Skip to Main Content
Skip Nav Destination
This content is made freely available by the publisher. It may not be redistributed or altered. All rights reserved.

The introduction sketches the sharp rightward turn taken by revolutionary nationalist groups that operated under the umbrella of the Chinese Nationalist Party (Guomindang) during the 1920s and 1930s. It outlines the characteristics of the polity that groups known as the CC Clique and the Blue Shirts strove to cement, and why the officers and engineers who led these state-affiliated groups regarded the resuscitation of an ancient Confucian culture to be integral to the creation of a thoroughly modernized and militantly anti-Communist nation. It further sketches the relationship between their clandestine White Terror activities and their active public presence in Shanghai’s vibrant interwar media, which had roots in their reactions to the New Culture and May Fourth movements as well as their participation in the Leninist agitational structures forged in United Front Canton.

This content is only available as PDF.

Bibliography

Alber
,
Charles J.
Enduring the Revolution: Ding Ling and the Politics of Literature in Guomindang China
.
Westport, CT
:
Praeger
,
2002
.
Anderson
,
Benedict
.
Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origins and Spread of Nationalism
.
New York
:
Verso
,
1991
.
Anderson
,
Marston
.
The Limits of Realism: Chinese Fiction in the Revolutionary Period
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
1990
.
Averill
,
Stephen C.
The New Life in Action: The Nationalists in South Jiangxi, 1934–1937
.”
China Quarterly
, no.
88
(
1981
):
594
628
.
Averill
,
Stephen C.
Revolution in the Highlands: China’s Jinggangshan Base Area
.
Lanham, MD
:
Rowman and Littlefield
,
2006
.
Chun
Bai
.
“Jiang Jieshi ruhua sanminzhuyi zhi pingxi” [On the train of thought and the essence of Chiang Kai-shek turning Sun Yat-sen’s Three Principles of the People into Confucianism]
.
Nanjing zhengzhi xueyuan xuebao
19
, no.
1
(
2003
):
76
79
.
Balibar
,
Etienne
, and
Wallerstein
Immanuel
.
Race, Nation, Class: Ambiguous Identities
.
New York
:
Verso
,
1991
.
Barlow
,
Tani E.
Debates over Colonial Modernity in East Asia and Another Alternative
.”
Cultural Studies
26
, no.
5
(
2012
):
617
44
.
Barlow
,
Tani E
, ed.
Formations of Colonial Modernity in East Asia
.
Durham, NC
:
Duke University Press
,
1997
.
Barlow
,
Tani E.
The Question of Women in Chinese Feminism
.
Durham, NC
:
Duke University Press
,
2004
.
Bauman
,
Zygmunt
.
Modernity and the Holocaust
.
Ithaca, NY
:
Cornell University Press
,
2001
.
Benjamin
,
Walter
.
Illuminations
. Translated by
Zohn
Harry
.
New York
:
Schocken
,
1988
.
Bergère
,
Marie-Claire
.
Sun Yat-sen
. Translated by
Lloyd
Janet
.
Stanford, CA
:
Stanford University Press
,
1998
.
Berke
,
Joseph H.
,
Pierides
Stella
,
Sabbadini
Andrea
, and
Schneider
Stanley
, eds.
Even Paranoids Have Enemies: New Perspectives on Paranoia and Persecution
.
New York
:
Routledge
,
1998
.
Berman
,
Marshall
.
All That Is Solid Melts into Air: The Experience of Modernity
.
New York
:
Penguin
,
1988
.
Bloch
,
Ernst
.
Heritage of Our Times
. Translated by
Neville
and
Plaice
Stephen
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
1990
.
Bodenhorn
,
Terry D.
, ed.
Defining Modernity: Guomindang Rhetorics of a New China, 1920–1970
.
Ann Arbor
:
University of Michigan Center for Chinese Studies
,
2002
.
Boorman
,
Howard L.
, and
Howard
Richard C.
, eds.
Biographical Dictionary of Republican China
, vol.
1
.
New York
:
Columbia University Press
,
1967
.
Boorman
,
Howard L.
, and
Howard
Richard C.
.
Biographical Dictionary of Republican China
, vol.
3
.
New York
:
Columbia University Press
,
1970
.
Brownell
,
Susan
,
Wasserstrom
Jeffrey
, and
Laqueur
T. W.
, eds.
Chinese Femininities, Chinese Masculinities: A Reader
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
2002
.
Buck-Morss
,
Susan
.
Dreamworld and Catastrophe: The Passing of Mass Utopia in East and West
.
Cambridge
:
MIT Press
,
2000
.
Fu
Chai
, ed.
CC Neimu [The inside story of the cc Clique]
.
Beijing
:
Zhongguo wenshi chubanshe
,
1988
.
Chan
,
Ming K.
Historiography of the Chinese Labor Movement: A Critical Survey and Bibliography of Selected Chinese Source Materials at the Hoover Institution
.
Stanford, CA
:
Hoover Institution Press
,
1981
.
Chan
,
Ming K.
A Turning Point in the Modern Chinese Revolution: The Historical Significance of the Canton De cade, 1917–1927
.” In
Remapping China: Fissures in Historical Terrain
, edited by
Hershatter
Gail
,
Honig
Emily
,
Lipman
Jonathan
, and
Stross
Randall
.
Stanford, CA
:
Stanford University Press
,
1996
.
Chan
,
Ming K.
, and
Dirlik
Arif
.
Schools into Fields and Factories: Anarchists, the Guomindang, and the National Labor University in Shanghai, 1927–1932
.
Durham, NC
:
Duke University Press
,
1991
.
Chang
,
Maria Hsia
.
The Chinese Blue Shirt Society: Fascism and Developmental Nationalism
.
Berkeley
:
Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California
,
1985
.
Chatterjee
,
Partha
.
Nationalist Thought and the Colonial World: A Derivative Discourse
.
Minneapolis
:
University of Minnesota Press
,
1993
.
Chatterjee
,
Partha
.
The Nation and Its Fragments: Colonial and Postcolonial Histories
.
Princeton, NJ
:
Princeton University Press
,
1993
.
Cheek
,
Timothy
, ed.
Mao Zedong and China’s Revolutions: A Brief History with Documents
.
New York
:
Palgrave
,
2002
.
Feng
Chen
.
Huangpu junxiao wanquan dang’an [The complete archive of the Whampoa Military Academy]
.
Beijing
:
Jiuzhou chubanshe
,
2011
.
Chen
,
Guofu
.
Chen Guofu xiansheng quanji. Di’erce: Zhengzhi jingji [The complete works of Mr. Chen Guofu, vol. 2: Politics and economics]
.
Taibei
:
Zhengzhong shuju
,
1952
.
Chen
,
Janet Y.
Guilty of Indigence: The Urban Poor in China, 1900–1953
.
Princeton, NJ
:
Princeton University Press
,
2012
.
Chen
,
Jinxing
. “
The Rise and Fall of the China League for Civil Rights
.”
China Review
6
, no.
2
(
2006
):
121
47
.
Chen
Lifu [Chen Zuyan]
. “
Application of Mechanical and Electrical Devices to Coal Mining in China
.”
Master’s thesis
,
University of Pittsburgh
,
1924
.
Chen
Lifu [Chen Zuyan]
.
Chengbai zhi jian [Reflections on success and failure]
.
Taibei
:
Zhengzhong shuju
,
1994
.
Chen
Lifu [Chen Zuyan]
.
The Storm Clouds Clear over China: The Memoir of Ch’en Li-fu, 1900–1993
. Compiled and edited by
Chang
Sydney H.
and
Myers
Ramon H.
.
Stanford, CA
:
Hoover Institution Press
,
1994
.
Chen
Lifu [Chen Zuyan]
.
Zhongguo dianying shiye [The Chinese film industry]
.
Shanghai
:
Chenbao she
,
1933
.
Chen
Lifu [Chen Zuyan]
.
Zhongguo wenhua jianshe xiehui gaikuang yilan [A general survey of the Chinese Cultural Construction Association]
.
Shanghai
:
Zhongguo wenhua jianshe xiehui
,
1934
.
Yongfa
Chen
.
Zhongguo gongchan geming qishinian, shang [Seventy years of the Chinese Communist Revolution, vol. 1]
.
Taibei
:
Lianjing
,
2001
.
Youxin
Chen
and
Ruilin
Yang
.
Xinshenghuo yundong zhi lilun yu shiji; disanbian: Xinshenghuo yundong minglunji [The New Life Movement in theory and practice, vol. 3: Prominent writers on the New Life Movement]
.
Nanjing
:
Jingguan gaodeng xuexiao
,
1935
.
Cheng
,
Pei-Kai
, and
Leszt
Michael
, eds.
The Search for Modern China: A Documentary Collection
.
New York
:
W. W. Norton
,
1999
.
Chiang
,
Madame May-ling Soong [Madame Chiang Kai-shek]
.
War Messages and Other Selections
.
Hankow
:
China Information Committee
,
1938
.
Chow
,
Tse-tsung
.
The May Fourth Movement: Intellectual Revolution in Modern China
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard University Press
,
1960
.
Chun
,
Allen
. “
From Nationalism to Nationalizing: Cultural Imagination and State Formation in Postwar Taiwan
.”
Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs
31
(
1994
):
46
69
.
Chung
,
Dooeum
.
Élitist Fascism: Chiang Kaishek’s Blueshirts in 1930s China
.
Burlington, VT
:
Ashgate
,
2000
.
Chung
,
Jun-mei
.
Ting Ling: Her Life and Her Work
.
Taibei
:
National Chengchi University
,
1978
.
Clark
,
T. J.
Farewell to an Idea: Episodes from a History of Modernism
.
New Haven, CT
:
Yale University Press
,
1999
.
Clements
,
Barbara Evans
. “
Emancipation through Communism: The Ideology of A. M. Kollontai
.”
Slavic Review
32
, no.
2
(
1973
):
323
88
.
Clinton
,
Maggie
. “
Ends of the Universal: The League of Nations and Chinese Fascism on the Eve of World War II
.”
Modern Asian Studies
48
, no.
6
(
2014
):
1740
68
.
Clinton
,
Margaret
. “
Fascism, Cultural Revolution, and National Sovereignty in 1930s China
.”
PhD diss.
,
New York University
,
2009
.
Coble
,
Parks M.
, Jr.
Facing Japan: Chinese Politics and Japanese Imperialism, 1931–1937
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard East Asian Monograph Series
,
1991
.
Coble
,
Parks M.
, Jr.
The Shanghai Capitalists and the Nationalist Government, 1927–1937
, 2nd ed.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard East Asian Monograph Series
,
1986
.
Cohn
,
Bernard
.
Colonialism and Its Forms of Knowledge: The British in India
.
Princeton, NJ
:
Princeton University Press
,
1996
.
Cowling
,
Mark
, and
Martin
James
, eds.
Marx’s “Eighteenth Brumaire”: (Post)Modern Interpretations
.
Sterling, VA
:
Pluto
,
2002
.
Culp
,
Robert
. “
Rethinking Governmentality: Training, Cultivation, and Cultural Citizenship in Nationalist China
.”
Journal of Asian Studies
65
, no.
3
(
2006
):
529
54
.
Jinhua
Dai
.
Cinema and Desire: Feminist Marxism and Cultural Politics in the Work of Dai Jinhua
. Edited by
Wang
Jing
and
Barlow
Tani E.
.
New York
:
Verso
,
2002
.
Jitao
Dai
.
Sanminzhuyi zhi zhexue de jichu [The philosophical foundations of the Three Principles of the People]
.
Beiping
:
Qingnian Shudian
,
1945
.
Danzker
,
Jo-Anne
,
Lum
Ken
, and
Shengtian
Zheng
, eds.
Shanghai Modern, 1919–1945
.
Munich
:
Hatje Kantz
,
2004
.
Davies
,
Gloria
.
Lu Xun’s Revolution: Writing in a Time of Violence
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard University Press
,
2013
.
De Bary
,
William T.
,
Chan
W.
, and
Lufrano
R.
, eds.
Sources of Chinese Tradition, vol. 2: From 1600 through the Twentieth Century
.
New York
:
Columbia University Press
,
2000
.
Wenyi
Deng
, ed.
Lushan xunlian ji: Jiang Zhongzheng jiang [A compilation of Lushan training materials: Speeches by Chiang Kai-shek]
.
Nanjing
:
Guofangbu xinwenju
,
1947
.
Yuanzhong
Deng
.
Guomindang hexin zhuzhi zhenxiang: Lixingshe, Fuxingshe, yu suowei “Lanyishe” de yanbian yu chengzhang [The truth about the Guomindang’s core organizations: The Forceful Action Society, the Renaissance Society, and the so-called “Blue Shirts”]
.
Taibei
:
Lianjing
,
2000
.
DesForges
,
Andrew
.
Mediasphere Shanghai: The Aesthetics of Cultural Production
.
Honolulu
:
University of Hawai’i Press
,
2007
.
Diamond
,
Norma
. “
Women under Kuomintang Rule: Variations on the Feminine Mystique
.”
Modern China
1
, no.
1
(
1975
):
3
45
.
Dikötter
,
Frank
.
The Age of Openness: China before Mao
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
2008
.
Dikötter
,
Frank
.
Crime, Punishment, and the Prison in Modern China
.
New York
:
Columbia University Press
,
2002
.
Dirlik
,
Arif
.
Anarchism in the Chinese Revolution
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
1991
.
Dirlik
,
Arif
. “
Confucius in the Borderlands: Global Capitalism and the Reinvention of Confucianism
.”
boundary 2
22
, no.
3
(
1995
):
229
73
.
Dirlik
,
Arif
. “
Ideological Foundations of the New Life Movement: A Study in Counterrevolution
.”
Journal of Asian Studies
34
, no.
4
(
1975
):
945
80
.
Dirlik
,
Arif
.
The Origins of Chinese Communism
.
New York
:
Oxford University Press
,
1989
.
