Book Chapter
Naturalizing the Himalaya-as-Border in Uttarakhand
-
Published:December 2013
This content is only available as PDF.
Bibliography
Abraham
, I.
, and van Schendel
W.
2005
. “Introduction: The Making of Illicitness
.” In van Schendel
W.
and Abraham
I.
, eds., Illicit Flows and Criminal Things
, 1
–37
. Bloomington
: Indiana University Press
.Abrams
, P.
1988
. “Some Notes on the Difficulty of Studying the State
.” Journal of Historical Sociology
1
: 58
–89
.Adelman
, J.
, and Aron
S.
1999
. “From Borderlands to Borders: Empires, Nation-States, and the Peoples in between American History
.” American Historical Review
104
, no. 3
: 814
–41
.Adhikari
, D.
2007
. “Red Army in the Dragon Kingdom
.” Naxal Resistance
, July–September
2009
. Accessed 1 August 2012. naxalresistance.wordpress.com. Originally published in Kantipur
.Agamben
, G.
1998
. Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life
. Translated by Heller-Roazen
D.
Palo Alto, CA
: Stanford University Press
.Agamben
, G.
2005
. State of Exception
. Translated by Attell
K.
Chicago
: University of Chicago Press
.Aggarwal
, R.
2004
. Beyond Lines of Control: Performing Borders in Ladakh, India
. Durham, NC
: Duke University Press
.Aggarwal
, R.
, and Bhan
M.
2009
. “‘Disarming Violence’: Development, Democracy and Security on the Borders of India
.” Journal of Asian Studies
68
, no. 2
: 519
–42
.Ahmed
, I.
2006
. “Bangladesh-India Relations: The Context of SAARC and the Emerging Global Scenario
.” Asian Affairs
28
, no. 2
: 46
–62
.AHURA
. SeeAssociation of Human Rights Activists
.Ali
, S. M.
1993
. The Fearful State: Power, People and Internal War in South Asia
. London
: Zed Books
.Ammelina
, A.
, Nergiz
D. D.
, Faist
T.
, and Schiller
N. Glick
, eds. 2012
. Beyond Methodological Nationalism: Research Methodologies for Cross-Border Studies
. New York
: Routledge
.Amnesty International
. 1992
. Bhutan: Human Rights Violations against the Nepali-speaking Population in the South
. London
: Amnesty International
.Anderson
, B.
1991
. Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism
. London
: Verso
.Anisuzzaman
, A.
2001
. “The Identity Question and Politics
.” In Jahan
R.
, ed., Bangladesh: Promise and Performance
, 45
–56
. Dhaka
: Dhaka University Press
.Ao
, A. M.
1970
. A Brief Historical Account of Nagaland
. Kohima, Nagaland
: Naga Institute of Culture
.Appadurai
, A.
, ed. 1986
. The Social Life of Things: Commodities in Cultural Perspective
. Cambridge
: Cambridge University Press
.Aretxaga
, B.
1998
. “What the Border Hides: Partition and the Gender Politics of Irish Nationalism
.” Social Analysis
42
, no. 1
: 16
–32
. Reprinted in J. Zulaika, ed., States of Terror: Begona Aretxaga’s Essays. Reno, NV: University of Nevada, Center for Basque Studies.
Arnold
, D.
1986
. Police Power and Colonial Rule: Madras, 1859–1947
. Delhi
: Oxford University Press
.Asiwaju
, A. I.
, and Adenyi
, P. O.
eds. 1989
. Borderlands in Africa
. Lagos
: University of Lagos Press
.Association of Human Rights Activists (AHURA)
. 2000
. Bhutan: A Shangri-La without Human Rights
. Jhapa, Nepal
: Association of Human Rights Activists, Bhutan
.Atkinson
, E. T.
1881
. Gazetteer of the Himalayan Districts of the North Western Provinces of India
. Vol. 2
. Allahabad
: Oudh Press
. Reprinted as The Himalayan Gazetteer (New Delhi: COSMO, 1973)
.Bandopadhyaya
, M.
1973
. Padma River Boatman
. Translated by Painter
B.
and Lovelock
Y.
St. Lucia, Queensland
: University of Queensland Press
. Originally published as Padma Nadir Majhi (Calcutta: Granthalaya, 1934)
.Banerjee
, P.
2001
. “Between Two Armed Patriarchies: Women in Assam and Nagaland
.” In Manchanda
R.
, ed., Women, War and Peace in South Asia: Beyond Victimhood to Agency
, 131
–76
. Delhi
: Sage
.Banerjee
, P.
, and Chaudhury
A. Basu Ray
, eds. 2011
. Women in Indian Borderlands
. London
: Sage
.Barpujari
, H. K.
1992
. The Comprehensive History of Assam
. Vol. 2
. Guwahati
: Assam Publication Board
.Barth
, F.
, ed. 1969
. Introduction to Ethnic Groups and Boundaries, 1–38
. Boston
: Little, Brown
.Baruah
, S.
1999
. India against Itself: Assam and the Politics of Nationality
. Philadelphia
: University of Pennsylvania Press
.Baruah
, S.
2003a
. “Nationalizing Space: Cosmetic Federalism and the Politics of Development in Northeast India
.” Development and Change
34
, no. 5
: 915
–39
.Baruah
, S.
2003b
. “Protective Discrimination and Crisis of Citizenship in North-East India
.” Economic and Political Weekly
38
, no. 17
: 1624
–26
.Baruah
, S.
2004a
. Between South and Southeast Asia: Northeast India and the Look East Policy
. CENISEAS Papers 4
. Guwahati
: Centre for Northeast India, South and Southeast Asia Studies
.Baruah
, S.
2004b
. “Citizens and Denizens: Ethnicity, Homelands and Crisis of Displacement in North East India
.” Social Change and Development
2
, no. 1
: 105
–30
.Baruah
, S.
2005
. Durable Disorder: Understanding the Politics of Northeast India
. Delhi
: Oxford University Press
.Baruah
, S.
ed. 2009
. Beyond Counter-Insurgency: Breaking the Impasse in Northeast India
. Delhi
: Oxford University Press
.Basaran
, T.
2008
. “Security, Law, Borders: Spaces of Exclusion
.” International Political Sociology
2
: 339
–54
.Bates
, R. H.
1998
. “Comment on ‘Structure and Strategy in Ethnic Conflict’ by Donald L. Horowitz
.” In Bleskovic
B.
and Stiglitz
J. E.
, eds., Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics
, 371
–76
. Washington, DC
: World Bank
.Baud
, M.
, and van Schendel
W.
1997
. “Toward a Comparative History of Borderlands
.” Journal of World History
8
, no. 2
: 211
–42
.Baylen
, J. O.
1969
. “W. T. Stead’s ‘Borderland: A Quarterly Review and Index of Psychic Phenomena,’ 1893–97
.” Victorian Periodicals Newsletter
2
, no. 1
: 30
–35
.Behera
, N.
2000
. State, Identity and Violence: Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh
. New Delhi
: Manohar
.Bénéi
, V.
2000
. “Teaching Nationalism in Maharashtra Schools
.” In Fuller
C. J.
and Bénéi
V.
, eds., The Everyday State and Society in Modern India
, 194
–221
. New Delhi
: Social Science Press
.Bennett
, L.
2006
. Unequal Citizens: Gender, Caste, and Ethnic Exclusion in Nepal
. Kathmandu
: World Bank and DFID
.Berdahl
, D.
1999
. Where the World Ended: Re-unification and Identity in the German Borderland
. Berkeley
: University of California Press
.Berenschot
, W.
2008
. “Moneypower and Musclepower in a Gujarati Locality: On the Usefulness of Goondas in Indian Politics
.” Amsterdam School for Social Science Research Working Paper
8
, no. 4
: 1
–16
.Berti
, D.
, and Tarabout
, G.
eds. 2009
. Territory, Soil and Society in South Asia
. Delhi
: Manohar
.Bhasin
, A. S.
, ed. 1996
. India-Bangladesh Relations 1971–1994: Documents
. Vol. 2
. Delhi
: Siba Exim
.Bhattacharjee
, J. B.
