This chapter focuses on Black American movement toward Africa as it is performed in Bahia, Brazil. Black American travel to Brazil began in the early twentieth century, when the nation promoted itself as and was widely believed to be a racial paradise and a model for positive postslavery race relations. The chapter goes on to examine the widespread notion that Afro-Brazilians have been able to retain African traditions in ways that Black Americans have not. Through the close reading of travel narratives, analyses of ethnographic interviews with expatriates, and participant-observation of tours, the chapter argues that readings of Bahia as...