Dong
,
Madeleine Y.
Who Is Afraid of the Chinese Modern Girl?
” In
The Modern Girl around the World: Consumption, Modernity, and Globalization
, edited by
Weinbaum
Alys Eve
,
Thomas
Lynn M.
,
Ramamurthy
Priti
,
Poiger
Uta G.
, and
Dong
Madeleine Yue
.
Durham, NC
:
Duke University Press
,
2008
.
Duara
,
Prasenjit
.
Rescuing History from the Nation: Questioning Narratives of Modern China
.
Chicago
:
University of Chicago Press
,
1995
.
Duiker
,
William J.
Ho Chi Minh: A Life
.
New York
:
Hyperion
,
2000
.
Durkheim
,
Émile
.
The Rules of Sociological Method
. Edited by
Lukes
Steven
.
New York
:
Free Press
,
1982
.
Duus
,
Peter
.
The Abacus and the Sword: The Japanese Penetration of Korea, 1895–1910
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
1998
.
Eastman
,
Lloyd E.
The Abortive Revolution: China under Nationalist Rule, 1927–1937
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard University Press
,
1974
.
Eley
,
Geoff
.
Nazism as Fascism: Violence, Ideology, and the Ground of Consent in Germany, 1930–1945
.
New York
:
Routledge
,
2013
.
Esherick
,
Joseph W.
The Many Faces of Chiang Kai-shek
.”
Chinese Historical Review
17
, no.
1
(
2010
):
16
23
.
Yuansheng
Fan
.
“Nongmin de xinshenghuo” [New life for peasants]
.
Nanjing
:
Zhongzheng shuju
,
1934
.
Fanon
,
Frantz
.
The Wretched of the Earth
.
New York
:
Grove
,
1964
.
Feldman
,
Allen
.
Formations of Violence: The Narrative of the Body and Political Terror in Northern Ireland
.
Chicago
:
University of Chicago Press
,
1991
.
Ferlanti
,
Frederica
. “
The New Life Movement in Jiangxi Province, 1934–1938
.”
Modern Asian Studies
44
, no.
5
(
2010
):
961
1000
.
Finnane
,
Antonia
. “
What Should Women Wear? A National Problem
.”
Modern China
22
, no.
2
(
1996
):
99
131
.
Fitzgerald
,
John
.
Awakening China: Politics, Culture, and Class in the Nationalist Revolution
.
Stanford, CA
:
Stanford University Press
,
1996
.
Foucault
,
Michel
.
Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison
.
New York
:
Vintage
,
1995
.
Fung
,
Edmund S. K.
The Intellectual Foundations of Chinese Modernity: Cultural and Political Thought in the Republican Era
.
New York
:
Cambridge University Press
,
2010
.
Fung
,
Edmund S.
Nationalism and Modernity: The Politics of Cultural Conservatism in Republican China
.”
Modern Asian Studies
43
, no.
3
(
2009
):
777
813
.
Furth
,
Charlotte
. “
Culture and Politics in Modern Chinese Conservatism
.” In
The Limits of Change: Essays on Conservative Alternatives in Republican China
, edited by
Furth
Charlotte
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard University Press
,
1976
.
Gellately
,
Robert
.
Backing Hitler: Consent and Coercion in Nazi Germany
.
New York
:
Oxford University Press
,
2001
.
Gerth
,
H. H.
, and
Mills
C. Wright
, eds.
From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology
.
New York
:
Oxford University Press
,
1958
.
Gerth
,
Karl
.
China Made: Consumer Culture and the Creation of the Nation
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard East Asian Monographs
,
2003
.
Gibson
,
Richard M.
, with
Chen
Wenhua
.
The Secret Army: Chiang Kai-shek and the Drug Warlords of the Golden Triangle
.
Singapore
:
John Wiley and Sons
,
2011
.
Gilmartin
,
Christina Kelley
.
Engendering the Chinese Revolution: Radical Women, Communist Politics, and Mass Movements in the 1920s
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
1995
.
Glosser
,
Susan
.
Chinese Visions of Family and State, 1915–1953
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
2003
.
Goodman
,
Bryna
. “
Things Unheard of East or West: Colonialism, Nationalism, and Cultural Contamination in Early Chinese Exchanges
.” In
Twentieth Century Colonialism and China: Localities, the Everyday, and the World
, edited by
Goodman
Bryna
and
Goodman
David S. G.
.
New York
:
Routledge
,
2012
.
Goodman
,
Bryna
, and
Larson
Wendy
, eds.
Gender in Motion: Divisions of Labor and Cultural Change in Late Imperial and Modern China
.
Langham, MD
:
Rowman and Littlefield
,
2005
.
Gramsci
,
Antonio
.
Selections from the Prison Notebooks
. Translated by
Hoare
Quintin
.
New York
:
International Publishers
,
1971
.
Gregor
,
A. James
.
A Place in the Sun: Marxism and Fascism in China’s Long Revolution
.
Boulder, CO
:
Westview
,
2000
.
Griffin
,
Roger
.
Modernism and Fascism: The Sense of a Beginning under Mussolini and Hitler
.
London
:
Palgrave MacMillan
,
2007
.
Griffin
,
Roger
.
The Nature of Fascism
.
New York
:
Routledge
,
1993
.
Zhigang
Guan
.
Xinshenghuo yundong yanjiu [Research on the New Life Movement]
.
Shenzhen
:
Haitian chubanshe
,
1999
.
Guha
,
Ranajit
, and
Spivak
Gayatri Chakravorty
, eds.
Selected Subaltern Studies
.
New York
:
Oxford University Press
,
1998
.
Qingyou
Guo
, ed.
Zhonghua minguo shiqi junzheng zhiguan zhi, shang [A record of military and civil officials during the Chinese Republican period, vol. 1]
.
Lanzhou
:
Gansu renmin chubanshe
,
1990
.
Harootunian
,
Harry
.
History’s Disquiet: Modernity, Cultural Practice, and the Question of Everyday Life
.
New York
:
Columbia University Press
,
2000
.
Harootunian
,
Harry
.
Overcome by Modernity: History, Culture, and Community in Interwar Japan
.
Princeton, NJ
:
Princeton University Press
,
2000
.
Harrison
,
Henrietta
.
The Making of the Republican Citizen: Political Ceremonies and Symbols in China, 1911–1929
.
New York
:
Oxford University Press
,
2000
.
Harvey
,
David
.
The Condition of Postmodernity: An Enquiry into the Origins of Cultural Change
.
New York
:
Wiley-Blackwell
,
1991
.
Harvey
,
David
.
The New Imperialism
.
New York
:
Oxford University Press
,
2003
.
Zhonghan
He
.
He Zhonghan xiansheng jiangshu xuanlu [Selected speeches of Mr. He Zhonghan]
. Edited by
Zhang
Ming
.
Nanjing
:
Tiba Shudian
,
1933
.
Herf
,
Jeffrey
.
Reactionary Modernism: Technology, Culture, and Politics in Weimar and the Third Reich
.
New York
:
Cambridge University Press
,
1986
.
Herzog
,
Dagmar
.
Sex after Fascism: Memory and Morality in Twentieth-Century Germany
.
Princeton, NJ
:
Princeton University Press
,
2007
.
Herzstein
,
Robert E.
Henry R. Luce, Time, and the American Crusade in Asia
.
New York
:
Cambridge University Press
,
2006
.
Hevia
,
James L.
English Lessons: The Pedagogy of Imperialism in Nineteenth-Century China
.
Durham, NC
:
Duke University Press
,
2003
.
He Zhonghan xiansheng zhisang weiyuanhui
.
He Zhonghan xiansheng shilüe [A biographical sketch of Mr. He Zhonghan]
.
Taibei
:
He Zhonghan xiansheng zhisang weiyuanhui
,
1972
.
Hobsbawm
,
Eric
, and
Ranger
Terrence
, eds.
The Invention of Tradition
.
New York
:
Cambridge University Press
,
1987
.
Hofmann
,
Reto
.
The Fascist Effect: Japan and Italy, 1915–1952
.
Ithaca, NY
:
Cornell University Press
,
2015
.
Hong
,
Fan
. “
Blue Shirts, Nationalists, and Nationalism: Fascism in 1930s China
.” In
Superman Supreme: Fascist Body as Political Icon— Global Fascism
, edited by
Mangan
J. A.
.
London
:
Frank Cass
,
2000
.
Jiafeng
Hu
.
Ganzheng shinian: Xiong zhuxi zhiGan shizhounian jinian tekan [A decade of Jiangxi administration: Special edition for the tenth anniversary of Governor Xiong Shihui’s rule]
.
Nanchang
:
Jiangxi shengzhengfu Ganzheng shinian bianji weiyuanhui
,
1941
.
Hu
Shuyi
.
“Ertong de Xinshenghuo” [New life for children]
.
Nanjing
:
Zhongzheng shuju
,
1934
.
Hung
,
Chang-tai
.
Going to the People: Chinese Intellectuals and Folk Literature
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard East Asia Monographs
,
1986
.
Hung
,
Chang-tai
.
War and Popular Culture: Resistance in Modern China
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
1994
.
Eiichi
Iwai
.
Ran’isha ni kansuru chōsa [Investigations into the Blue Shirts]
.
English translation by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. U.S. State Department, Confidential Central Files, China, Internal Affairs, 1945–1949. 893.00/3-3045
.
Jackson
,
Anna
. “
Art Deco in East Asia
.” In
Art Deco 1930–1939
, edited by
Benton
Charlotte
,
Benton
Tim
, and
Wood
Ghislaine
.
Boston
:
Bullfinch
,
2003
.
Jayasuryia
,
Kanishka
. “
Understanding Asian Values as a Form of Reactionary Modernization
.”
Contemporary Politics
4
, no.
1
(
1998
):
77
91
.
Jeans
,
Roger B.
Democracy and Socialism in Republican China: The Politics of Zhang Junmai (Carsun Chang), 1906–1941
.
Lanham, MD
:
Rowman and Littlefield
,
1997
.
Jensen
,
Lionel
.
Manufacturing Confucianism: Chinese Traditions and Universal Civilization
.
Durham, NC
:
Duke University Press
,
1997
.
Judd
,
Ellen R.
Revolutionary Drama and Song in the Jiangxi Soviet
.”
Modern China
9
, no.
1
(
1983
):
127
60
.
Judge
,
Joan
.
Print and Politics: “Shibao” and the Culture of Reform in Late Qing China
.
Stanford, CA
:
Stanford University Press
,
1996
.
Karl
,
Rebecca E.
Staging the World: Chinese Nationalism at the Turn of the Twentieth Century
.
Durham, NC
:
Duke University Press
,
2002
.
Khalili
,
Laleh
. “
Gendered Practices of Counterinsurgency
.”
Review of International Studies
37
, no.
4
(
2011
):
1471
91
.
Kiangsi Rural Reconstruction Centers, Head Office
.
Reconstruction in Rural Kiangsi
.
Nanchang
:
National Economic Council
,
1935
.
Kiangsi Rural Welfare Centers, Head Office
.
New Life Centers in Rural Kiangsi
.
Nanchang
:
National Economic Council
,
1936
.
Kirby
,
William C.
Engineering China: Birth of the Developmental State, 1928–1937
.” In
Becoming Chinese: Passages to Modernity and Beyond
, edited by
Yeh
Wen-hsin
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
2000
.
Kirby
,
William C.
Germany and Republican China
.
Stanford, CA
:
Stanford University Press
,
1984
.
Kirby
,
William C.
Images and Realities of Chinese Fascism
.” In
Fascism outside Europe: The European Impulse against Domestic Conditions in the Diffusion of Fascism
, edited by
Larsen
Stein Ugelvik
.
New York
:
Columbia University Press
,
2001
.
Ko
,
Dorothy
.
Teachers of the Inner Chambers: Women and Culture in Seventeenth-Century China
.
Stanford, CA
:
Stanford University Press
,
1994
.
Koonz
,
Claudia
.
The Nazi Conscience
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Belknap
,
2003
.
Ku
,
Hung-ting
. “
The Merchants versus Government: The Canton Merchants’ Volunteer Corps Incident
.”
Asian Affairs
9
, no.
3
(
1978
):
309
18
.
Kwan
,
Daniel Y. K.
Marxist Intellectuals and the Chinese Labor Movement: A Study of Deng Zhongxia, 1894–1933
.
Seattle
:
University of Washington Press
,
1997
.
Lam
,
Tong
.
A Passion for Facts: Social Surveys and the Construction of the Chinese Nation State, 1900–1949
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
2011
.
Lanza
,
Fabio
.
Behind the Gate: Inventing Students in Beijing
.
New York
:
Columbia University Press
,
2010
.
Lean
,
Eugenia
.
Public Passions: The Trial of Shi Jianqiao and the Rise of Popular Sympathy in Republican China
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
2007
.
Lee
,
Leo Ou-fan
.
Shanghai Modern: The Flowering of a New Urban Culture in China, 1930–1945
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard University Press
,
1999
.
Lenin
,
Vladimir
. “
Can the Bolsheviks Retain State Power?
” In
Lenin’s Collected Works
, vol.
26
,
87
136
.
Moscow
:
Progress
,
1972
. .
Levenson
,
Joseph R.
Confucian China and Its Modern Fate: A Trilogy
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
1968
.
Li
,
Guannan
. “
Culture, Revolution, and Modernity in China: The Guomindang’s Ideology and Enterprise of Reviving China, 1927–1937
.”
PhD diss.
,
University of Oregon
,
2009
.
Li
,
Guannan
. “
Reviving China: Urban Reconstruction in Nanchang and the Guomindang National Revival Movement, 1932–1937
.”
Frontiers of History in China
7
, no.
1
(
2012
):
106
13
.
Haisheng
Li
and
Min
Zhang
.
Minguo liang xiongdi: Chen Guofu yu Chen Lifu [Two brothers of the republic: Chen Guofu and Chen Lifu]
.
