce
Le Moniteur Haïtien
L’Opinion Nationale
La République
SPAIN
Archivo Histórico Nacional, Madrid (AHN)
Ultramar
Gaceta de Madrid
Biblioteca Nacional, Madrid (BNE)
Servicio Histórico Militar, Madrid (SHM)
Ultramar
Archivo del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Madrid (AMAE)
Política Exterior, Haití
Política Exterior, Santo Domingo
Tratados
Archivo General de Indias (AGI)
Audiencia de Santo Domingo
Papeles de Cuba (CUBA)
UNITED KINGDOM
The National Archives, Kew (TNA)
Colonial Office (CO)
301 Turks and Caicos
Foreign Office (FO)
23 Dominican Republic
35 Haiti
UNITED STATES
National Archives (NARA)
Schomburg Library
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