1997
. “The Eastern Himalayan Trade of Assam in the Colonial Period
.” In Dutta
S.
, ed., Studies in the History, Economy and Culture of Arunachal Pradesh
, 269
–85
. Itanagar, India
: Himalayan
.Bhattacharjee
, J. B.
2002
. “Cross-Country Trade of Arunachal Pradesh in Retrospect
.” In Dutta
S.
, ed., Cross-Border Trade of North-East India
, 33
–41
. Gurgaon
: Hope India
.Bhuyan
, S. K.
1974
. Anglo-Assamese Relations, 1771–1826
. Gauhati, India
: Lawyer’s Book Stall
.Blackburn
, S.
2007
. “Oral Stories and Culture Areas: From Northeast India to Southwest China
.” In de Maaker
E.
and Joshi
V.
, eds., “Northeast and Beyond: Region and Change.” Special issue. South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies
30
, no. 3
: 419
–37
.Blaikie
, P.
, Cameron
J.
, and Seddon
D.
1980
. Nepal in Crisis: Growth and Stagnation at the Periphery
. Delhi
: Oxford University Press
.Bolton
, H. E.
[1921]. 1996
. The Spanish Borderlands: A Chronicle of Old Florida and the Southwest
. Albuquerque
: University of New Mexico Press
.Borneman
, M.
1997
. “State, Territory and National Identity Formation in the Two Berlins, 1945–1995
.” In Gupta
A.
and Ferguson
J.
, eds., Culture, Power, Place: Explorations in Critical Anthropology
, 93
–117
. Durham, NC
: Duke University Press
.Bose
, M. L.
1979
. Historical and Constitutional Documents of North-Eastern India: 1824–1973
. Delhi
: Concept
.Boyd
, T. P.
1922
. Borderland Experiences; Or, Do the Dead Return? A Study of Spirit States and Activities
. San Francisco
: T. P. Boyd
.Brass
, P.
1984
. “National Power and Local Politics in India: A Twenty-Year Perspective
.” Modern Asian Studies
18
, no. 1
: 89
–118
.Brass
, P.
1997
. Theft of an Idol: Text and Context in the Representation of Collective Violence
. Princeton, NJ
: Princeton University Press
.Bray
, J.
, ed. 2005
. Ladakhi Histories: Local and Regional Perspectives
. Leiden
: Brill
.Bruslé
, T.
2010
. “Who’s in a Labour Camp? A Socio-economic Analysis of Nepalese Migrants in Qatar
.” European Bulletin of Himalayan Research
, nos. 35–36
: 154
–170
.Burling
, R.
2007
. “Language Ethnicity and Migration in Northeast India
.” In de Maaker
E.
and Joshi
V.
, eds., “Northeast and Beyond: Region and Change.” Special issue. South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies
30
, no. 3
: 391
–403
.Butalia
, U.
1998
. The Other Side of Silence: Voices from the Partition of India
. New Delhi
: Penguin
.Butalia
, U.
2003
. “The Nowhere People
.” In Bagchi
J.
and Dasgupta
S.
, eds., The Trauma and the Triumph: Gender and Partition in East India
, 113
–22
. Kolkata
: Stree
.Campbell
, B.
1997
. “The Heavy Loads of Tamang Identity
.” In Gellner
D. N.
, Pfaff-Czarnecka
J.
, and Whelpton
J.
, eds., Nationalism and Ethnicity in a Hindu Kingdom: The Politics of Culture in Contemporary Nepal
, 205
–35
. Amsterdam
: Harwood
.CBS
. 2007
. Rastriya Janganana, 2058: Jat/jatiko Jansankhya [National Census 2001: Caste/Ethnic Breakdown]
. Thapathali, Kathmandu
: Central Bureau of Statistics
. Accessed 16 May 2013. http://cbs.gov.np/
.Chakrabarti
, P. K.
1999
. The Marginal Men: The Refugees and the Left Political Syndrome in West Bengal
. Calcutta
: Naya Udyog
.Chakrabarty
, D.
1996
. “Remembered Villages: Representation of Hindu-Bengali Memories in the Aftermath of the Partition
.” Economic and Political Weekly
31
, no. 32
: 2143
–51
.Chakravarti
, P. C.
1971
. The Evolution of India’s Northern Borders
. London
: Asia Publishing House for the Indian Council of World Affairs
.Chatterjee
, G.
2012
. “How Not to Love Thy Minority in Pashchimbanga
.” Daily Star (Dhaka)
, 13
February
. Accessed 13 February 2012. www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=222132
.Chatterjee
, N.
1990
. “Interrogating Victimhood: East Bengali Refugee Narratives of Communal Violence
.” Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill
. Accessed 1 May 2012. http://www.swadhinata.org.uk/document/chatterjeeEastBengal%20Refugee.pdf
.Chatterjee
, P.
2004
. The Politics of the Governed: Reflections on Popular Politics in Most of the World
. Delhi
: Permanent Black
.Chatterjee
, P.
, and Jeganathan
, P.
eds. 2000
. Subaltern Studies XI: Community, Gender, and Violence
. Delhi
: Permanent Black
.Chatterji
, B.
1981
. “The Darogah and the Countryside: The Imposition of Police Control in Bengal and Its Impact (1793–1837)
.” Indian Economic and Social History Review
18
, no. 1
: 19
–42
.Chatterji
, J.
1994
. Bengal Divided: Hindu Communalism and Partition 1932–1947
. Cambridge
: Cambridge University Press
.Chatterji
, J.
1996
. “The Bengali Muslim: A Contradiction in Terms? An Overview of the Debate on Bengali Muslim Identity
.” Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa, and the Middle East
16
, no. 2
: 16
–24
.Chatterji
, J.
1999
. “The Fashioning of a Frontier: The Radcliffe Line and Bengal’s Border Landscape, 1947–52
.” Modern Asian Studies
33
, no. 1
: 185
–242
.Chatterji
, S. K.
1955
. The Place of Assam in the History and Civilization of India
. Gauhati, India
: Gauhati University Press
.Chattopadhyay
, B.
2000
. Crime and Control in Early Colonial Bengal, 1770–1860
. Calcutta
: K. P. Bagchi
.Clarence-Smith
, W. G.
2010
. “Editorial note — Zomia and Beyond
.” Journal of Global History
5
: 185
–86
.Coedès
, G.
1968
. The Indianized States of Southeast Asia
. Edited by Vella
W. F.
Translated by Cowing
S. B.
Honolulu
: East-West Center Press
.Cohn
, B.
1987
. “The Census, Social Structure, and Objectification in South Asia
.” In Cohn
B.
, ed., An Anthropologist among the Historians and Other Essays
, 224
–54
. Delhi
: Oxford University Press
.Collier
, P.
1998
. “The Political Economy of Ethnicity
.” In Bleskovic
B.
and Stiglitz
J. E.
, eds., Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics
, 387
–99
. Washington, DC
: World Bank
.Cons
, J.
2007
. “The Tin Bigha Corridor 15 Years On: Official and Unofficial Views
.” Forum: A Monthly Publication of the Daily Star
, October
.Cons
, J.
2014
. “The Fragments and Their Nation(s): Sensitive Space at the Indian-Bangladesh Border
.” Unpublished manuscript
.Corbridge
, S.
, Williams
, G.
Srivastava
M.
, and Véron
R.
2005
. Seeing the State: Governance and Governmentality in India
. Cambridge
: Cambridge University Press
.Curzon
, G.
1907
. Frontiers
. The Romanes Lecture, delivered on 2 November 1907 at the Sheldonian Theatre
, Oxford
. .Das
, S. K.
2007
. “Conflict and Peace in India’s Northeast: The Role of Civil Society
.” Policy Studies
42
. Washington DC
: East-West Center
.Das
, V.
2004
. “The Signature of the State: The Paradox of Illegibility
.” In Das
V.
and Poole
D.
, eds., Anthropology in the Margins of the State
, 225
–52
. Santa Fe
: School of American Research Press
.Das
, V.