Shanghai
:
Shanghai renmin chubanshe
,
2011
.
Li
,
Hsiao-ti
. “
Making a Name and a Culture for the Masses
.”
positions: east asia cultures critique
9
, no.
1
(
2001
):
29
68
.
Yansheng
Li
.
Zhongguo baokan tushi [A pictorial history of Chinese periodicals]
.
Wuhan
:
Hubei renmin chubanshe
,
2005
.
Lipkin
,
Zwia
.
Useless to the State: “Social Problems” and Social Engineering in Nationalist Nanjing, 1927–1937
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard East Asia Monographs
,
2006
.
Jianqun
Liu
.
Fuxing Zhongguo geming zhi lu [The path to reviving the Chinese revolution]
.
Beijing
:
Beijing zhongxian tuofang keji fazhan youxian gongsi
,
2012
.
Liu
,
Lydia H.
Translingual Practice: Literature, National Culture, and Translated Modernity—China, 1900–1937
.
Stanford, CA
:
Stanford University Press
,
1995
.
Louie
,
Kam
.
Theorising Chinese Masculinity: Society and Gender in China
.
New York
:
Cambridge University Press
,
2002
.
Lu
,
Albert
. “
The Renaissance of Rural Kiangsi
.”
China Information Bulletin
2
, no.
2
(
1936
).
Lu
Hsun [Lu Xun]
.
Selected Works of Lu Hsun, vols. 3 and 4
. Edited and translated by
Yang
Gladys
and
Yang
Hsien-Yi
.
Peking
:
Foreign Languages Press
,
1960
.
Xun
Lu
.
Lu Xun quanji
, vol.
6
.
Beijing
:
Beijing wenxue chubanshe
,
2005
.
Lu
,
Yan
.
Re-understanding Japan: Chinese Perspectives, 1895–1945
.
Honolulu
:
University of Hawai’i Press
,
2004
.
Luo
,
Zhitian
.
Inheritance within Rupture: Culture and Scholarship in Early Twentieth Century China
. Translated by
Harris
Lane
and
Mei
Chun
.
Leiden
:
Brill
,
2015
.
Luo
,
Zhitian
.
Liebianzhong de chuancheng: Ershi shiji qianqi de Zhongguo wenhua yu xueshu
.
Beijing
:
Zhonghua shuju
,
2003
.
Fangruo
Ma
, ed.
Zhongguo benwei wenhua jianshe taolunji [A collection of debates about Chinese cultural construction]
.
Shanghai
:
Longwen Shudian
,
1935
.
Maffei
,
Nicolas P.
The Search for an American Design Aesthetic: From Art Deco to Streamlining
.” In
Art Deco 1930–1939
, edited by
Benton
Charlotte
,
Benton
Tim
, and
Wood
Ghislaine
.
Boston
:
Bullfinch
,
2003
.
Maier
,
Charles S.
Between Taylorism and Technocracy: European Ideologies and the Vision of Industrial Productivity in the 1920s
.”
Journal of Contemporary History
5
, no.
2
(
1970
):
27
61
.
Malraux
,
André
.
Man’s Fate
.
New York
:
Vintage
,
1969
.
Mann
,
Michael
.
Fascists
.
New York
:
Cambridge University Press
,
2004
.
Mao
,
Joyce
.
Asia First: China and the Making of Modern American Conservatism
.
Chicago
:
University of Chicago Press
,
2015
.
Marotti
,
William
. “
Japan 1968: The Performance of Violence and the Theater of Protest
.”
American Historical Review
114
, no.
3
(
2009
):
97
153
.
Marx
,
Karl
, and
Engels
Friedrich
.
The Communist Manifesto: A Modern Edition
.
New York
:
Verso
,
1998
.
Mast
,
Herman
, III
, and
Saywell
William G.
. “
Revolution out of Tradition: The Politi cal Ideology of Tai Chi-t’ao
.”
Journal of Asian Studies
34
, no.
1
(
1974
):
73
98
.
Mayer
,
Arno
.
Dynamics of Counterrevolution in Europe, 1870–1956
.
New York
:
Harper and Row
,
1971
.
Mayer
,
Arno
.
The Furies: Violence and Terror in the French and Russian Revolutions
.
Princeton, NJ
:
Princeton University Press
,
2000
.
McClintock
,
Anne
.
Imperial Leather: Race, Gender, and Sexuality in the Colonial Contest
.
New York
:
Routledge
,
1995
.
Michaud
,
Eric
.
The Cult of Art in Nazi Germany
. Translated by
Lloyd
Janet
.
Stanford, CA
:
Stanford University Press
,
2004
.
Minick
,
Scott
, and
Ping
Jiao
.
Chinese Graphic Design in the Twentieth Century
.
London
:
Thames and Hudson
,
2010
.
Morris
,
Andrew D.
Marrow of the Nation: A History of Sport and Physical Culture in Republican China
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
2004
.
Mosse
,
George L.
The Fascist Revolution: Towards a General Theory of Fascism
.
New York
:
Howard Fertig
,
2000
.
Mulready-Stone
,
Kristin
.
Mobilizing Shanghai Youth: ccp Internationalism, GMD Nationalism, and Japanese Collaboration
.
New York
:
Routledge
,
2015
.
Murdock
,
Michael G.
Disarming the Allies of Imperialism: Agitation, Manipulation, and the State during China’s Nationalist Revolution, 1922–1929
.
Ithaca, NY
:
Cornell East Asia Series
,
2006
.
Musgrove
,
Charles D.
China’s Contested Capital: Architecture, Ritual, and Response in Nanjing
.
Honolulu
:
University of Hawai’i Press
,
2013
.
Nairn
,
Tom
.
The Break-Up of Britain
.
London
:
Verso
,
2003
.
Nedostup
,
Rebecca
.
Superstitious Regimes: Religion and the Politics of Chinese Modernity
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard East Asian Monographs
,
2010
.
Neizhengbu nianjian bianzuan weiyuanhui
.
Neizheng nianjian, di er ce [Domestic Affairs Almanac, vol. 2]
.
Shanghai
:
Shangwu yinshuguan
,
1936
.
Neocleous
,
Mark
.
Fascism
.
Minneapolis
:
University of Minnesota Press
,
1997
.
Wei
Ni
.
“Minzu” xiangxiang yu guojia tongzhi: 1929–1949 nian Nanjing zhengfu de wenyi zhengce yu wenxue yundong [The “national” imaginary and state control: Literary movements and art and literary policies of the Nanjing government, 1929–1949]
.
Shanghai
:
Shanghai jiaoyu chubanshe
,
2003
.
Oldstone-Moore
,
Jennifer Lee
. “
The New Life Movement of Nationalist China: Confucianism, State Authority and Moral Formation
.”
PhD diss.
,
University of Chicago Divinity School
,
2000
.
Osborne
,
Peter
.
The Politics of Time: Modernity and Avant-Garde
.
New York
:
Verso
,
1995
.
Osterhammel
,
Jurgen
. “
Semi-colonialism and Informal Empire in Twentieth-Century China: Towards a Framework of Analysis
.” In
Imperialism and After: Continuities and Discontinuities
, edited by
Mommsen
Wolfgang
and
Osterhammel
Jurgen
.
London
:
Allen and Unwin
,
1993
.
Pan
,
Lynn
.
Shanghai Style: Art and Design between the Wars
.
San Francisco
:
Long River
,
2008
.
Peralta
,
Gabriel Aguilera
. “
Central America between Two Dragons: Relations with the Two Chinas
.” In
Latin America Facing China: South-South Relations beyond the Washington Consensus
, edited by
Jilberto
Alex E. Fernandez
and
Hogenbloom
Barbara
.
New York
:
Berghahn
,
2010
.
Perry
,
Elizabeth J.
Shanghai on Strike: The Politics of Chinese Labor
.
Stanford, CA
:
Stanford University Press
,
1993
.
Perry
,
Elizabeth J.
Social Banditry Revisited: The Case of Bai Lang, a Chinese Brigand
.”
Modern China
9
, no.
3
(
1983
):
355
82
.
Pickowicz
,
Paul G.
,
Shen
Kuiyi
, and
Zhang
Yingjin
, eds.
Liangyou: Kaleidoscopic Modernity and the Shanghai Global Metropolis, 1926–1945
.
Leiden
:
Brill
,
2013
.
Qiubai
Qu
.
Qu Qiubai xuanji [Selected writings of Qu Qiubai]
.
Beijing
:
Renmin chubanshe
,
1984
.
Qiubai
Qu
and
Duxiu
Chen
.
Fan Dai Jitao de guomin geming guan [Countering Dai Jitao’s views on the people’s revolution]
.
Shanghai
:
Xiangdao zhoubao she
,
1925
.
Rabinbach
,
Anson G.
The Aesthetics of Production in the Third Reich
.”
Journal of Contemporary History
11
, no.
4
(
1976
):
43
74
.
Rabinbach
,
Anson G.
The Human Motor: Energy, Fatigue, and the Origins of Modernity
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
1992
.
Reese
,
Roger R.
The Soviet Military Experience: A History of the Soviet Army, 1917–1991
.
New York
:
Routledge
,
2000
.
Robin
,
Corey
.
The Reactionary Mind: Conservatism from Edmund Burke to Sarah Palin
.
New York
:
Oxford University Press
,
2011
.
Rogaski
,
Ruth
.
Hygienic Modernity: Meanings of Health and Disease in Treaty Port China
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
2004
.
Ross
,
Kristin
.
May’68 and Its Afterlives
.
Chicago
:
University of Chicago Press
,
2002
.
Roy
,
M. N.
Revolution and Counterrevolution in China
.
Calcutta
:
Renais sance
,
1946
.
Sayer
,
Derek
.
Capitalism and Modernity: An Excursus on Marx and Weber
.
New York
:
Routledge
,
1991
.
Schmitter
,
Phillipe C.
Still the Century of Corporatism?
Review of Politics
36
, no.
1
(
1974
).
Schnapp
,
Jeffrey T.
Staging Fascism: 18 BL and the Theater of Masses for Masses
.
Stanford, CA
:
Stanford University Press
,
1996
.
Schoenhals
,
Michael
, ed.
China’s Cultural Revolution, 1966–1969: Not a Dinner Party
.
Armonk, NY
:
M. E. Sharpe
,
1996
.
Schwarcz
,
Vera
.
The Chinese Enlightenment: Intellectuals and the Legacy of the May Fourth Movement of 1919
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
1986
.
Schwarcz
,
Vera
. “
Ibsen’s Nora: The Promise and the Trap
.”
Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars
7
, no.
1
(
1975
):
3
5
.
Scott
,
James C.
Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed
.
New Haven, CT
:
Yale University Press
,
1998
.
Shahar
,
Meir
. “
Violence in Chinese Religious Traditions
.” In
The Oxford Handbook of Religion and Violence
, edited by
Juergensmeyer
Mark
,
Kitts
Margo
, and
Jerryson
Michael
.
New York
:
Oxford University Press
,
2012
.
Shih
,
Shu-mei
.
The Lure of the Modern: Writing Modernism in Semicolonial China, 1917–1937
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
2001
.
Silverberg
,
Miriam
.
Erotic Grotesque Nonsense: The Mass Culture of Japanese Modern Times
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
2006
.
So
,
Wai-chor
.
The Kuomintang Left in the National Revolution, 1924–1931: The Leftist Alternative in Republican China
.
New York
:
Oxford University Press
,
1991
.
Qingling
Song
.
Song Qingling xuanji [Selected works of Song Qingling]
.
Jiulong
:
Zhonghua shuju
,
1967
.
Spackman
,
Barbara
.
Fascist Virilities: Rhetoric, Ideology, and Social Fantasy in Italy
.
Minneapolis
:
University of Minnesota Press
,
1996
.
Strauss
,
Julia C.
Strong Institutions in Weak Polities: State Building in Republican China, 1927–1940
.
Oxford
:
Clarendon
,
1998
.
Yat-sen
Sun
.
The International Development of China
.
New York
:
G. P. Putnam’s Sons
,
1929
.
Yat-sen
Sun
.
Sanminzhuyi [Three Principles of the People]
.
Beijing
:
Jiuzhou chubanshe
,
2011
.
Tang
,
Leang-li
.
Chinas kampf gegen den Kommunismus [China’s struggle against Communism]
.
Shanghai
:
Verlag China United Press
,
1935
.
Tang
,
Leang-li
.
Suppressing Communist Banditry in China
.
Shanghai
:
China United Press
,
1934
.
Tang
,
Xiaobing
.
Chinese Modern: The Heroic and the Quotidian
.
Durham, NC
:
Duke University Press
,
2000
.
Tang
,
Leang-li
.
Origins of the Chinese Avant-Garde: The Modern Woodcut Movement
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
2007
.
Taylor
,
Frederic Winslow
.
The Principles of Scientific Management
.
New York
:
Cosimo Classics
,
2006
.
Taylor
,
Jay
.
The Generalissimo: Chiang Kai-shek and the Struggle for Modern China
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Belknap
,
2011
.
Thomas
,
Julia Adeney
, and
Eley
Geoff
, eds. “
Visualizing Fascism in East Asia and Europe: Imagining, Displaying, Looking at Power
.”
Unpublished manuscript
,
2016
.
Tien
,
Hung-Mao
.
Government and Politics in Kuomintang China
.
Stanford, CA
:
Stanford University Press
,
1972
.
Tozer
,
Ralph
. “
Taiwan’s ‘Cultural Renaissance’: A Preliminary View
.”
China Quarterly
, no.
43
(
1970
):
81
99
.
Trotsky
,
Leon
.
Leon Trotsky on China
. Edited by
Evans
Les
and
Block
Russell
.
New York
:
Pathfinder
,
1976
.
Tsin
,
Michael
.
Nation, Governance, and Modernity in China: Canton, 1900–1927
.
