This chapter examines an incident of Diné resistance in 1913 to U.S. federal agents’ attempts to criminalize and punish traditional forms of marriage and sexuality, including polygamy and non-heterosexuality. It shows how over time the Diné have come to conflate nation(hood) with family, marriage, and sexuality in ways that normalize the heteropatriarchy they once resisted. A critical gender- and sex-based critique of federal criminalization efforts with Diné marriage and sexuality provides a way to understand U.S. colonialism as a social formation and what its consequences have been for Diné resistance.