, and Poole
, D.
eds. 2004
. Anthropology in the Margins of the State
. Santa Fe
: School of American Research Press
.Das Gupta
, J.
1988
. “Ethnicity, Democracy and Development in India: Assam in a General Perspective
.” In Kohli
A.
, ed., India’s Democracy: An Analysis of Changing State-Society Relations
, 144
–68
. Princeton, NJ
: Princeton University Press
.Dasgupta
, A.
2001
. “The Politics of Agitation and Confession: Displaced Bengalis in West Bengal
.” In Roy
S. K.
, ed., Refugees and Human Rights
, 95
–129
. New Delhi
: Rawat
.Des Chene
, M. K.
1991
. “Relics of Empire: A Cultural History of the Gurkhas 1815–1987
.” PhD diss
., Stanford University
.de Wilde
, R.
2009
. “Opium Poppy Husk Traders in Rajasthan: The Lives and Work of Businessmen in the Contemporary Indian Opium Industry
.” PhD diss
., London School of Economics and Political Science
.Diener
, A.
, and Hagen
, J.
eds. 2010a
. Borderlines and Borderlands: Political Oddities at the Edge of the Nation-State
. New York
: Rowman and Littlefield
.Diener
, A.
, and Hagen
J.
2010b
. “Conclusion: Borders in a Changing Global Context.” In A. Diener and J. Hagen, eds.,
Borderlines and Borderlands: Political Oddities at the Edge of the Nation-State
, 189
–94
. New York
: Rowman and Littlefield
.Dixit
, K. M.
2003
. “The Myth-Making of Greater Nepal.” In A. C. Sinha and T. B. Subba, eds.,
The Nepalis in Northeast India: A Community in Search of Indian Identity
, 321
–38
. New Delhi
: Indus
.Dolfuss
, P.
, Lecomte-Tilouine
M.
, and Aubriot
O.
2001
. “Un araire dans la tête: Réflexions sur la répartition géographique de l’outil en Himalaya
.” Techniques and Culture
37
: 3
–50
.Donnan
, H.
, and Wilson
T. M.
1999
. Borders: Frontiers of Identity, Nation and State
. Oxford
: Berg
.Donnan
, H.
, and Wilson
T. M.
2010
. “Ethnography, Security and the ‘Frontier Effect’ in Borderlands
.” In Donnan
H.
and Wilson
T. M.
, eds., Borderlands: Ethnographic Approaches to Security, Power, and Identity
, 1
–20
. Lanham, MD
: University Press of America
.D’Souza
, A.
2001
. Traditional Systems of Forest Conservation in North-East India: The Angami Tribe of Nagaland
. Guwahati, India
: North-Eastern Social Research Centre
.Dube
, S.
, ed. 2004
. Postcolonial Passages: Contemporary History Writing in India
. Delhi
: Oxford University Press
.Dutta
, S.
, and Jha
B. N.
2002
. “Historical Perspectives of the Cross-Country Trade through Tawang Route
.” In Dutta
S.
, ed., Cross-Border Trade of North-East India
, 61
–71
. Gurgaon
: Hope India
.Eaton
, R. M.
1993
. The Rise of Islam and the Bengal Frontier, 1204–1760
. Berkeley
: University of California Press
.Eaton
, R. M.
1997
. “Comparative History as World History: Religious Conversion in Modern India
.” Journal of World History
8
, no. 2
: 243
–71
.Eck
, D. L.
1998
. Darsan: Seeing the Divine Image in India
. New York
: Columbia University Press
.Elwin
, V.
[1957]. 1999
. A Philosophy for NEFA (Arunachal Pradesh)
. Itanagar, India
: Directorate of Research, Government of Arunachal Pradesh
.Elwin
, V.
1961
. Nagaland
. Shillong, India
: Research Department, Advisor’s Secretariat. Ethnographical Survey of India
. 1909
. Anthropometric Data from the N.W. Borderland. Calcutta
.Farrelly
, N.
2010
. “Spatial Control and Symbolic Politics at the Intersection of China, India and Burma
.” DPhil thesis
, University of Oxford
.Farrelly
, N.
2011
. “One Observation, Ten Questions and Much to Ponder about the New Kachin War
.” New Mandala
, 6
October
. Accessed 28 May 2013. asiapacific.anu.edu.au/newmandala
.Farrelly
, N.
2012
. “3,000 Dead Burmese Soldiers?
” New Mandala
, 11
April
. Accessed 28 May 2013. Asiapacific.anu.edu.au/newmandala
.Fernandes
, W.
, and Pereira
M.
2005
. Changing Land Relations and Ethnic Conflicts: The Case of North-Eastern India
. Guwahati, India
: North-Eastern Social Research Centre
.Foucault
, M.
1991
. “Governmentality
.” In Burchell
G.
, Gordon
C.
, and Miller
P.
, eds., The Foucault Effect: Studies in Governmentality
, 87
–105
. Chicago
: University of Chicago Press
.Franke
, M.
2009
. War and Nationalism in South Asia: The Indian State and the Nagas
. Abingdon, UK
: Routledge
.Freitag
, S. B.
1991
. “Crime in the Social Order of Colonial North India
.” Modern Asian Studies
25
, no. 2
: 227
–61
.Friedman
, L.
2005
. A Simplified Account of the Conflict in Nepal to December 2004
. Kathmandu
: Shtrii Shakti
.Gaige
, F. H.
[1975]. 2009
. Regionalism and National Unity in Nepal
. Kathmandu
: Social Science Baha
.Gangopadhyay
, D. K.
1990
. Revenue Administration in Assam
. Dispur, Assam
: Government of Assam
.Geertz
, C.
1980
. Negara: The Theatre State in Nineteenth-Century Bali
. Princeton, NJ
: Princeton University Press
.Gellner
, D. N.
1991
. “Hinduism, Tribalism, and the Position of Women: The Problem of Newar Identity
.” Man
, n.s., 26
, no. 1
: 105
–25
. Reprinted in D. N. Gellner, The Anthropology of Buddhism and Hinduism (Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2001)
.Gellner
, D. N.
2012
. “Uncomfortable Antinomies: Going beyond Methodological Nationalism in Social and Cultural Anthropology
.” In Ammelina
A.
, Nergiz
D. D.
, Faist
T.
, and Schiller
N. Glick
, eds., Beyond Methodological Nationalism: Research Methodologies for Cross-Border Studies
, 111
–28
. New York
: Routledge
.Gellner
, D. N.
2013
. “Warriors, Workers, Traders, and Peasants: The Nepali/Gorkhali Diaspora since the Nineteenth Century
.” In Washbrook
D.
and Chatterjee
J.
, eds., Routledge Handbook of South Asian Diasporas
, 134
–48
. London
: Routledge
.Ghosh
, A. G.
1993
. “Problem of the Integration of Coochbehar State with Indian Union
.” In Ray
N. R.
, ed., Dimensions of National Integration: The Experiences and Lessons of Indian History
, 407
–19
. Calcutta
: Punthi Pustak
.Ghosh
, G.
1998
. “ ‘God Is a Refugee’: Nationalism, Morality and History in the 1947 Partition of India
.” Social Analysis
42
, no. 1
: 33
–62
.Ghosh
, P.
, Mishra
D. K.
, and Upadhyay
V.
2005
. Electoral Politics in Arunachal Pradesh: An Analysis of the 14th Loksabha Election
. Guwahati, India
: Omeo Kumar Das Institute of Development Studies Project Report
.Gibson
, L. J.
, and Renteria
A. C.
1985
. The U.S. and Mexico: Borderland Development and the National Economies
. Boulder, CO
: Westview
.Giersch
, C. P.
2006
. Asian Borderlands: The Transformation of Qing China’s Yunnan Frontier
. Cambridge
: Harvard University Press
.Giersch
, C. P.
2010
. “Across Zomia with Merchants, Monks, and Musk: Process Geographies, Trade Networks, and the Inner-East–Southeast Asian Borderlands
.” Journal of Global History
5
: 215
–39
.Gillan
, M.