Stan-ford, CA
:
Stanford University Press
,
2003
.
Tsui
,
Brian Kai Hin
. “
China’s Conservative Revolution: The Quest for a New Order, 1927–1949
.”
Unpublished manuscript
,
2016
.
Tsui
,
Brian Kai Hin
. “
China’s Forgotten Revolution: Radical Conservatism in Action, 1927–1949
.”
PhD diss.
,
Columbia University
,
2013
.
Tu
,
Wei-ming
.
Confucian Traditions in East Asian Modernity: Moral Education and Economic Culture in Japan and the Four Mini-Dragons
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard University Press
,
1996
.
van de Ven
,
Hans
.
From Friend to Comrade: The Founding of the Chinese Communist Party, 1920–1927
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
1991
.
van de Ven
,
Hans
.
War and Nationalism in China, 1925–1945
.
New York
:
Routledge Curzon
,
2003
.
Wakeman
,
Frederic E.
Policing Shanghai, 1927–1937
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
1995
.
Wakeman
,
Frederic E.
A Revisionist View of the Nanjing De cade: Confucian Fascism
.”
China Quarterly
, no.
150
(
1997
):
295
432
.
Wakeman
,
Frederic E.
Spymaster: Dai Li and the Chinese Secret Service
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
2003
.
Wakeman
,
Frederic E.
, and
Edmonds
Richard L.
, eds.
Reappraising Republican China
.
New York
:
Oxford University Press
,
2000
.
Renyuan
Wan
et al
, eds.
Zhongguo jindai zhencang tupianku: Jiang Jieshi yu guomin zhengfu, shang [Treasures from modern China’s pictorial archives: Chiang Kai-shek and the republican government, vol. 1]
.
Taibei
:
Taiwan shangwu yinshuguan
,
1994
.
Hailong
Wang
.
“Dianyuan de xinshenghuo” [New life for shop keepers]
.
Nanjing
:
Zhongzheng shuju
,
1934
.
Qisheng
Wang
.
Geming yu fangeming: Shehui wenhua shiyexia de minguo zhengfu [Revolution and counterrevolution: The republican government in social and cultural perspective]
.
Beijing
:
Shehui kexue wenxian chubanshe
,
2010
.
Xiaohua
Wang
.
“Mofan” Nanchang: Xinshenghuo yundong ceyuandi [“Emulate” Nanchang: The base of the New Life Movement]
.
Nanchang
:
Jiangxi meishu chubanshe
,
2007
.
Wang
,
Yiyan
. “
Mr. Butterfly in Defunct Capital: ‘Soft’ Masculinity and (Mis)engendering China
.” In
Asian Masculinities: The Meaning and Practice of Manhood in China and Japan
, edited by
Louie
Kam
and
Low
Morris
.
New York
:
Routledge Curzon
,
2003
.
Wang
,
Zheng
.
Women in the Chinese Enlightenment: Oral and Textual Histories
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
1999
.
Ward
,
Max
. “
The Problem of ‘Thought’: Crisis, National Essence, and the Interwar Japanese State
.”
PhD diss.
,
New York University
,
2011
.
Wei
,
William
.
Counterrevolution in China: The Nationalists in Jiangxi during the Soviet Period
.
Ann Arbor
:
University of Michigan Press
,
1985
.
Wells
,
Audrey
.
The Political Thought of Sun Yat-sen: Development and Impact
.
New York
:
Palgrave Macmillan
,
2001
.
Zuo
Wen
and
Bi
Yan
.
“‘Zuolian’ shiqi Guomindang wenyi qikan qiantan” [A brief discussion of Guomindang art and literary periodicals during the “League of Left-Wing Writers” period]
.
Zhongguo wenxue yanjiu
, no.
1
(
2006
):
68
73
.
Wilbur
,
C. Martin
, and
How
Julia Lien-ying
.
Missionaries of Revolution: Soviet Advisers in Nationalist China, 1920–1927
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard University Press
,
1989
.
Wilson
,
David A.
Principles and Profits: Standard Oil Responds to Chinese Nationalism, 1925–1927
.”
Pacific Historical Review
46
, no.
4
(
1977
):
625
47
.
Jie
Wu
, ed.
Zhongwen qikan dacidian [A dictionary of Chinese periodicals]
.
Beijing
:
Beijing daxue chubanshe
,
2000
.
Yiping
Wu
.
“Kangzhan shiqi Zhongguo Guomindang de wenyi zhengce jiqi yunzuo” [The literature and art policy of the Kuomintang, 1937–1945]
.
PhD diss.
,
National Chengchi University
,
2009
.
Yiping
Wu
.
“Wenhua tongzhi yu guojia suzao: Guomindang zhongyang wenhua shiye jihua weiyuanhui, 1936–1937” [Cultural control and national formation: The Guomindang Central Cultural Enterprise Planning Committee, 1936–1937]
.
Paper presented at the Dijiujie liang’an sandi yanjiusheng lunwen fabiaohui
,
Hong Kong, Chu Hai College of Higher Education
,
September 2008
.
Wyatt
,
Don J.
Confucian Ethical Action and the Boundaries of Peace and War
.” In
The Blackwell Companion to Religion and Violence
, edited by
Murphy
Andrew R.
.
New York
:
Wiley Blackwell
,
2011
.
Jizong
Xiao
, ed.
Xinshenghuo yundong shiliao [Historical materials on the New Life Movement]
.
Taibei
:
Zhongguo Guomindang dangshi weiyuan hui, Jingxiaochu zhongyang wenwu gongyingshe
,
1975
.
Youmei
Xiao
.
“Yinyuejia de xinshenghuo” [New life for musicians]
.
Nanjing
:
Zhongzheng shuju
,
1934
.
Xiao
,
Zhiwei
. “
Anti-imperialism and Film Censorship during the Nanjing Decade
.” In
Transnational Chinese Cinemas: Identity, Nationhood, Gender
, edited by
Lu
Sheldon
.
Honolulu
:
University of Hawai’i Press
,
1997
.
Yuansheng
Xiong
.
Nanchang xingying [The Nanchang field headquarters]
.
Nanchang
:
Jiangxi meishu chubanshe
,
2007
.
Enceng
Xu
.
Wo he gongdang douzheng de huiyi [A memoir of my struggles with the Communist Party]
. N.p.,
1953
.
Youwei
Xu
.
“1930 niandai Lixingshe yanzhong de Yidali faxisizhuyi” [Italian fascism as seen by the Vigorous Action Society during the 1930s]
. In
Yijiusanlingniandai de Zhongguo
, vol.
1
, edited by
Zhongguo shehui kexueyuan jindaishi yanjiusuo Minguoshi yanjiu shi
.
Beijing
:
Shehui kexue wenxian chubanshe
,
2006
.
Fu
Yan
and
Chucang
Ye
, eds.
“Funü de xinshenghuo” [New life for women]
.
Nanjing
:
Zhongzheng shuju
,
1935
.
Kuisong
Yang
.
Guomindang de “liangong” yu “fangong” [Kuomintang: Unity with Communists and anti-Communism]
.
Beijing
:
Shehuikexue wenxian chubanshe
,
2008
.
Tianshi
Yang
.
Jiang Jieshi yu Nanjing guomin zhengfu [Chiang Kai-shek and the Nanjing republican government]
.
Beijing
:
Zhongguo renmin daxue chubanshe
,
2007
.
Yao
,
Xinzhong
.
An Introduction to Confucianism
.
New York
:
Cambridge University Press
,
2000
.
Chucang
Ye
and
Gongzhan
Pan
, eds.
“Xuesheng de xinshenghuo” [New life for students]
.
Nanjing
:
Zhongzheng shuju
,
1935
.
Yeh
,
Wen-hsin
, ed.
Becoming Chinese: Passages to Modernity and Beyond
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
2000
.
Yen
,
Hsiao-pei
. “
Body Politics, Modernity and National Salvation: The Modern Girl and the New Life Movement
.”
Asian Studies Review
29
, no.
2
(
2005
):
165
86
.
Yergin
,
Daniel
.
The Prize: The Epic Quest for Money, Oil, and Power
.
New York
:
Free Press
,
2008
.
Young
,
Clarence Kuangson
.
Vers la fin du communisme et du banditisme en Chine
.
Paris
:
Agence Chekiai
,
1934
.
Young
,
C. W. H.
[Hanming Chen]. New Life for Kiangsi
.
Shanghai
:
China Publishing
,
1935
.
Yu
,
Ying-shih
. “
Sun Yat-sen’s Doctrine and Traditional Chinese Culture
.” In
Sun Yat-sen’s Doctrine in the Modern World
, edited by
Cheng
Chu-yuan
.
Boulder, CO
:
Westview
,
1989
.
Zanasi
,
Margherita
.
Saving the Nation: Economic Modernity in Republican China
.
Chicago
:
University of Chicago Press
,
2006
.
Zarrow
,
Peter
.
China in War and Revolution, 1895–1949
.
New York
:
Routledge
,
2005
.
Daming
Zhang
.
Guomindang wenyi sichao: Sanminzhuyi wenyi yu minzuzhuyi wenyi [Trends of Guomindang literary and artistic thought: Three Principles of the People literature and art and nationalist literature and art]
.
Taibei
:
Showwe Information
,
2009
.
Gongyuan
Zhang
.
“Yinhangyuan de xinshenghuo” [New life for bank clerks]
.
Nanjing
:
Zhongzheng shuju
,
1934
.
Junmai
Zhang
.
“Ruijin zhan zai jingshenshang fanggong diyi xian” [Ruijin stands on the spiritual front line of anti-Communism]
. In
Youke hua Jiangxi [Visitors’ accounts of Jiangxi]
,
11
16
.
Shanghai
:
Hanxue Shudian
,
1937
.
Xianwen
Zhang
,
Fang Qingqiu, and Huang Meizhen, eds. Zhonghua minguoshi dacidian [A dictionary of the Republic of China’s history]
.
Nanjing
:
Jiangsu guji chubanshe
,
2001
.
Zhang
,
Yingjin
, ed.
Cinema and Urban Culture in Shanghai, 1922–1943
.
Stanford, CA
:
Stanford University Press
,
1999
.
Zhongguo di’er lishi dang’an guan
.
Guomindang zhengfu zhengzhi zhidu dang’an shiliao xuanbian (shangce) [An anthology of historical materials on the Guomindang political system, volume 1]
.
Hefei
:
Anhui jiaoyu chubanshe
,
1994
.
Zhongguo di’er lishi dang’an guan
, ed.
Zhonghua minguoshi dang’an ziliao huibian, diwuji, diyibian, wenhua (yi) [A compilation of Chinese Republican history archival documents; series 5, volume 1, culture part 1]
.
Nanjing
:
Fenghuang chubanshe
,
1994
.
Daiyin
Zhou
.
“Jingcha de xinshenghuo” [New life for police]
.
Nanjing
:
Zhongzheng shuju
,
1934
.
Zhu
,
Qian
. “
The Politics of Everyday Life: Non-party Leftists in Republican China, 1919–1937
.”
PhD diss.
,
New York University
,
2011
.
Zito
,
Angela
.
Of Body and Brush: Grand Sacrifice as Text/Performance in Eighteenth-Century China
.
Chicago
:
University of Chicago Press
,
1997
.
Žižek
,
Slavoj
.
Organs without Bodies: On Deleuze and Consequences
.
New York
:
Routledge
,
2012
.
PERIODICALS
Donglu yuekan [East route monthly]
1
, nos.
1–4
(
1934
).
Gan Yue Min Xiang E jiaofeijun donglu zongsilingbu bianji weiyuanhui
.
Funü xinshenghuo yuekan [New Life women’s monthly]
1
, nos.
1–8
(
1936–37
).
Nanjing
:
Xinshenghuo yundong cujin zonghui funü zhidao weiyuanhui
.
Ganzai huikan [Jiangxi catastrophe newsletter]
.
1
vol. (
1930
).
Yangzhou
:
Ganzai shan-hou xiejinhui
.
Hanxue zhoukan [Sweat and blood weekly]
.
6
vols. (
1933–37
).
Shanghai
:
Hanxue shudian
.
Jingcheng yuekan [Absolute sincerity monthly]
.
1
vol.,
5
nos. (
1933
).
Nanchang
:
Zhongguo Guomindang di bashisan shi tebie dangbu jingcheng yuekan bianweihui
.
North China Herald, and Supreme Court and Consular Gazette
(
1870–1941
).
Shanghai
.
Qiantu [The future]
.
5
vols. (
1933–37
).
Shanghai
:
Qiantu zazhi she
.
Saodang huabao [Mopping up pictorial]
.
1
vol.,
6
nos. (
1933
).
Nanchang
:
Guomindang junshi weiyuanhui zhengzhi xunlianchu
.
Saodang xunkan [Mopping up thrice monthly]
.
37
nos. (
1933–34
).
Nanchang
:
Guomindang junshi weiyuanhui zhengzhi xunlianchu
.
Shehui xinwen [Society mercury]
.
13
vols. (
1933–36
).
Shanghai
:
Xinguang shuju
.
Shehuizhuyi yuekan [Socialism monthly]
.
1
vol. (
1934
).
Shanghai
:
Shehuizhuyi yuekan she
.
Shidai gonglun [Era public opinion]
.
156
nos. (
1932–35
).
Nanjing
:
Shidai gonglun she
.
Tiexue yuekan [Iron and blood monthly]
.
5
nos. (
1934
).
Nanchang
:
Lujun di shisi shi tebie dangbu
.
Wenhua jianshe [Cultural construction]
.
3
vols. (
1934–37
).
Shanghai
:
Wenhua jianshe she
.
Xinshenghuo yundong cujin zonghui huikan [Periodical of the New Life Movement Promotion Association]
.
33
nos. (
1934–36
).
Xinshengming [New life]
.
3
vols. (
1928–31
).
Shanghai
:
Xinshengming yuekanshe
.
Zhongguo wenhua [Chinese culture]
.
