Chapter 12 traces the development of Cuba’s in-country health system and then extrapolates this to Cuba’s global health work and impact. The chapter begins with anecdotes from the author’s own experience with the Cuban health care system. It includes descriptions of the Cuban health care infrastructure, the U.S. brain drain of important scientists and medical figures urged to defect to the United States, and the nation’s success in dealing with such health crises as HIV/AIDS.