2002
. “Refugees or Infiltrators? The Bharatiya Janata Party and ‘Illegal’ Migration from Bangladesh
.” Asian Studies Review
26
, no. 1
: 73
–95
.Gordon
, S.
1994
. Marathas, Marauders, and State Formation in Eighteenth-Century India
. Delhi
: Oxford University Press
.Goswami
, A.
2002
. Introduction
to Goswami
A.
, ed., Traditional Self-governing Institutions among the Hill Tribes of North-east India
, 1
–19
. New Delhi
: Akansha
.Goswami
, M.
2004
. Producing India: From Colonial Economy to National Space
. Chicago
: Chicago University Press
.Goswami
, N.
2007
. “The Naga Narrative of Conflict: Envisioning a Resolution Roadmap
.” Strategic Analysis
31
, no. 2
: 287
–313
.Goswami
, N.
2008
. “The Naga Rebel Groups: Narratives of Dissent
.” In Das
P.
and Goswami
N.
, eds., India’s Northeast: New Vistas for Peace
, 117
–33
. Delhi
: Manas Publication and Institute for Defence Studies and Analysis
.Government of Arunachal Pradesh
. 2006
. Arunachal Pradesh Human Development Report 2005
. Itanagar, India
: Government of Arunachal Pradesh
.Government of Arunachal Pradesh
. 2009
. Arunachal Pradesh Development Report
. Delhi
: Academic
.Gravers
, M.
2007
. “Conversion and Identity: Religion and the Formation of Karen Ethnic Identity in Burma
.” In Gravers
M.
, ed., Exploring Ethnic Diversity in Burma
, 227
–58
. Copenhagen
: Nias Press
.Grist
, N.
1998
. “Local Politics in the Suru Valley of Northern India
.” PhD diss
., Goldsmith’s College, University of London
.Guha
, A.
1991
. Medieval and Early Colonial Assam: Society, Polity, Economy
. Calcutta
: K. P. Bagchi
.Guha
, S.
1999
. Environment and Ethnicity in India, 1200–1991
. Cambridge
: Cambridge University Press
.Gupta
, A.
1995
. “Blurred Boundaries: The Discourse of Corruption, the Culture of Politics, and the Imagined State
.” American Ethnologist
22
, no. 2
: 375
–402
.Gupta
, R.
2011
. “Piety, Politics and Patriotism in Kargil, India
.” DPhil diss
., University of Oxford
.Gutiérrez-Witt
, L.
1990
. “United States–Mexico Border Studies and Borderline
.” Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos
6
, no. 1
: 121
–31
.Hansen
, T. B.
2001
. Wages of Violence: Naming and Identity in Postcolonial Bombay
. Princeton, NJ
: Princeton University Press
.Hansen
, T. B.
, and Stepputat
, F.
eds. 2001
. States of Imagination: Ethnographic Explorations of the Postcolonial State
. Durham, NC
: Duke University Press
.Hansen
, T. B.
, eds. 2005
. Sovereign Bodies: Citizens, Migrants, and States in the Postcolonial World
. Durham, NC
: Duke University Press
.Harriss-White
, B.
, Mishra
D. K.
, and Upadhyay
V.
2009
. “Institutional Diversity and Capitalist Transition: The Political Economy of Agrarian Change in Arunachal Pradesh, India
.” Journal of Agrarian Change
9
, no. 4
: 512
–47
.Harriss-White
, B.
, Prakash
A.
, and Mishra
D.
2010
. “Globalisation, Economic Citizenship and India’s Developmentalism
.” Unpublished manuscript
.Hausner
, S. L.
2005
. Migration, Trafficking and Prostitution in the Context of Nepal’s Armed Conflict
. Kathmandu
: Save the Children-USA
.Hausner
, S. L.
2007a
. “Border Towns in the Tarai: Sites of Migration
.” In Chhetri
R. B.
and Uprety
L. P.
, eds., Occasional Papers in Sociology and Anthropology 10
, 107
–23
. Kathmandu
: Tribhuvan University, Central Department of Sociology and Anthropology
.Hausner
, S. L.
2007b
. Wandering with Sadhus: Ascetics in the Hindu Himalayas
. Bloomington
: Indiana University Press
.Heine-Geldern
, R.
1942
. “Conceptions of State and Kingship in Southeast Asia
.” Far Eastern Quarterly
2
, no. 1
: 15
–30
.Herzog
, L. A.
1990
. Where North Meets South: Cities, Space, and Politics on the U.S.-Mexico Border
. Austin, TX
: Center for Mexican American Studies
.Heyman
, J.
1994
. “The Mexico–United States Border in Anthropology: A Critique and Reformulation
.” Journal of Political Ecology
1
: 43
–66
.Heyman
, J.
1995
. “Putting Power in the Anthropology of Bureaucracy: The Immigration and Naturalization Service at the Mexico–United States Border
.” Current Anthropology
36
, no. 2
: 261
–87
.Himal
. 2009
. “Fresh Paradigms for Peace: Evolving a New Framework for Negotiations in North Southasia (Excerpts from the Eighth Panos-Himal Roundtable, 6–7 Oct 2009, in Salzburg)
.” Himal South Asian
, December
. Accessed 23 January 2010. www.himalmag.com
.Hinton
, R.
1996
. “Health in Transition: The Bhutanese Refugees
.” PhD diss
., University of Cambridge
.Hitchcock
, J. T.
1961
. “A Nepalese Hill Village and Indian Employment
.” Asian Survey
1
, no. 9
: 15
–20
.Hoftun
, M.
, Raeper
W.
, and Whelpton
J.
1999
. People, Politics, and Ideology: Democracy and Social Change in Nepal
. Kathmandu
: Mandala Book Point
.Horstmann
, A.
2004
. “Incorporation and Resistance: Borderlands, Transnational Communities and Social Change in Southeast Asia
.” Accessed 28 May 2013. www.transcomm.ox.ac.uk
.House
, J. W.
1982
. Frontier on the Rio Grande: A Political Geography of Development and Social Deprivation
. Oxford
: Clarendon
.HRW
. 2003
. Trapped by Inequality: Bhutanese Refugee Women in Nepal
. New York
: Human Rights Watch
.HRW
. 2007
. Last Hope: The Need for Durable Solutions for Bhutanese Refugees in Nepal and India
. New York
: Human Rights Watch
.HUROB
. 1992
. Annual Report
. Kathmandu
: Human Rights Organisation of Bhutan
.Hussanan
, M.
2008
. “Memory Is a Collective Ocean
.” Himal South Asian
, June
. Accessed 28 May 2013. www.himalmag.com
.Hutt
, M.
1989
. “A Hero or a Traitor? The Gurkha Soldier in Nepali Literature
.” South Asia Research
9
, no. 1
: 21
–32
.Hutt
, M.
1993
. “Refugees from Shangri-La
.” Index on Censorship
22
, no. 4
: 9
–14
.Hutt
, M.
1997
. “Being Nepali without Nepal: Reflections on a South Asian Diaspora
.” In Gellner
D. N.
, Pfaff-Czarnecka
J.
, and Whelpton
J.
, eds., Nationalism and Ethnicity in a Hindu Kingdom
, 101
–44
. Amsterdam
: Harwood
.Hutt
, M.
2003
. Unbecoming Citizens: Culture, Nationhood, and the Flight of Refugees from Bhutan
. Delhi
: Oxford University Press
.Hutt
, M.
2005
. “The Bhutanese Refugees: Between Verification, Repatriation and Royal Realpolitik
.” Peace and Democracy in South Asia
1
: 44
–56
.Hutton
, J. H.
1945
. “Problems of Reconstruction in the Assam Hills
.” Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute
65
: 1
–7
.Hutton
, J. H.
1965
. “The Mixed Culture of the Naga Tribes
.” Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland
95
, no. 1
: 16
–43
.Ibrahim
, F.
2009
. Settlers, Saints and Sovereigns: An Ethnography of State Formation in Western India
. Delhi
: Routledge
.International Organization for Migration (IOM)
. 2003
. The International Convention on the Protection of Rights for Migrant Workers and Members of their Families
. Washington, DC
: IOM
.Ishii
, H.