1
, no.
1
(
1930
).
Nanjing
:
Zhongguo wenhua she
.
Zhongguo wenhua jianshe xiehui huibao [Periodical of the Chinese Culture Construction Association]
.
2
vols. (
1934–35
).
Shanghai
:
Zhongguo wenhua jianshe xiehui
.

Figures & Tables

Contents

Advertisement

References

Bibliography

Alber
,
Charles J.
Enduring the Revolution: Ding Ling and the Politics of Literature in Guomindang China
.
Westport, CT
:
Praeger
,
2002
.
Anderson
,
Benedict
.
Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origins and Spread of Nationalism
.
New York
:
Verso
,
1991
.
Anderson
,
Marston
.
The Limits of Realism: Chinese Fiction in the Revolutionary Period
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
1990
.
Averill
,
Stephen C.
The New Life in Action: The Nationalists in South Jiangxi, 1934–1937
.”
China Quarterly
, no.
88
(
1981
):
594
628
.
Averill
,
Stephen C.
Revolution in the Highlands: China’s Jinggangshan Base Area
.
Lanham, MD
:
Rowman and Littlefield
,
2006
.
Chun
Bai
.
“Jiang Jieshi ruhua sanminzhuyi zhi pingxi” [On the train of thought and the essence of Chiang Kai-shek turning Sun Yat-sen’s Three Principles of the People into Confucianism]
.
Nanjing zhengzhi xueyuan xuebao
19
, no.
1
(
2003
):
76
79
.
Balibar
,
Etienne
, and
Wallerstein
Immanuel
.
Race, Nation, Class: Ambiguous Identities
.
New York
:
Verso
,
1991
.
Barlow
,
Tani E.
Debates over Colonial Modernity in East Asia and Another Alternative
.”
Cultural Studies
26
, no.
5
(
2012
):
617
44
.
Barlow
,
Tani E
, ed.
Formations of Colonial Modernity in East Asia
.
Durham, NC
:
Duke University Press
,
1997
.
Barlow
,
Tani E.
The Question of Women in Chinese Feminism
.
Durham, NC
:
Duke University Press
,
2004
.
Bauman
,
Zygmunt
.
Modernity and the Holocaust
.
Ithaca, NY
:
Cornell University Press
,
2001
.
Benjamin
,
Walter
.
Illuminations
. Translated by
Zohn
Harry
.
New York
:
Schocken
,
1988
.
Bergère
,
Marie-Claire
.
Sun Yat-sen
. Translated by
Lloyd
Janet
.
Stanford, CA
:
Stanford University Press
,
1998
.
Berke
,
Joseph H.
,
Pierides
Stella
,
Sabbadini
Andrea
, and
Schneider
Stanley
, eds.
Even Paranoids Have Enemies: New Perspectives on Paranoia and Persecution
.
New York
:
Routledge
,
1998
.
Berman
,
Marshall
.
All That Is Solid Melts into Air: The Experience of Modernity
.
New York
:
Penguin
,
1988
.
Bloch
,
Ernst
.
Heritage of Our Times
. Translated by
Neville
and
Plaice
Stephen
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
1990
.
Bodenhorn
,
Terry D.
, ed.
Defining Modernity: Guomindang Rhetorics of a New China, 1920–1970
.
Ann Arbor
:
University of Michigan Center for Chinese Studies
,
2002
.
Boorman
,
Howard L.
, and
Howard
Richard C.
, eds.
Biographical Dictionary of Republican China
, vol.
1
.
New York
:
Columbia University Press
,
1967
.
Boorman
,
Howard L.
, and
Howard
Richard C.
.
Biographical Dictionary of Republican China
, vol.
3
.
New York
:
Columbia University Press
,
1970
.
Brownell
,
Susan
,
Wasserstrom
Jeffrey
, and
Laqueur
T. W.
, eds.
Chinese Femininities, Chinese Masculinities: A Reader
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
2002
.
Buck-Morss
,
Susan
.
Dreamworld and Catastrophe: The Passing of Mass Utopia in East and West
.
Cambridge
:
MIT Press
,
2000
.
Fu
Chai
, ed.
CC Neimu [The inside story of the cc Clique]
.
Beijing
:
Zhongguo wenshi chubanshe
,
1988
.
Chan
,
Ming K.
Historiography of the Chinese Labor Movement: A Critical Survey and Bibliography of Selected Chinese Source Materials at the Hoover Institution
.
Stanford, CA
:
Hoover Institution Press
,
1981
.
Chan
,
Ming K.
A Turning Point in the Modern Chinese Revolution: The Historical Significance of the Canton De cade, 1917–1927
.” In
Remapping China: Fissures in Historical Terrain
, edited by
Hershatter
Gail
,
Honig
Emily
,
Lipman
Jonathan
, and
Stross
Randall
.
Stanford, CA
:
Stanford University Press
,
1996
.
Chan
,
Ming K.
, and
Dirlik
Arif
.
Schools into Fields and Factories: Anarchists, the Guomindang, and the National Labor University in Shanghai, 1927–1932
.
Durham, NC
:
Duke University Press
,
1991
.
Chang
,
Maria Hsia
.
The Chinese Blue Shirt Society: Fascism and Developmental Nationalism
.
Berkeley
:
Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California
,
1985
.
Chatterjee
,
Partha
.
Nationalist Thought and the Colonial World: A Derivative Discourse
.
Minneapolis
:
University of Minnesota Press
,
1993
.
Chatterjee
,
Partha
.
The Nation and Its Fragments: Colonial and Postcolonial Histories
.
Princeton, NJ
:
Princeton University Press
,
1993
.
Cheek
,
Timothy
, ed.
Mao Zedong and China’s Revolutions: A Brief History with Documents
.
New York
:
Palgrave
,
2002
.
Feng
Chen
.
Huangpu junxiao wanquan dang’an [The complete archive of the Whampoa Military Academy]
.
Beijing
:
Jiuzhou chubanshe
,
2011
.
Chen
,
Guofu
.
Chen Guofu xiansheng quanji. Di’erce: Zhengzhi jingji [The complete works of Mr. Chen Guofu, vol. 2: Politics and economics]
.
Taibei
:
Zhengzhong shuju
,
1952
.
Chen
,
Janet Y.
Guilty of Indigence: The Urban Poor in China, 1900–1953
.
Princeton, NJ
:
Princeton University Press
,
2012
.
Chen
,
Jinxing
. “
The Rise and Fall of the China League for Civil Rights
.”
China Review
6
, no.
2
(
2006
):
121
47
.
Chen
Lifu [Chen Zuyan]
. “
Application of Mechanical and Electrical Devices to Coal Mining in China
.”
Master’s thesis
,
University of Pittsburgh
,
1924
.
Chen
Lifu [Chen Zuyan]
.
Chengbai zhi jian [Reflections on success and failure]
.
Taibei
:
Zhengzhong shuju
,
1994
.
Chen
Lifu [Chen Zuyan]
.
The Storm Clouds Clear over China: The Memoir of Ch’en Li-fu, 1900–1993
. Compiled and edited by
Chang
Sydney H.
and
Myers
Ramon H.
.
Stanford, CA
:
Hoover Institution Press
,
1994
.
Chen
Lifu [Chen Zuyan]
.
Zhongguo dianying shiye [The Chinese film industry]
.
Shanghai
:
Chenbao she
,
1933
.
Chen
Lifu [Chen Zuyan]
.
Zhongguo wenhua jianshe xiehui gaikuang yilan [A general survey of the Chinese Cultural Construction Association]
.
Shanghai
:
Zhongguo wenhua jianshe xiehui
,
1934
.
Yongfa
Chen
.
Zhongguo gongchan geming qishinian, shang [Seventy years of the Chinese Communist Revolution, vol. 1]
.
Taibei
:
Lianjing
,
2001
.
Youxin
Chen
and
Ruilin
Yang
.
Xinshenghuo yundong zhi lilun yu shiji; disanbian: Xinshenghuo yundong minglunji [The New Life Movement in theory and practice, vol. 3: Prominent writers on the New Life Movement]
.
Nanjing
:
Jingguan gaodeng xuexiao
,
1935
.
Cheng
,
Pei-Kai
, and
Leszt
Michael
, eds.
The Search for Modern China: A Documentary Collection
.
New York
:
W. W. Norton
,
1999
.
Chiang
,
Madame May-ling Soong [Madame Chiang Kai-shek]
.
War Messages and Other Selections
.
Hankow
:
China Information Committee
,
1938
.
Chow
,
Tse-tsung
.
The May Fourth Movement: Intellectual Revolution in Modern China
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard University Press
,
1960
.
Chun
,
Allen
. “
From Nationalism to Nationalizing: Cultural Imagination and State Formation in Postwar Taiwan
.”
Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs
31
(
1994
):
46
69
.
Chung
,
Dooeum
.
Élitist Fascism: Chiang Kaishek’s Blueshirts in 1930s China
.
Burlington, VT
:
Ashgate
,
2000
.
Chung
,
Jun-mei
.
Ting Ling: Her Life and Her Work
.
Taibei
:
National Chengchi University
,
1978
.
Clark
,
T. J.
Farewell to an Idea: Episodes from a History of Modernism
.
New Haven, CT
:
Yale University Press
,
1999
.
Clements
,
Barbara Evans
. “
Emancipation through Communism: The Ideology of A. M. Kollontai
.”
Slavic Review
32
, no.
2
(
1973
):
323
88
.
Clinton
,
Maggie
. “
Ends of the Universal: The League of Nations and Chinese Fascism on the Eve of World War II
.”
Modern Asian Studies
48
, no.
6
(
2014
):
1740
68
.
Clinton
,
Margaret
. “
Fascism, Cultural Revolution, and National Sovereignty in 1930s China
.”
PhD diss.
,
New York University
,
2009
.
Coble
,
Parks M.
, Jr.
Facing Japan: Chinese Politics and Japanese Imperialism, 1931–1937
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard East Asian Monograph Series
,
1991
.
Coble
,
Parks M.
, Jr.
The Shanghai Capitalists and the Nationalist Government, 1927–1937
, 2nd ed.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard East Asian Monograph Series
,
1986
.
Cohn
,
Bernard
.
Colonialism and Its Forms of Knowledge: The British in India
.
Princeton, NJ
:
Princeton University Press
,
1996
.
Cowling
,
Mark
, and
Martin
James
, eds.
Marx’s “Eighteenth Brumaire”: (Post)Modern Interpretations
.
Sterling, VA
:
Pluto
,
2002
.
Culp
,
Robert
. “
Rethinking Governmentality: Training, Cultivation, and Cultural Citizenship in Nationalist China
.”
Journal of Asian Studies
65
, no.
3
(
2006
):
529
54
.
Jinhua
Dai
.
Cinema and Desire: Feminist Marxism and Cultural Politics in the Work of Dai Jinhua
. Edited by
Wang
Jing
and
Barlow
Tani E.
.
New York
:
Verso
,
2002
.
Jitao
Dai
.
Sanminzhuyi zhi zhexue de jichu [The philosophical foundations of the Three Principles of the People]
.
Beiping
:
Qingnian Shudian
,
1945
.
Danzker
,
Jo-Anne
,
Lum
Ken
, and
Shengtian
Zheng
, eds.
Shanghai Modern, 1919–1945
.
Munich
:
Hatje Kantz
,
2004
.
Davies
,
Gloria
.
Lu Xun’s Revolution: Writing in a Time of Violence
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard University Press
,
2013
.
De Bary
,
William T.
,
Chan
W.
, and
Lufrano
R.
, eds.
Sources of Chinese Tradition, vol. 2: From 1600 through the Twentieth Century
.
New York
:
Columbia University Press
,
2000
.
Wenyi
Deng
, ed.
Lushan xunlian ji: Jiang Zhongzheng jiang [A compilation of Lushan training materials: Speeches by Chiang Kai-shek]
.
Nanjing
:
Guofangbu xinwenju
,
1947
.
Yuanzhong
Deng
.
Guomindang hexin zhuzhi zhenxiang: Lixingshe, Fuxingshe, yu suowei “Lanyishe” de yanbian yu chengzhang [The truth about the Guomindang’s core organizations: The Forceful Action Society, the Renaissance Society, and the so-called “Blue Shirts”]
.
Taibei
:
Lianjing
,
2000
.
DesForges
,
Andrew
.
Mediasphere Shanghai: The Aesthetics of Cultural Production
.
Honolulu
:
University of Hawai’i Press
,
2007
.
Diamond
,
Norma
. “
Women under Kuomintang Rule: Variations on the Feminine Mystique
.”
Modern China
1
, no.
1
(
1975
):
3
45
.
Dikötter
,
Frank
.
The Age of Openness: China before Mao
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
2008
.
Dikötter
,
Frank
.
Crime, Punishment, and the Prison in Modern China
.
New York
:
Columbia University Press
,
2002
.
Dirlik
,
Arif
.
Anarchism in the Chinese Revolution
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
1991
.
Dirlik
,
Arif
. “
Confucius in the Borderlands: Global Capitalism and the Reinvention of Confucianism
.”
boundary 2
22
, no.
3
(
1995
):
229
73
.
Dirlik
,
Arif
. “
Ideological Foundations of the New Life Movement: A Study in Counterrevolution
.”
Journal of Asian Studies
34
, no.
4
(
1975
):
945
80
.
Dirlik
,
Arif
.
The Origins of Chinese Communism
.
New York
:
Oxford University Press
,
1989
.
Dong
,
Madeleine Y.
Who Is Afraid of the Chinese Modern Girl?
” In
The Modern Girl around the World: Consumption, Modernity, and Globalization
, edited by
Weinbaum
Alys Eve
,
Thomas
Lynn M.
,
Ramamurthy
Priti
,
Poiger
Uta G.
, and
Dong
Madeleine Yue
.
Durham, NC
:
Duke University Press
,
2008
.
Duara
,
Prasenjit
.