, Gellner
D. N.
, and Nawa
K.
, eds. 2007a
. Nepalis Inside and Outside Nepal
. Delhi
: Manohar
.Ishii
, H.
, Gellner
D. N.
, and Nawa
K.
, 2007b
. Political and Social Transformations in North India and Nepal
. Delhi
: Manohar
.Ispahani
, M.
1989
. Roads and Rivals: The Politics of Access in the Borderlands of Asia
. London
: Tauris
.IWGIA
. 1986
. The Naga Nation and Its Struggle against Genocide
. Document 56
. Copenhagen
: International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs
.Jacobs
, J.
, Macfarlane
, A.
Harrison
S.
, and Herle
A.
1990
. The Nagas: Hill Peoples of Northeast India: Society, Culture and the Colonial Encounter
. London
: Thames and Hudson
.Jacques
, K.
2000
. Bangladesh, India and Pakistan: International Relations and Regional Tensions in South Asia
. New York
: St. Martin’s Press
.Jalais
, A.
2005
. “Dwelling on Morichjhanpi: When Tigers Became ‘Citizens,’ Refugees ‘Tiger-Food.’
” Economic and Political Weekly
, 23
April
, 1757
–62
.Jalais
, A.
2010
. Forest of Tigers: People, Politics and Environment in the Sundarbans
. New Delhi
: Routledge
.Jaleel
, M.
1999
. “It Was Not Our War
.” In Bedi
R.
et al, Guns and Yellow Roses: Essays on the Kargil War
, 63
–94
. Delhi
: HarperCollins
.Jamir
, S. C.
2000
. “Bedrock of Naga Society
.” Kohima
: Nagaland Pradesh Congress Committee (I)
. Accessed 28 May 2013. http://www.nenanews.com/ng10.htm/
.Jamir
, T.
, and Vasa
D.
2008
. “Archaeology of Local Cultures: New Findings and Interpretations in Nagaland
.” In Oppitz
M.
, Kaiser
T.
, von Stockhausen
A.
, and Wettstein
M.
, eds., Naga Identities: Changing Local Cultures in the Northeast of India
, 323
–39
. Gent, Belgium
: Snoeck
.Jayal
, N. G.
2013
. Citizenship and Its Discontents: An Indian History
. Cambridge, MA
: Harvard University Press
.Jessop
, B.
, Brenner
N.
, and Jones
M.
2008
. “Theorizing Sociospatial Relations
.” Environment and Planning D: Society and Space
26
: 389
–401
.Jha
, B. N.
1997
. “Politics of Posa: A Case Study of Pre and Post Independence Scenario in Arunachal Pradesh and Assam
.” In Proceedings of the Indian History Congress: 57th Session
. Kolkata
: Indian History Congress
.Jha
, P.
2007
. “Open Border, Closed Minds
.” Nepali Times
, 369
. Accessed 28 May 2013. http://nepalitimes.com/news.php?id=14109#.UaSU_9gQPf0
.Jodha
, N. S.
2001
. Life on the Edge: Sustaining Agriculture and Community Resources in Fragile Environments
. Delhi
: Oxford University Press
.Jones
, D.
2009
. “Borderlands: Spiritualism and the Occult in fin de siècle and Edwardian Welsh and Irish Horror
.” Irish Studies Review
17
, no. 1
: 31
–44
.Jones
, R.
2009a
. “Agents of Exception: Border Security and the Marginalization of Muslims in India
.” Environment and Planning D: Society and Space
27
, no. 5
: 879
–97
.Jones
, R.
2009b
. “Sovereignty and Statelessness in the Border Enclaves of India and Bangladesh
.” Political Geography
28
: 373
–81
.Jones
, R.
2010
. “The Border Enclaves of India and Bangladesh: The Forgotten Lands
.” In Diener
A.
and Hagen
J.
, eds., Borderlines and Borderlands: Political Oddities at the Edge of the Nation-State
, 15
–32
. New York
: Rowman and Littlefield
.Jonsson
, H.
2006
. Mien Relations: Mountain People and State Control in Thailand
. Chiang Mai, Thailand
: Silkworm Books
.Jonsson
, H.
2010
. “Above and Beyond: Zomia and the Ethnographic Challenge of/for Regional History
.” History and Anthropology
21
, no. 2
: 191
–212
.Joshi
, M. P.
1990
. Uttaranchal Himalaya: An Essay in Historical Anthropology
. Almora, India
: Almora Book Depot
.Joshi (as Patel)
, V.
1994
. “Naga and Kuki: Who Is to Blame
.” Economic and Political Weekly
29
(22–28
May
): 1331
–32
.Joshi
, V.
2007
. “The Birth of Christian Enthusiasm among the Angami in Nagaland
.” In de Maaker
E.
and Joshi
V.
, eds., “Northeast and Beyond: Region and Change.” Special issue. South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies
30
, no. 3
: 541
–57
.Joshi
, V.
2008a
. “The Naga: An Introduction
.” In Kunz
R.
and Joshi
V.
, eds., Naga: A Forgotten Mountain Region Rediscovered
, 37
–47
. Basel
: Christoph Merian Verlag and Museum der Kulturen Basel
.Joshi
, V.
2008b
. “Pluralistic Beliefs: Christianity and Healing among the Angami Naga
.” In Oppitz
M.
et al, eds., Naga Identities
, 393
–402
. Gent, Belgium
: Snoeck
.Joshi
, V.
2012
. A Matter of Belief: Christian Conversion and Healing in Northeast India
. New York
: Berghahn Books
.Kabui
, G. K.
2004
. The History of the Zeliangrong Naga: From Makhel to Rani Gaidinliu
. Guwahati, India
: Spectrum
.Kachin News Group
. 2012
. “Time for Thein Sein to Come Clean about Burmese Losses in Kachin State
.” Kachin News Group
, 22
September
. Accessed 28 May 2013. www.kachinnews.com/news/
.Kapila
, K.
2008
. “The Measure of a Tribe: The Cultural Politics of Constitutional Reclassification in North India
.” Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute
14
: 117
–34
.Kearney
, M.
1995
. “The Local and the Global: The Anthropology of Globalization and Transnationalism
.” Annual Review of Anthropology
24
: 547
–65
.Kearney
, M.
2004
. “The Classifying and Value-filtering Missions of Borders
.” Anthropological Theory
4
, no. 2
: 131
–56
.Keay
, J.
1983
. Where Men and Mountains Meet: The Explorers of the Western Himalayas, 1820–1875
. London
: Century
.Keay
, J. K.
2000
. The Great Arc: The Dramatic Tale of How India Was Mapped and Everest Was Named
. London
: HarperCollins
.Kirsch
, T. A.
1973
. Feasting and Social Oscillation: Religion and Society in Upland Southeast Asia
. Ithaca, NY
: Cornell University Press
.Kolff
, D. H. A.
1990
. Naukar, Rajput and Sepoy: The Ethnohistory of the Military Labour Market in Hindustan, 1450–1850
. Cambridge
: Cambridge University Press
.Krauskopff
, G.
2003
. “An ‘Indigenous Minority’ in a Border Area: Tharu Ethnic Associations, NGOS, and the Nepalese State
.” In Gellner
D. N.
, ed., Resistance and the State: Nepalese Experiences
, 199
–243
. Delhi
: Social Science Press
.Krishna
, S.
1996
. “Cartographic Anxiety: Mapping the Body Politic in India
.” In Shapiro
M. J.
and Alker
H. R.
, eds., Challenging Boundaries: Global Flows, Territorial Identities
, 193
–214
. Minneapolis
: University of Minnesota Press
.Krishna
, S.
2004
. “Gender, Tribe and Political Participation: Control of Natural Resources in North-Eastern India
.” In Krishna
S.
, ed., Livelihood and Gender: Equity in Community Resource Management
, 375
–94
. New Delhi
: Sage
.Kudaisya
, G.
1998
. “Divided Landscape, Fragmented Identities: East Bengal Refugees and Their Rehabilitation in India, 1947–1979
.” In Low
D. A.
and Brasted
H.