Rescuing History from the Nation: Questioning Narratives of Modern China
.
Chicago
:
University of Chicago Press
,
1995
.
Duiker
,
William J.
Ho Chi Minh: A Life
.
New York
:
Hyperion
,
2000
.
Durkheim
,
Émile
.
The Rules of Sociological Method
. Edited by
Lukes
Steven
.
New York
:
Free Press
,
1982
.
Duus
,
Peter
.
The Abacus and the Sword: The Japanese Penetration of Korea, 1895–1910
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
1998
.
Eastman
,
Lloyd E.
The Abortive Revolution: China under Nationalist Rule, 1927–1937
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard University Press
,
1974
.
Eley
,
Geoff
.
Nazism as Fascism: Violence, Ideology, and the Ground of Consent in Germany, 1930–1945
.
New York
:
Routledge
,
2013
.
Esherick
,
Joseph W.
The Many Faces of Chiang Kai-shek
.”
Chinese Historical Review
17
, no.
1
(
2010
):
16
23
.
Yuansheng
Fan
.
“Nongmin de xinshenghuo” [New life for peasants]
.
Nanjing
:
Zhongzheng shuju
,
1934
.
Fanon
,
Frantz
.
The Wretched of the Earth
.
New York
:
Grove
,
1964
.
Feldman
,
Allen
.
Formations of Violence: The Narrative of the Body and Political Terror in Northern Ireland
.
Chicago
:
University of Chicago Press
,
1991
.
Ferlanti
,
Frederica
. “
The New Life Movement in Jiangxi Province, 1934–1938
.”
Modern Asian Studies
44
, no.
5
(
2010
):
961
1000
.
Finnane
,
Antonia
. “
What Should Women Wear? A National Problem
.”
Modern China
22
, no.
2
(
1996
):
99
131
.
Fitzgerald
,
John
.
Awakening China: Politics, Culture, and Class in the Nationalist Revolution
.
Stanford, CA
:
Stanford University Press
,
1996
.
Foucault
,
Michel
.
Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison
.
New York
:
Vintage
,
1995
.
Fung
,
Edmund S. K.
The Intellectual Foundations of Chinese Modernity: Cultural and Political Thought in the Republican Era
.
New York
:
Cambridge University Press
,
2010
.
Fung
,
Edmund S.
Nationalism and Modernity: The Politics of Cultural Conservatism in Republican China
.”
Modern Asian Studies
43
, no.
3
(
2009
):
777
813
.
Furth
,
Charlotte
. “
Culture and Politics in Modern Chinese Conservatism
.” In
The Limits of Change: Essays on Conservative Alternatives in Republican China
, edited by
Furth
Charlotte
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard University Press
,
1976
.
Gellately
,
Robert
.
Backing Hitler: Consent and Coercion in Nazi Germany
.
New York
:
Oxford University Press
,
2001
.
Gerth
,
H. H.
, and
Mills
C. Wright
, eds.
From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology
.
New York
:
Oxford University Press
,
1958
.
Gerth
,
Karl
.
China Made: Consumer Culture and the Creation of the Nation
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard East Asian Monographs
,
2003
.
Gibson
,
Richard M.
, with
Chen
Wenhua
.
The Secret Army: Chiang Kai-shek and the Drug Warlords of the Golden Triangle
.
Singapore
:
John Wiley and Sons
,
2011
.
Gilmartin
,
Christina Kelley
.
Engendering the Chinese Revolution: Radical Women, Communist Politics, and Mass Movements in the 1920s
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
1995
.
Glosser
,
Susan
.
Chinese Visions of Family and State, 1915–1953
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
2003
.
Goodman
,
Bryna
. “
Things Unheard of East or West: Colonialism, Nationalism, and Cultural Contamination in Early Chinese Exchanges
.” In
Twentieth Century Colonialism and China: Localities, the Everyday, and the World
, edited by
Goodman
Bryna
and
Goodman
David S. G.
.
New York
:
Routledge
,
2012
.
Goodman
,
Bryna
, and
Larson
Wendy
, eds.
Gender in Motion: Divisions of Labor and Cultural Change in Late Imperial and Modern China
.
Langham, MD
:
Rowman and Littlefield
,
2005
.
Gramsci
,
Antonio
.
Selections from the Prison Notebooks
. Translated by
Hoare
Quintin
.
New York
:
International Publishers
,
1971
.
Gregor
,
A. James
.
A Place in the Sun: Marxism and Fascism in China’s Long Revolution
.
Boulder, CO
:
Westview
,
2000
.
Griffin
,
Roger
.
Modernism and Fascism: The Sense of a Beginning under Mussolini and Hitler
.
London
:
Palgrave MacMillan
,
2007
.
Griffin
,
Roger
.
The Nature of Fascism
.
New York
:
Routledge
,
1993
.
Zhigang
Guan
.
Xinshenghuo yundong yanjiu [Research on the New Life Movement]
.
Shenzhen
:
Haitian chubanshe
,
1999
.
Guha
,
Ranajit
, and
Spivak
Gayatri Chakravorty
, eds.
Selected Subaltern Studies
.
New York
:
Oxford University Press
,
1998
.
Qingyou
Guo
, ed.
Zhonghua minguo shiqi junzheng zhiguan zhi, shang [A record of military and civil officials during the Chinese Republican period, vol. 1]
.
Lanzhou
:
Gansu renmin chubanshe
,
1990
.
Harootunian
,
Harry
.
History’s Disquiet: Modernity, Cultural Practice, and the Question of Everyday Life
.
New York
:
Columbia University Press
,
2000
.
Harootunian
,
Harry
.
Overcome by Modernity: History, Culture, and Community in Interwar Japan
.
Princeton, NJ
:
Princeton University Press
,
2000
.
Harrison
,
Henrietta
.
The Making of the Republican Citizen: Political Ceremonies and Symbols in China, 1911–1929
.
New York
:
Oxford University Press
,
2000
.
Harvey
,
David
.
The Condition of Postmodernity: An Enquiry into the Origins of Cultural Change
.
New York
:
Wiley-Blackwell
,
1991
.
Harvey
,
David
.
The New Imperialism
.
New York
:
Oxford University Press
,
2003
.
Zhonghan
He
.
He Zhonghan xiansheng jiangshu xuanlu [Selected speeches of Mr. He Zhonghan]
. Edited by
Zhang
Ming
.
Nanjing
:
Tiba Shudian
,
1933
.
Herf
,
Jeffrey
.
Reactionary Modernism: Technology, Culture, and Politics in Weimar and the Third Reich
.
New York
:
Cambridge University Press
,
1986
.
Herzog
,
Dagmar
.
Sex after Fascism: Memory and Morality in Twentieth-Century Germany
.
Princeton, NJ
:
Princeton University Press
,
2007
.
Herzstein
,
Robert E.
Henry R. Luce, Time, and the American Crusade in Asia
.
New York
:
Cambridge University Press
,
2006
.
Hevia
,
James L.
English Lessons: The Pedagogy of Imperialism in Nineteenth-Century China
.
Durham, NC
:
Duke University Press
,
2003
.
He Zhonghan xiansheng zhisang weiyuanhui
.
He Zhonghan xiansheng shilüe [A biographical sketch of Mr. He Zhonghan]
.
Taibei
:
He Zhonghan xiansheng zhisang weiyuanhui
,
1972
.
Hobsbawm
,
Eric
, and
Ranger
Terrence
, eds.
The Invention of Tradition
.
New York
:
Cambridge University Press
,
1987
.
Hofmann
,
Reto
.
The Fascist Effect: Japan and Italy, 1915–1952
.
Ithaca, NY
:
Cornell University Press
,
2015
.
Hong
,
Fan
. “
Blue Shirts, Nationalists, and Nationalism: Fascism in 1930s China
.” In
Superman Supreme: Fascist Body as Political Icon— Global Fascism
, edited by
Mangan
J. A.
.
London
:
Frank Cass
,
2000
.
Jiafeng
Hu
.
Ganzheng shinian: Xiong zhuxi zhiGan shizhounian jinian tekan [A decade of Jiangxi administration: Special edition for the tenth anniversary of Governor Xiong Shihui’s rule]
.
Nanchang
:
Jiangxi shengzhengfu Ganzheng shinian bianji weiyuanhui
,
1941
.
Hu
Shuyi
.
“Ertong de Xinshenghuo” [New life for children]
.
Nanjing
:
Zhongzheng shuju
,
1934
.
Hung
,
Chang-tai
.
Going to the People: Chinese Intellectuals and Folk Literature
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard East Asia Monographs
,
1986
.
Hung
,
Chang-tai
.
War and Popular Culture: Resistance in Modern China
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
1994
.
Eiichi
Iwai
.
Ran’isha ni kansuru chōsa [Investigations into the Blue Shirts]
.
English translation by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. U.S. State Department, Confidential Central Files, China, Internal Affairs, 1945–1949. 893.00/3-3045
.
Jackson
,
Anna
. “
Art Deco in East Asia
.” In
Art Deco 1930–1939
, edited by
Benton
Charlotte
,
Benton
Tim
, and
Wood
Ghislaine
.
Boston
:
Bullfinch
,
2003
.
Jayasuryia
,
Kanishka
. “
Understanding Asian Values as a Form of Reactionary Modernization
.”
Contemporary Politics
4
, no.
1
(
1998
):
77
91
.
Jeans
,
Roger B.
Democracy and Socialism in Republican China: The Politics of Zhang Junmai (Carsun Chang), 1906–1941
.
Lanham, MD
:
Rowman and Littlefield
,
1997
.
Jensen
,
Lionel
.
Manufacturing Confucianism: Chinese Traditions and Universal Civilization
.
Durham, NC
:
Duke University Press
,
1997
.
Judd
,
Ellen R.
Revolutionary Drama and Song in the Jiangxi Soviet
.”
Modern China
9
, no.
1
(
1983
):
127
60
.
Judge
,
Joan
.
Print and Politics: “Shibao” and the Culture of Reform in Late Qing China
.
Stanford, CA
:
Stanford University Press
,
1996
.
Karl
,
Rebecca E.
Staging the World: Chinese Nationalism at the Turn of the Twentieth Century
.
Durham, NC
:
Duke University Press
,
2002
.
Khalili
,
Laleh
. “
Gendered Practices of Counterinsurgency
.”
Review of International Studies
37
, no.
4
(
2011
):
1471
91
.
Kiangsi Rural Reconstruction Centers, Head Office
.
Reconstruction in Rural Kiangsi
.
Nanchang
:
National Economic Council
,
1935
.
Kiangsi Rural Welfare Centers, Head Office
.
New Life Centers in Rural Kiangsi
.
Nanchang
:
National Economic Council
,
1936
.
Kirby
,
William C.
Engineering China: Birth of the Developmental State, 1928–1937
.” In
Becoming Chinese: Passages to Modernity and Beyond
, edited by
Yeh
Wen-hsin
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
2000
.
Kirby
,
William C.
Germany and Republican China
.
Stanford, CA
:
Stanford University Press
,
1984
.
Kirby
,
William C.
Images and Realities of Chinese Fascism
.” In
Fascism outside Europe: The European Impulse against Domestic Conditions in the Diffusion of Fascism
, edited by
Larsen
Stein Ugelvik
.
New York
:
Columbia University Press
,
2001
.
Ko
,
Dorothy
.
Teachers of the Inner Chambers: Women and Culture in Seventeenth-Century China
.
Stanford, CA
:
Stanford University Press
,
1994
.
Koonz
,
Claudia
.
The Nazi Conscience
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Belknap
,
2003
.
Ku
,
Hung-ting
. “
The Merchants versus Government: The Canton Merchants’ Volunteer Corps Incident
.”
Asian Affairs
9
, no.
3
(
1978
):
309
18
.
Kwan
,
Daniel Y. K.
Marxist Intellectuals and the Chinese Labor Movement: A Study of Deng Zhongxia, 1894–1933
.
Seattle
:
University of Washington Press
,
1997
.
Lam
,
Tong
.
A Passion for Facts: Social Surveys and the Construction of the Chinese Nation State, 1900–1949
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
2011
.
Lanza
,
Fabio
.
Behind the Gate: Inventing Students in Beijing
.
New York
:
Columbia University Press
,
2010
.
Lean
,
Eugenia
.
Public Passions: The Trial of Shi Jianqiao and the Rise of Popular Sympathy in Republican China
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
2007
.
Lee
,
Leo Ou-fan
.
Shanghai Modern: The Flowering of a New Urban Culture in China, 1930–1945
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard University Press
,
1999
.
Lenin
,
Vladimir
. “
Can the Bolsheviks Retain State Power?
” In
Lenin’s Collected Works
, vol.
26
,
87
136
.
Moscow
:
Progress
,
1972
. .
Levenson
,
Joseph R.
Confucian China and Its Modern Fate: A Trilogy
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
1968
.
Li
,
Guannan
. “
Culture, Revolution, and Modernity in China: The Guomindang’s Ideology and Enterprise of Reviving China, 1927–1937
.”
PhD diss.
,
University of Oregon
,
2009
.
Li
,
Guannan
. “
Reviving China: Urban Reconstruction in Nanchang and the Guomindang National Revival Movement, 1932–1937
.”
Frontiers of History in China
7
, no.
1
(
2012
):
106
13
.
Haisheng
Li
and
Min
Zhang
.
Minguo liang xiongdi: Chen Guofu yu Chen Lifu [Two brothers of the republic: Chen Guofu and Chen Lifu]
.
Shanghai
:
Shanghai renmin chubanshe
,
2011
.
Li
,
Hsiao-ti
. “
Making a Name and a Culture for the Masses
.”
positions: east asia cultures critique
9
, no.
1
(
2001
):
29
68
.
Yansheng
Li
.
Zhongguo baokan tushi [A pictorial history of Chinese periodicals]
.
Wuhan
:
Hubei renmin chubanshe
,
2005
.
Lipkin
,
Zwia
.
Useless to the State: “Social Problems” and Social Engineering in Nationalist Nanjing, 1927–1937
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard East Asia Monographs
,
2006
.
Jianqun
Liu
.
Fuxing Zhongguo geming zhi lu [The path to reviving the Chinese revolution]
.
Beijing
:
Beijing zhongxian tuofang keji fazhan youxian gongsi
,
2012
.
Liu
,
Lydia H.
Translingual Practice: Literature, National Culture, and Translated Modernity—China, 1900–1937
.
Stanford, CA
:
Stanford University Press
,
1995
.
Louie
,
Kam
.
Theorising Chinese Masculinity: Society and Gender in China
.
New York
:
Cambridge University Press
,
2002
.
Lu
,
Albert
. “
The Renaissance of Rural Kiangsi
.”
China Information Bulletin
2
, no.
2
(
1936
).
Lu
Hsun [Lu Xun]
.
Selected Works of Lu Hsun, vols. 3 and 4
. Edited and translated by
Yang
Gladys
and
Yang
Hsien-Yi
.
Peking
:
Foreign Languages Press
,
1960
.
Xun
Lu
.
Lu Xun quanji
, vol.
6
.
Beijing
:
Beijing wenxue chubanshe
,
2005
.
Lu
,
Yan
.
Re-understanding Japan: Chinese Perspectives, 1895–1945
.
Honolulu
:
University of Hawai’i Press
,
2004
.
Luo
,
Zhitian
.
Inheritance within Rupture: Culture and Scholarship in Early Twentieth Century China
. Translated by
Harris
Lane
and
Mei
Chun
.
Leiden
:
Brill
,
2015
.
Luo
,
Zhitian
.
Liebianzhong de chuancheng: Ershi shiji qianqi de Zhongguo wenhua yu xueshu
.
Beijing
:
Zhonghua shuju
,
2003
.
Fangruo
Ma
, ed.
Zhongguo benwei wenhua jianshe taolunji [A collection of debates about Chinese cultural construction]
.
Shanghai
:
Longwen Shudian
,
1935
.
Maffei
,
Nicolas P.
The Search for an American Design Aesthetic: From Art Deco to Streamlining
.” In
Art Deco 1930–1939
, edited by
Benton
Charlotte
,
Benton
Tim
, and
Wood
Ghislaine
.
Boston
:
Bullfinch
,
2003
.
Maier
,
Charles S.
Between Taylorism and Technocracy: European Ideologies and the Vision of Industrial Productivity in the 1920s
.”
Journal of Contemporary History
5
, no.
2
(
1970
):
27
61
.
Malraux
,
André
.
Man’s Fate
.
New York
:
Vintage
,
1969
.
Mann
,
Michael
.
Fascists
.
New York
:
Cambridge University Press
,
2004
.
Mao
,
Joyce
.
Asia First: China and the Making of Modern American Conservatism
.
Chicago
:
University of Chicago Press
,
2015
.
Marotti
,
William
. “
Japan 1968: The Performance of Violence and the Theater of Protest
.”
American Historical Review
114
, no.
3
(
2009
):
97
153
.
Marx
,
Karl
, and
Engels
Friedrich
.
The Communist Manifesto: A Modern Edition
.
New York
:
Verso
,
1998
.
Mast
,
Herman
, III
, and
Saywell
William G.
. “
Revolution out of Tradition: The Politi cal Ideology of Tai Chi-t’ao
.”
Journal of Asian Studies
34
, no.
1
(
1974
):
73
98
.
Mayer
,
Arno
.
Dynamics of Counterrevolution in Europe, 1870–1956
.
New York
:
Harper and Row
,
1971
.
Mayer
,
Arno
.
The Furies: Violence and Terror in the French and Russian Revolutions
.
Princeton, NJ
:
Princeton University Press
,
2000
.
McClintock
,
Anne
.
Imperial Leather: Race, Gender, and Sexuality in the Colonial Contest
.
New York
:
Routledge
,
1995
.
Michaud
,
Eric
.
The Cult of Art in Nazi Germany
. Translated by
Lloyd
Janet
.
Stanford, CA
:
Stanford University Press
,
2004
.
Minick
,
Scott
, and
Ping
Jiao
.
Chinese Graphic Design in the Twentieth Century
.
London
:
Thames and Hudson
,
2010
.
Morris
,
Andrew D.
Marrow of the Nation: A History of Sport and Physical Culture in Republican China
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
2004
.
Mosse
,
George L.
The Fascist Revolution: Towards a General Theory of Fascism
.
New York
:
Howard Fertig
,
2000
.
Mulready-Stone
,
Kristin
.
Mobilizing Shanghai Youth: ccp Internationalism, GMD Nationalism, and Japanese Collaboration
.
New York
:
Routledge
,
2015
.
Murdock
,
Michael G.
Disarming the Allies of Imperialism: Agitation, Manipulation, and the State during China’s Nationalist Revolution, 1922–1929
.
Ithaca, NY
:
Cornell East Asia Series
,
2006
.
Musgrove
,
Charles D.
China’s Contested Capital: Architecture, Ritual, and Response in Nanjing
.
Honolulu
:
University of Hawai’i Press
,
2013
.
Nairn
,
Tom
.
The Break-Up of Britain
.
London
:
Verso
,
2003
.
Nedostup
,
Rebecca
.
Superstitious Regimes: Religion and the Politics of Chinese Modernity
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard East Asian Monographs
,
2010
.
Neizhengbu nianjian bianzuan weiyuanhui
.
Neizheng nianjian, di er ce [Domestic Affairs Almanac, vol. 2]
.
Shanghai
:
Shangwu yinshuguan
,
1936
.
Neocleous
,
Mark
.
Fascism
.
Minneapolis
:
University of Minnesota Press
,
1997
.
Wei
Ni
.
“Minzu” xiangxiang yu guojia tongzhi: 1929–1949 nian Nanjing zhengfu de wenyi zhengce yu wenxue yundong [The “national” imaginary and state control: Literary movements and art and literary policies of the Nanjing government, 1929–1949]
.
Shanghai
:
Shanghai jiaoyu chubanshe
,
2003
.
Oldstone-Moore
,
Jennifer Lee
. “
The New Life Movement of Nationalist China: Confucianism, State Authority and Moral Formation
.”
PhD diss.
,
University of Chicago Divinity School
,
2000
.
Osborne
,
Peter
.
The Politics of Time: Modernity and Avant-Garde
.
New York
:
Verso
,
1995
.
Osterhammel
,
Jurgen
. “
Semi-colonialism and Informal Empire in Twentieth-Century China: Towards a Framework of Analysis
.” In
Imperialism and After: Continuities and Discontinuities
, edited by
Mommsen
Wolfgang
and
Osterhammel
Jurgen
.
London
:
Allen and Unwin
,
1993
.
Pan
,
Lynn
.
Shanghai Style: Art and Design between the Wars
.
San Francisco
:
Long River
,
2008
.
Peralta
,
Gabriel Aguilera
. “
Central America between Two Dragons: Relations with the Two Chinas
.” In
Latin America Facing China: South-South Relations beyond the Washington Consensus
, edited by
Jilberto
Alex E. Fernandez
and
Hogenbloom
Barbara
.
New York
:
Berghahn
,
2010
.
Perry
,
Elizabeth J.
Shanghai on Strike: The Politics of Chinese Labor
.
Stanford, CA
:
Stanford University Press
,
1993
.
Perry
,
Elizabeth J.
Social Banditry Revisited: The Case of Bai Lang, a Chinese Brigand
.”
Modern China
9
, no.
3
(
1983
):
355
82
.
Pickowicz
,
Paul G.
,
Shen
Kuiyi
, and
Zhang
Yingjin
, eds.
Liangyou: Kaleidoscopic Modernity and the Shanghai Global Metropolis, 1926–1945
.
Leiden
:
Brill
,
2013
.
Qiubai
Qu
.
Qu Qiubai xuanji [Selected writings of Qu Qiubai]
.
Beijing
:
Renmin chubanshe
,
1984
.
Qiubai
Qu
and
Duxiu
Chen
.
Fan Dai Jitao de guomin geming guan [Countering Dai Jitao’s views on the people’s revolution]
.
Shanghai
:
Xiangdao zhoubao she
,
1925
.
Rabinbach
,
Anson G.
The Aesthetics of Production in the Third Reich
.”
Journal of Contemporary History
11
, no.
4
(
1976
):
43
74
.
Rabinbach
,
Anson G.
The Human Motor: Energy, Fatigue, and the Origins of Modernity
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
1992
.
Reese
,
Roger R.
The Soviet Military Experience: A History of the Soviet Army, 1917–1991
.
New York
:
Routledge
,
2000
.
Robin
,
Corey
.
The Reactionary Mind: Conservatism from Edmund Burke to Sarah Palin
.
New York
:
Oxford University Press
,
2011
.
Rogaski
,
Ruth
.
Hygienic Modernity: Meanings of Health and Disease in Treaty Port China
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
2004
.
Ross
,
Kristin
.
May’68 and Its Afterlives
.
Chicago
:
University of Chicago Press
,
2002
.
Roy
,
M. N.
Revolution and Counterrevolution in China
.
Calcutta
:
Renais sance
,
1946
.
Sayer
,
Derek
.
Capitalism and Modernity: An Excursus on Marx and Weber
.
New York
:
Routledge
,
1991
.
Schmitter
,
Phillipe C.
Still the Century of Corporatism?
Review of Politics
36
, no.
1
(
1974
).
Schnapp
,
Jeffrey T.
Staging Fascism: 18 BL and the Theater of Masses for Masses
.
Stanford, CA
:
Stanford University Press
,
1996
.
Schoenhals
,
Michael
, ed.
China’s Cultural Revolution, 1966–1969: Not a Dinner Party
.
Armonk, NY
:
M. E. Sharpe
,
1996
.
Schwarcz
,
Vera
.
The Chinese Enlightenment: Intellectuals and the Legacy of the May Fourth Movement of 1919
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
1986
.
Schwarcz
,
Vera
. “
Ibsen’s Nora: The Promise and the Trap
.”
Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars
7
, no.
1
(
1975
):
3
5
.
Scott
,
James C.
Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed
.
New Haven, CT
:
Yale University Press
,
1998
.
Shahar
,
Meir
. “
Violence in Chinese Religious Traditions
.” In
The Oxford Handbook of Religion and Violence
, edited by
Juergensmeyer
Mark
,
Kitts
Margo
, and
Jerryson
Michael
.
New York
:
Oxford University Press
,
2012
.
Shih
,
Shu-mei
.
The Lure of the Modern: Writing Modernism in Semicolonial China, 1917–1937
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
2001
.
Silverberg
,
Miriam
.
Erotic Grotesque Nonsense: The Mass Culture of Japanese Modern Times
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
2006
.
So
,
Wai-chor
.
The Kuomintang Left in the National Revolution, 1924–1931: The Leftist Alternative in Republican China
.
New York
:
Oxford University Press
,
1991
.
Qingling
Song
.
Song Qingling xuanji [Selected works of Song Qingling]
.
Jiulong
:
Zhonghua shuju
,
1967
.
Spackman
,
Barbara
.
Fascist Virilities: Rhetoric, Ideology, and Social Fantasy in Italy
.
Minneapolis
:
University of Minnesota Press
,
1996
.
Strauss
,
Julia C.
Strong Institutions in Weak Polities: State Building in Republican China, 1927–1940
.
Oxford
:
Clarendon
,
1998
.
Yat-sen
Sun
.
The International Development of China
.
New York
:
G. P. Putnam’s Sons
,
1929
.
Yat-sen
Sun
.
Sanminzhuyi [Three Principles of the People]
.
Beijing
:
Jiuzhou chubanshe
,
2011
.
Tang
,
Leang-li
.
Chinas kampf gegen den Kommunismus [China’s struggle against Communism]
.
Shanghai
:
Verlag China United Press
,
1935
.
Tang
,
Leang-li
.
Suppressing Communist Banditry in China
.
Shanghai
:
China United Press
,
1934
.
Tang
,
Xiaobing
.
Chinese Modern: The Heroic and the Quotidian
.
Durham, NC
:
Duke University Press
,
2000
.
Tang
,
Leang-li
.
Origins of the Chinese Avant-Garde: The Modern Woodcut Movement
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
2007
.
Taylor
,
Frederic Winslow
.
The Principles of Scientific Management
.
New York
:
Cosimo Classics
,
2006
.
Taylor
,
Jay
.
The Generalissimo: Chiang Kai-shek and the Struggle for Modern China
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Belknap
,
2011
.
Thomas
,
Julia Adeney
, and
Eley
Geoff
, eds. “
Visualizing Fascism in East Asia and Europe: Imagining, Displaying, Looking at Power
.”
Unpublished manuscript
,
2016
.
Tien
,
Hung-Mao
.
Government and Politics in Kuomintang China
.
Stanford, CA
:
Stanford University Press
,
1972
.
Tozer
,
Ralph
. “
Taiwan’s ‘Cultural Renaissance’: A Preliminary View
.”
China Quarterly
, no.
43
(
1970
):
81
99
.
Trotsky
,
Leon
.
Leon Trotsky on China
. Edited by
Evans
Les
and
Block
Russell
.
New York
:
Pathfinder
,
1976
.
Tsin
,
Michael
.
Nation, Governance, and Modernity in China: Canton, 1900–1927
.
Stan-ford, CA
:
Stanford University Press
,
2003
.
Tsui
,
Brian Kai Hin
. “
China’s Conservative Revolution: The Quest for a New Order, 1927–1949
.”
Unpublished manuscript
,
2016
.
Tsui
,
Brian Kai Hin
. “
China’s Forgotten Revolution: Radical Conservatism in Action, 1927–1949
.”
PhD diss.
,
Columbia University
,
2013
.
Tu
,
Wei-ming
.