, eds., Freedom, Trauma, Continuities: Northern India and Independence
, 105
–31
. New Delhi
: Sage
.Kumar
, B. B.
2002
. “Border Trade in Arunachal Pradesh: An Historical Perspective
.” In Dutta
S.
, ed., Cross-Border Trade of North-East India
, 50
–55
. Gurgaon
: Hope India
.Kumar
, P.
2000
. The Uttarakhand Movement: Construction of a Regional Identity
. New Delhi
: Kanishka
.Lamb
, A.
1997
. Incomplete Partition: The Genesis of the Kashmir Dispute, 1947–1948
. Hertingfordbury, UK
: Roxford Books
.Leach
, E. R.
1954
. Political Systems of Highland Burma: A Study of Kachin Social Structure
. Cambridge, MA
: Harvard University Press
.Lecomte-Tilouine
, M.
2009
. “Ruling Social Groups — From Species to Nations: Reflections on Changing Conceptions of Caste and Ethnicity in Nepal
.” In Gellner
D. N.
, ed., Ethnic Activism and Civil Society in South Asia
, 291
–336
. Delhi
: Sage
.Lehman
, F. K.
1989
. “Internal Inflationary Pressures in the Prestige Economy of the Feast of Merit Complex: The Chin and Kachin Cases from Upper Burma
.” In Russell
S. D.
, ed., Ritual, Power, and Economy: Upland-Lowland Contrasts in Mainland Southeast Asia
, 89
–102
. DeKalb
: Northern Illinois University, Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Monographs Series on Southeast Asia
.Li
, T. M.
2001
. “Relational Histories and the Production of Difference on Sulawesi’s Upland Frontier
.” Journal of Asian Studies
60
, no. 1
: 41
–66
.Lieberman
, V.
2010
. “A Zone of Refuge in Southeast Asia? Reconceptualizing Interior Spaces
.” Journal of Global History
5
: 333
–46
.Liechty
, M.
2003
. Suitably Modern: Making Middle-Class Culture in a New Consumer Society
. Princeton, NJ
: Princeton University Press
.Lintner
, B.
1990
. Land of Jade: A Journey through Insurgent Burma
. Edinburgh
: Kiscadale
.Longchar
, P.
2002
. Historical Development of the Ao Naga in Nagaland
. Dimapur, India
: Self-published
.Longkumer
, A.
2007
. “Religious and Economic Reform: The Gaidinliu Movement and the Heraka in North Cachar Hills
.” In de Maaker
E.
and Joshi
V.
, eds., “Northeast and Beyond: Region and Change.” Special issue. South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies
30
, no. 3
: 499
–515
.Longkumer
, A.
2009
. “Exploring the Diversity of Religion: The Geo-political Dimensions of Fieldwork and Identity in the North East of India
.” Fieldwork in Religion
4
, no. 1
: 46
–66
.Longkumer
, A.
2010
. Reform, Identity, and Narratives of Belonging: The Heraka Movement in North East India
. London
: Continuum
.Lotha
, A.
2008
. “Naga Identity: Enduring Heritage
.” In Oppitz
M.
et al, eds., Naga Identities
, 47
–56
. Gent, Belgium
: Snoeck
.Ludden
, D.
2003
. “The First Boundary of Bangladesh on Sylhet’s Northern Frontiers
.” Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh
48
, no. 1
: 1
–54
. Short online version, “Political Maps and Cultural Territories,” in Himal, July 2003. www.himalmag.com
.Luen
, M. I.
2009
. The Fire of Revival
. Secunderabad, India
: Authentic Books, Biblica South Asia
.Luithui
, L.
, and Haksar
N.
1984
. Nagaland File: A Question of Human Rights
. New Delhi
: Lancer International
.Luthra
, P. N.
1993
. Constitutional and Administrative Growth of the Arunachal Pradesh
. Itanagar, India
: Directorate of Research, Government of Arunachal Pradesh
.Mabbett
, I. W.
1977
. “The ‘Indianization’ of Southeast Asia: Reflections on the Historical Sources
.” Journal of Southeast Asian Studies
8
: 143
–61
.MacDonald
, K.
2006
. “Memories of Tibet: Transnationalism, Transculturation and the Production of Cultural Ideology in Northern Pakistan
.” India Review
5
, no. 2
: 190
–219
.Mackenzie
, A.
1884
. A History of the Relations of the Government with the Hill Tribes of the North-East of Bengal
. Calcutta
.Malkki
, L.
1997
. “National Geographic: The Rooting of Peoples and the Territorialization of National Identity among Scholars and Refugees.” In A. Gupta and J. Ferguson, eds.,
Culture, Power, Place: Explorations in Critical Anthropology
, 52
–74
. Durham, NC
: Duke University Press
. Originally published in Cultural Anthropology 7, no. 1, 1992: 24–44
.Mallick
, R.
1999
. “Refugee Settlement in Forest Reserves: West Bengal Policy Reversal and the Marichjhapi Massacre
.” Journal of Asian Studies
58
, no. 1
: 104
–25
.Mann
, M.
1993
. The Sources of Social Power
, vol. 2
: The Rise of Classes and Nation-States, 1760–1914
. Cambridge
: Cambridge University Press
.Markowitz
, F.
2007
. “Census and Sensibilities in Sarajevo
.” Comparative Studies in Society and History
49
, no. 1
: 40
–73
.Martínez
, O. J.
1994
. Border People: Life and Society in the U.S.-Mexico Borderlands
. Tucson
: University of Arizona Press
.Mathur
, N.
2010
. “Paper Tiger? The Everyday Life of the State in the Indian Himalaya
.” PhD diss
., University of Cambridge
.Maud
, P.
1904
. “Exploration in the Southern Borderland of Abyssinia
.” Geographical Journal
23
, no. 5
: 552
–79
.Maxwell
, N.
1979
. India and the Nagas and the North-east
. London
: Minority Rights Group Report 17
.Mayaram
, S.
2003
. Against History, against State: Counterperspectives from the Margins
. New York
: Columbia University Press
.McKinsey
, L. S.
, and Konrad
V. A.
1989
. Borderlands Reflections: The United States and Canada
. Orono, ME
: Borderlands Project
.Menon
, R.
, and Bhasin
K.
1998
. Borders and Boundaries: Women in India’s Partition
. New Delhi
: Kali
.Mibang
, T.
2002
. “Ethnic Relations and Transborder Trade
.” In Dutta
S.
, ed., Cross-Border Trade of North-East India
, 42
–49
. Gurgaon
: Hope India
.Michael
, B.
2007
. “Land, Labour, Local Power and the Constitution of Agrarian Territories on the Anglo-Gorkha Frontier, 1700–1815
.” International Quarterly for Asian Studies
38
, nos. 3–4
: 309
–28
.Michael
, B.
2009
. “Spatiality, Power, and Statemaking in Colonial South Asia: The Case of the Anglo-Gorkha Frontier, 1740–1816
.” In Kirby
P. W.
, ed., Boundless Worlds: Social Dynamics of ‘Space,’ Power, and Movement
, 45
–68
. New York
: Berghahn
.Michaud
, J.
2009
. “Handling Mountain Minorities in China, Vietnam and Laos: From History to Current Concerns
.” Asian Ethnicity
10
, no. 1
: 25
–49
.Michaud
, J.
2010
. “Editorial: Zomia and Beyond
.” Journal of Global History
5
: 187
–214
.Michelutti
, L.
2008
. The Vernacularisation of Democracy: Politics, Caste and Religion in India
. London
: Routledge
.Migdal
, J. S.
1988
. Strong Societies and Weak States: State-Society Relations and State Capabilities in the Third World
. Princeton, NJ
: Princeton University Press
.Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region and North Eastern Council
. 2008
. North Eastern Region Vision 2020
. New Delhi
: Government of India
.Mishra
, A. K.
, and Thakur
A. K.
2004
. “Transition in Arunachal Pradesh: Nocte Villages in Perspective.” In T. Mibang and M. C. Behera, eds.,
Tribal Villages in Arunachal Pradesh: Changing Human Interface
, 169
–90
. Delhi
: Abhijeet
.Mishra
, D. K.
2002
. “Agrarian Structure and Labour-Use Patterns in Rural Arunachal Pradesh: A Case Study
.” Arunachal University Research Journal
5
, no. 2
: 31
–56
.Mishra
, D. K.
2004
. “Institutional Sustainability in Natural Resource Management: A Study of Arunachal Pradesh India
.” Asian Profile
32
, no. 6
: 583
–94
.Mishra
, D. K.
2006
. “Institutional Specificities and Agrarian Transformation in Arunachal Pradesh: Changing Realities and Emerging Challenges
.” Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics
61
, no. 3
: 314
–27
.Mishra
, D. K.
2007
. “Gender, Forests and Livelihoods: A Note on the Political Economy of Transition in North-East India
.” Social Change
37
, no. 4
: 65
–90
.Mishra
, D. K.
, and Upadhyay
V.
2007
. “In the Name of the Community: Gender, Development and Governance in Arunachal Pradesh
.” In Krishna
S.
, ed., Women’s Livelihoods Rights: Recasting Citizenship for Development
, 167
–206
. New Delhi
: Sage
.Mishra
, S. N.
1983
. “Arunachal’s Tribal Economic Formation and Their Dissolution
.” Economic and Political Weekly
18
, no. 43
: 1837
–46
.Mishra
, T. P.
2010
. “Rise of Red-army in the Last Shangri-La
.” Bhutan News Service
, 23
March
2010
. Accessed 14 September 2012. www.bhutannewsservice.com
.Misra
, B. P.
1979
. “Kirata Karyokinesis: Mode of Production in Tribal Communities of North East India
.” In Das
A. N.
and Nilakant
V.
, eds., Agrarian Relations in India
, 51
–81
. Delhi
: Manohar
.Mitchell
, T.
1991
. “The Limits of the State: Beyond Statist Approaches and Their Critics
.” American Political Science Review
85
, no. 1
: 77
–96
.Mookherjee
, N.
2006
. “‘Remembering to Forget’: Public Secrecy and Memory of Sexual Violence in the Bangladesh War of 1971
.” Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute
12
, no. 2
: 433
–50
.Moore
, D.
2005
. Suffering for Territory: Race, Place, and Power in Zimbabwe
. Durham, NC
: Duke University Press
.Muggah
, R.
2005
. “Distinguishing Means and Ends: The Counterintuitive Effects of UNHCR’S Community Development Approach in Nepal
.” Journal of Refugee Studies
18
, no. 2
: 151
–64
.Murayama
, M.
2006
. “Borders, Migration and Sub-Regional Cooperation in Eastern South Asia
.” Economic and Political Weekly
, April
8
, 1351
–59
.Murshid
, T. M.
2001
. “Nations Imagined and Fragmented: Bengal
.” In van Schendel
W.
and Zürcher
E. J.
, eds., Identity Politics in Central Asia and the Muslim World
, 85
–105
. London
: I. B. Tauris
.Nag
, S.
2008
. “Funding the Struggle: Political Economy of Insurgency
.” In Das
P.
and Goswami
N.
, eds., India’s North East: New Vistas for Peace
, 37
–55
. Delhi
: Manas
.Nalven
, J.
, ed. 1984
. “Border Perspectives on the U.S./Mexico Relationship
.” Special issue. New Scholar
9
, nos. 1–2
. Santa Barbara
: University of California Press
.Newman
, D.
2006a
. “Borders and Bordering: Towards an Interdisciplinary Dialogue
.” European Journal of Social Theory
9
, no. 2
: 171
–86
.Newman
, D.
2006b
. “The Lines That Continue to Separate Us: Borders in Our ‘Borderless’ World
.” Progress in Human Geography
30
, no. 2
: 143
–61
.Nigam
, S.
1990
. “Disciplining and Policing the ‘Criminals by Birth,’ Part 2: The Development of a Disciplinary System, 1871–1900
.” Indian Economic and Social History Review
27
, no. 3
: 257
–87
.Nuh
, V. K.
, and Lasuh
W.
2002
. Naga Chronicle
. New Delhi
: Regency, Indian Council of Social Science Research, North Eastern Regional Centre
.Paasi
, A.
1999
. “Boundaries as Social Processes: Territoriality in the World of Flows
.” In Newman
D.
, ed., Boundaries, Territory and Postmodernity
, 69
–88
. London
: Frank Cass
.Paasi
, A.
2011
. “A Border Theory: An Unattainable Dream or a Realistic Aim for Border Scholars?
” In Wastl-Walter
D.
, ed., The Ashgate Research Companion to Border Studies
, 11
–31
. Farnham, UK
: Ashgate
.Pakrasi
, K. B.
1971
. The Uprooted: A Sociological Study of the Refugees of West Bengal, India
. Calcutta
: Editions Indian
.Pandey
, B. B.
, Duarah
D. K.
, and Sarkar
N.
, eds. 1999
. Tribal Village Councils of Arunachal Pradesh
. Itanagar, India
: Directorate of Research, Government of Arunachal Pradesh
.Parmanand
. 1998
. The Politics of Bhutan: Retrospect and Prospect
. Delhi
: Pragati
.Peters
, P. E.
1998
. “Comment on ‘The Political Economy of Ethnicity’ by Paul Collier
.” In Bleskovic
B.
and Stiglitz
J. E.
, eds., Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics
, 400
–405
. Washington, DC
: World Bank
.Pfaff-Czarnecka
, J.
1995
. “Migration under Marginality Conditions: The Case of Bajhang
.” In INFRAS and IDA
, eds., Rural-Urban Interlinkages: A Challenge for Swiss Development Cooperation
, 97
–108
. Zurich
: INFRAS
.Phuntsho
, K.
2006
. “Bhutanese Reform, Nepalese Criticism
.” Open Democracy
, 13
October
. Accessed 28 May 2013. www.opendemocracy.net/democracy-protest/bhutan_nepal_3996.jsp
.Piliavsky
, A.
2011a
. “A Secret in the Oxford Sense: Theft and the Rhetoric of Mystification in Western India
.” Comparative Studies in Society and History
53
, no. 2
: 290
–313
.Piliavsky
, A.
2011b
. “Theft, Patronage and Society in Western India
.” DPhil diss
., University of Oxford
.Piliavsky
, A.
2013
. “The Moghia Menace, or the Watch over Watchmen in British India
.” Modern Asian Studies
, 47
, no. 3
: 751
–79
.Platts
, J. T.
1884
. Dictionary of Urdu, Classical Hindi, and English
. London
: W. H. Allen
.Pommaret
, F.
1997a
. “The Birth of a Nation
.” In Pommaret
F.
and Schicklgruber
C.
, eds., Bhutan: Mountain Fortress of the Gods
, 179
–207
. London
: Serindia
.Pommaret
, F.
1997b
. “Ethnic Mosaic: Peoples of Bhutan
.” In Pommaret
F.
and Schicklgruber
C.
, eds., Bhutan: Mountain Fortress of the Gods
, 43
–59
. London
: Serindia
.Portes
, A.
2008
. “Migration and Social Change: Some Conceptual Reflections
.” International Migration Institute
, Oxford University
. Accessed 28 May 2013. www.imi.ox.ac.uk/pdfs
.Powell
, B.
, and Nair
M.
2010
. “On the Governance of ‘Not Being Governed’
.” Review of Austrian Economics
25
: 9
–16
.Pradhan
, R.
2002
. “Ethnicity, Caste and a Pluralist Society
.” In Dixit
K.
and Ramachandran
S.
, eds. State of Nepal
, 1
–21
. Patan, Nepal
: Himal Books
.Price
, P.
, and Raud
, A. E.
eds. 2010
. Power and Influence in India: Bosses, Lords and Captains
. Delhi
: Routledge
.Radcliffe-Brown
, A. R.
1940
. Preface
to Fortes
M.
and Evans-Pritchard
E. E.
, eds., African Political Systems
, xi
–xxiii
. London
: Oxford University Press
.Radhakrishna
, M.