Confucian Traditions in East Asian Modernity: Moral Education and Economic Culture in Japan and the Four Mini-Dragons
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard University Press
,
1996
.
van de Ven
,
Hans
.
From Friend to Comrade: The Founding of the Chinese Communist Party, 1920–1927
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
1991
.
van de Ven
,
Hans
.
War and Nationalism in China, 1925–1945
.
New York
:
Routledge Curzon
,
2003
.
Wakeman
,
Frederic E.
Policing Shanghai, 1927–1937
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
1995
.
Wakeman
,
Frederic E.
A Revisionist View of the Nanjing De cade: Confucian Fascism
.”
China Quarterly
, no.
150
(
1997
):
295
432
.
Wakeman
,
Frederic E.
Spymaster: Dai Li and the Chinese Secret Service
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
2003
.
Wakeman
,
Frederic E.
, and
Edmonds
Richard L.
, eds.
Reappraising Republican China
.
New York
:
Oxford University Press
,
2000
.
Renyuan
Wan
et al
, eds.
Zhongguo jindai zhencang tupianku: Jiang Jieshi yu guomin zhengfu, shang [Treasures from modern China’s pictorial archives: Chiang Kai-shek and the republican government, vol. 1]
.
Taibei
:
Taiwan shangwu yinshuguan
,
1994
.
Hailong
Wang
.
“Dianyuan de xinshenghuo” [New life for shop keepers]
.
Nanjing
:
Zhongzheng shuju
,
1934
.
Qisheng
Wang
.
Geming yu fangeming: Shehui wenhua shiyexia de minguo zhengfu [Revolution and counterrevolution: The republican government in social and cultural perspective]
.
Beijing
:
Shehui kexue wenxian chubanshe
,
2010
.
Xiaohua
Wang
.
“Mofan” Nanchang: Xinshenghuo yundong ceyuandi [“Emulate” Nanchang: The base of the New Life Movement]
.
Nanchang
:
Jiangxi meishu chubanshe
,
2007
.
Wang
,
Yiyan
. “
Mr. Butterfly in Defunct Capital: ‘Soft’ Masculinity and (Mis)engendering China
.” In
Asian Masculinities: The Meaning and Practice of Manhood in China and Japan
, edited by
Louie
Kam
and
Low
Morris
.
New York
:
Routledge Curzon
,
2003
.
Wang
,
Zheng
.
Women in the Chinese Enlightenment: Oral and Textual Histories
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
1999
.
Ward
,
Max
. “
The Problem of ‘Thought’: Crisis, National Essence, and the Interwar Japanese State
.”
PhD diss.
,
New York University
,
2011
.
Wei
,
William
.
Counterrevolution in China: The Nationalists in Jiangxi during the Soviet Period
.
Ann Arbor
:
University of Michigan Press
,
1985
.
Wells
,
Audrey
.
The Political Thought of Sun Yat-sen: Development and Impact
.
New York
:
Palgrave Macmillan
,
2001
.
Zuo
Wen
and
Bi
Yan
.
“‘Zuolian’ shiqi Guomindang wenyi qikan qiantan” [A brief discussion of Guomindang art and literary periodicals during the “League of Left-Wing Writers” period]
.
Zhongguo wenxue yanjiu
, no.
1
(
2006
):
68
73
.
Wilbur
,
C. Martin
, and
How
Julia Lien-ying
.
Missionaries of Revolution: Soviet Advisers in Nationalist China, 1920–1927
.
Cambridge, MA
:
Harvard University Press
,
1989
.
Wilson
,
David A.
Principles and Profits: Standard Oil Responds to Chinese Nationalism, 1925–1927
.”
Pacific Historical Review
46
, no.
4
(
1977
):
625
47
.
Jie
Wu
, ed.
Zhongwen qikan dacidian [A dictionary of Chinese periodicals]
.
Beijing
:
Beijing daxue chubanshe
,
2000
.
Yiping
Wu
.
“Kangzhan shiqi Zhongguo Guomindang de wenyi zhengce jiqi yunzuo” [The literature and art policy of the Kuomintang, 1937–1945]
.
PhD diss.
,
National Chengchi University
,
2009
.
Yiping
Wu
.
“Wenhua tongzhi yu guojia suzao: Guomindang zhongyang wenhua shiye jihua weiyuanhui, 1936–1937” [Cultural control and national formation: The Guomindang Central Cultural Enterprise Planning Committee, 1936–1937]
.
Paper presented at the Dijiujie liang’an sandi yanjiusheng lunwen fabiaohui
,
Hong Kong, Chu Hai College of Higher Education
,
September 2008
.
Wyatt
,
Don J.
Confucian Ethical Action and the Boundaries of Peace and War
.” In
The Blackwell Companion to Religion and Violence
, edited by
Murphy
Andrew R.
.
New York
:
Wiley Blackwell
,
2011
.
Jizong
Xiao
, ed.
Xinshenghuo yundong shiliao [Historical materials on the New Life Movement]
.
Taibei
:
Zhongguo Guomindang dangshi weiyuan hui, Jingxiaochu zhongyang wenwu gongyingshe
,
1975
.
Youmei
Xiao
.
“Yinyuejia de xinshenghuo” [New life for musicians]
.
Nanjing
:
Zhongzheng shuju
,
1934
.
Xiao
,
Zhiwei
. “
Anti-imperialism and Film Censorship during the Nanjing Decade
.” In
Transnational Chinese Cinemas: Identity, Nationhood, Gender
, edited by
Lu
Sheldon
.
Honolulu
:
University of Hawai’i Press
,
1997
.
Yuansheng
Xiong
.
Nanchang xingying [The Nanchang field headquarters]
.
Nanchang
:
Jiangxi meishu chubanshe
,
2007
.
Enceng
Xu
.
Wo he gongdang douzheng de huiyi [A memoir of my struggles with the Communist Party]
. N.p.,
1953
.
Youwei
Xu
.
“1930 niandai Lixingshe yanzhong de Yidali faxisizhuyi” [Italian fascism as seen by the Vigorous Action Society during the 1930s]
. In
Yijiusanlingniandai de Zhongguo
, vol.
1
, edited by
Zhongguo shehui kexueyuan jindaishi yanjiusuo Minguoshi yanjiu shi
.
Beijing
:
Shehui kexue wenxian chubanshe
,
2006
.
Fu
Yan
and
Chucang
Ye
, eds.
“Funü de xinshenghuo” [New life for women]
.
Nanjing
:
Zhongzheng shuju
,
1935
.
Kuisong
Yang
.
Guomindang de “liangong” yu “fangong” [Kuomintang: Unity with Communists and anti-Communism]
.
Beijing
:
Shehuikexue wenxian chubanshe
,
2008
.
Tianshi
Yang
.
Jiang Jieshi yu Nanjing guomin zhengfu [Chiang Kai-shek and the Nanjing republican government]
.
Beijing
:
Zhongguo renmin daxue chubanshe
,
2007
.
Yao
,
Xinzhong
.
An Introduction to Confucianism
.
New York
:
Cambridge University Press
,
2000
.
Chucang
Ye
and
Gongzhan
Pan
, eds.
“Xuesheng de xinshenghuo” [New life for students]
.
Nanjing
:
Zhongzheng shuju
,
1935
.
Yeh
,
Wen-hsin
, ed.
Becoming Chinese: Passages to Modernity and Beyond
.
Berkeley
:
University of California Press
,
2000
.
Yen
,
Hsiao-pei
. “
Body Politics, Modernity and National Salvation: The Modern Girl and the New Life Movement
.”
Asian Studies Review
29
, no.
2
(
2005
):
165
86
.
Yergin
,
Daniel
.
The Prize: The Epic Quest for Money, Oil, and Power
.
New York
:
Free Press
,
2008
.
Young
,
Clarence Kuangson
.
Vers la fin du communisme et du banditisme en Chine
.
Paris
:
Agence Chekiai
,
1934
.
Young
,
C. W. H.
[Hanming Chen]. New Life for Kiangsi
.
Shanghai
:
China Publishing
,
1935
.
Yu
,
Ying-shih
. “
Sun Yat-sen’s Doctrine and Traditional Chinese Culture
.” In
Sun Yat-sen’s Doctrine in the Modern World
, edited by
Cheng
Chu-yuan
.
Boulder, CO
:
Westview
,
1989
.
Zanasi
,
Margherita
.
Saving the Nation: Economic Modernity in Republican China
.
Chicago
:
University of Chicago Press
,
2006
.
Zarrow
,
Peter
.
China in War and Revolution, 1895–1949
.
New York
:
Routledge
,
2005
.
Daming
Zhang
.
Guomindang wenyi sichao: Sanminzhuyi wenyi yu minzuzhuyi wenyi [Trends of Guomindang literary and artistic thought: Three Principles of the People literature and art and nationalist literature and art]
.
Taibei
:
Showwe Information
,
2009
.
Gongyuan
Zhang
.
“Yinhangyuan de xinshenghuo” [New life for bank clerks]
.
Nanjing
:
Zhongzheng shuju
,
1934
.
Junmai
Zhang
.
“Ruijin zhan zai jingshenshang fanggong diyi xian” [Ruijin stands on the spiritual front line of anti-Communism]
. In
Youke hua Jiangxi [Visitors’ accounts of Jiangxi]
,
11
16
.
Shanghai
:
Hanxue Shudian
,
1937
.
Xianwen
Zhang
,
Fang Qingqiu, and Huang Meizhen, eds. Zhonghua minguoshi dacidian [A dictionary of the Republic of China’s history]
.
Nanjing
:
Jiangsu guji chubanshe
,
2001
.
Zhang
,
Yingjin
, ed.
Cinema and Urban Culture in Shanghai, 1922–1943
.
Stanford, CA
:
Stanford University Press
,
1999
.
Zhongguo di’er lishi dang’an guan
.
Guomindang zhengfu zhengzhi zhidu dang’an shiliao xuanbian (shangce) [An anthology of historical materials on the Guomindang political system, volume 1]
.
Hefei
:
Anhui jiaoyu chubanshe
,
1994
.
Zhongguo di’er lishi dang’an guan
, ed.
Zhonghua minguoshi dang’an ziliao huibian, diwuji, diyibian, wenhua (yi) [A compilation of Chinese Republican history archival documents; series 5, volume 1, culture part 1]
.
Nanjing
:
Fenghuang chubanshe
,
1994
.
Daiyin
Zhou
.
“Jingcha de xinshenghuo” [New life for police]
.
Nanjing
:
Zhongzheng shuju
,
1934
.
Zhu
,
Qian
. “
The Politics of Everyday Life: Non-party Leftists in Republican China, 1919–1937
.”
PhD diss.
,
New York University
,
2011
.
Zito
,
Angela
.
Of Body and Brush: Grand Sacrifice as Text/Performance in Eighteenth-Century China
.
Chicago
:
University of Chicago Press
,
1997
.
Žižek
,
Slavoj
.
Organs without Bodies: On Deleuze and Consequences
.
New York
:
Routledge
,
2012
.
PERIODICALS
Donglu yuekan [East route monthly]
1
, nos.
1–4
(
1934
).
Gan Yue Min Xiang E jiaofeijun donglu zongsilingbu bianji weiyuanhui
.
Funü xinshenghuo yuekan [New Life women’s monthly]
1
, nos.
1–8
(
1936–37
).
Nanjing
:
Xinshenghuo yundong cujin zonghui funü zhidao weiyuanhui
.
Ganzai huikan [Jiangxi catastrophe newsletter]
.
1
vol. (
1930
).
Yangzhou
:
Ganzai shan-hou xiejinhui
.
Hanxue zhoukan [Sweat and blood weekly]
.
6
vols. (
1933–37
).
Shanghai
:
Hanxue shudian
.
Jingcheng yuekan [Absolute sincerity monthly]
.
1
vol.,
5
nos. (
1933
).
Nanchang
:
Zhongguo Guomindang di bashisan shi tebie dangbu jingcheng yuekan bianweihui
.
North China Herald, and Supreme Court and Consular Gazette
(
1870–1941
).
Shanghai
.
Qiantu [The future]
.
5
vols. (
1933–37
).
Shanghai
:
Qiantu zazhi she
.
Saodang huabao [Mopping up pictorial]
.
1
vol.,
6
nos. (
1933
).
Nanchang
:
Guomindang junshi weiyuanhui zhengzhi xunlianchu
.
Saodang xunkan [Mopping up thrice monthly]
.
37
nos. (
1933–34
).
Nanchang
:
Guomindang junshi weiyuanhui zhengzhi xunlianchu
.
Shehui xinwen [Society mercury]
.
13
vols. (
1933–36
).
Shanghai
:
Xinguang shuju
.
Shehuizhuyi yuekan [Socialism monthly]
.
1
vol. (
1934
).
Shanghai
:
Shehuizhuyi yuekan she
.
Shidai gonglun [Era public opinion]
.
156
nos. (
1932–35
).
Nanjing
:
Shidai gonglun she
.
Tiexue yuekan [Iron and blood monthly]
.
5
nos. (
1934
).
Nanchang
:
Lujun di shisi shi tebie dangbu
.
Wenhua jianshe [Cultural construction]
.
3
vols. (
1934–37
).
Shanghai
:
Wenhua jianshe she
.
Xinshenghuo yundong cujin zonghui huikan [Periodical of the New Life Movement Promotion Association]
.
33
nos. (
1934–36
).
Xinshengming [New life]
.
3
vols. (
1928–31
).
Shanghai
:
Xinshengming yuekanshe
.
Zhongguo wenhua [Chinese culture]
.
1
, no.
1
(
1930
).
Nanjing
:
Zhongguo wenhua she
.
Zhongguo wenhua jianshe xiehui huibao [Periodical of the Chinese Culture Construction Association]
.
2
vols. (
1934–35
).
Shanghai
:
Zhongguo wenhua jianshe xiehui
.
Close Modal

or Create an Account

Close Modal
Close Modal