1992
. “Surveillance and Settlements under the Criminal Tribes Act in Madras
.” Indian Economic and Social History Review
29
, no. 2
: 171
–98
.Radhakrishna
, M.
2001
. Dishonoured by History: “Criminal Tribes” and British Colonial Policy
. Hyderabad
: Orient Longman
.Rahman
, M. M.
, and van Schendel
W.
2003
. “ ‘I Am Not a Refugee’: Rethinking Partition Migration
.” Modern Asian Studies
37
, no. 3
: 551
–84
.Rajaram
, P. K.
, and Grundy-Warr
, C.
eds. 2007
. Borderscapes: Hidden Geographies and Politics at Territory’s Edge
. Minneapolis
: University of Minnesota Press
.Ramachandran
, S.
1999
. “Of Boundaries and Border Crossings: Undocumented Bangladeshi ‘Infiltrators’ and the Hegemony of Hindu Nationalism in India
.” Interventions
1
, no. 2
: 235
–53
.Ramble
, C.
1997
. “Tibetan Pride of Place; Or, Why Nepal’s Bhotiyas Are Not an Ethnic Group
.” In Gellner
D.
, Pfaff-Czarnecka
J.
, and Whelpton
J.
, eds., Nationalism and Ethnicity in a Hindu Kingdom: The Politics of Culture in Contemporary Nepal
, 379
–413
. Amsterdam
: Harwood Academic
.Ramesh
, J.
2005
. “Northeast India in a New Asia
.” In Gateway to the East: A Symposium on Northeast India and the Look East Policy, India Seminar 550
. Accessed 28 May 2013. www.india-seminar.com/2005/550/550%20jairam%20ramesh.htm
.Rangan
, H.
2000
. Of Myths and Movements: Rewriting Chipko into Himalayan History
. London
: Verso
.Rao
, M. G.
n.d. “Changing Contours in Federal Fiscal Arrangements in India
.” Hitotsubashi University Department of Economics
. Accessed 28 May 2013. www.econ.hit-u.ac.jp/~kokyo/APPPsymp004/India.pdf
.Rao
, M. G.
, and Singh
N.
2004
. “Asymmetric Federalism in India
.” Working Paper 6
. New Delhi
: National Institute of Public Finance and Policy
. Accessed 28 May 2013. www.nipfp.org.in/working_paper/wp04_nipfp_006.pdf
.Ray
, H.
2005
. “The Silk Route from Northeastern India to China and the Bay of Bengal: Some New Lights
.” In Barua
A.
, ed., India’s North-East: Developmental Issues in Historical Perspective
, 43
–70
. Delhi
: Manohar
.Ray
, M.
2001
. “Growing Up Refugee: On Memory and Locality
.” Hindi: Language, Discourse, Writing
1
, nos. 3–4
: 148
–98
.Regmi
, M. C.
1978
. Thatched Huts and Stucco Palaces: Peasants and Landlords in 19th Century Nepal
. New Delhi
: Vikas
.Riddi
, A.
2004
. “Understanding ‘the Village’ in Changing Situation: A Case of the Tagin Village
.” In Mibang
T.
and Behera
M. C.
, eds., Tribal Villages in Arunachal Pradesh: Changing Human Interface
, 45
–59
. Delhi
: Abhijeet
.Rizal
, D. P.
, and Yokota
Y.
2006
. Understanding Development, Conflict and Violence: The Cases of Bhutan, Nepal, North-east India and the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh
. New Delhi
: Adroit
.Rizvi
, J.
1999
. Trans-Himalayan Caravans: Merchant Princes and Peasant Traders in Ladakh
. New Delhi
: Oxford University Press
.Robb
, P.
1997
. “The Colonial State and Constructions of Indian Identity: An Example on the Northeast Frontier in the 1880s
.” Modern Asian Studies
31
, no. 2
: 245
–83
.Rösler
, M.
, and Wendl
, T.
eds. 1999
. Frontiers and Borderlands: Anthropological Perspectives
. Frankfurt am Main
: Peter Lang
.Roy
, B.
1994
. Some Trouble with Cows: Making Sense of Social Conflict
. Berkeley
: University of California Press
.Roy Burman
, B. K.
1968
. “Perspective from Nagaland
.” Institute for Defence Study and Analyses Journal
1
, nos. 1–2
: 110
–22
.Royal Government of Bhutan (RGB)
. 1992
. Anti-national Activities in Southern Bhutan: An Update on the Terrorist Movement
. Thimpu, Bhutan
: Department of Information
.Royal Government of Bhutan (RGB)
. 1993
. The Southern Bhutan Problem: Threat to a Nation’s Survival
. Thimpu, Bhutan
: Ministry of Home Affairs
.Royal Government of Bhutan (RGB)
. 2007
. Poverty Analysis Report
. Thimpu, Bhutan
: National Statistics Bureau
. Accessed 28 May 2013. www.undp.org.bt
.Rustomji
, N.
1983
. Imperilled Frontiers: India’s Northeastern Borderlands
. Delhi
: Oxford University Press
.Sachdeva
, G.
2000
. Economy of the North-East: Policy, Present Conditions and Future Possibilities
. New Delhi
: Centre for Policy Research, Konark
.Sadan
, M.
2010
. “Review of The Art of Not Being Governed: An Anarchist History of Upland Southeast Asia
.” Review 903. Reviews in History
. Accessed 28 May 2013. www.history.ac.uk/reviews/review/903
.Saikia
, Y.
2004
. “Beyond the Archive of Silence: Narratives of Violence of the 1971 Liberation War of Bangladesh
.” History Workshop Journal
58
: 275
–87
.Sakhong
, L. H.
2007
. “Christianity and Chin Identity
.” In Gravers
M.
, ed., Exploring Ethnic Diversity in Burma
, 200
–26
. Copenhagen
: Nias Press
.Salam
, M. A.
2007
. Agricultural Transformation in North-East India: With Special Reference to Arunachal Pradesh
. New Delhi
: Mittal
.Salam
, M. A.
2008
. “Money, Market and Trade: Case of Lhou Village in Arunachal Pradesh
.” in Nayak
A. K. J. R.
and Jomon
M. G.
, eds., India in the Emerging Global Order
, 301
–14
. New Delhi
: Tata McGraw-Hill
.Samaddar
, R.
1999
. The Marginal Nation: Transborder Migration from Bangladesh to West Bengal
. New Delhi
: Sage
.Sandos
, J. A.
1994
. “From ‘Boltonlands’ to ‘Weberlands’: The Borderlands Enter American History
.” American Quarterly
46
: 595
–604
.Sanyü
, V.
1996
. A History of Naga and Nagaland: Dynamics of Oral Tradition in Village Formation
. New Delhi
: Commonwealth
.Sarma
, A.
2005
. “Why the North-eastern States Continue to Decelerate
,” Man and Society
spring1
–20
.Sayer
, D.
1994
. “Everyday Forms of State Formation: Some Dissident Remarks on ‘Hegemony’
.” In Joseph
G. M.
and Nugent
D.
, eds., Everyday Forms of State Formation: Revolution and the Negotiation of Rule in Modern Mexico
, 367
–77
. Durham, NC
: Duke University Press
.Schicklgruber
, C.
1997
. Introduction
to Pommaret
F.
and Schicklgruber
C.
, eds., Bhutan: Mountain Fortress of the Gods
, 13
–27
. London
: Serindia
.Scott
, J. C.
1985
. Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance
. New Haven, CT
: Yale University Press
.Scott
, J. C.
1998
. Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed
. New Haven, CT
: Yale University Press
.Scott
, J. C.
2007
. “Peasants, Power, and the Art of Resistance
.” In Snyder
R.
and Munck
G. L.
, eds., Passion, Craft, and Method in Comparative Politics
, 351
–91
. Baltimore
: Johns Hopkins University Press
.Scott
, J. C.
2008
. “Stilled to Silence at 500 Metres: Making Sense of Historical Change in Southeast Asia
.” IIAS Newsletter
49
(autumn): 12
–13
.Scott
, J. C.
2009
. The Art of Not Being Governed: An Anarchist History of Upland Southeast Asia
. New Haven, CT
: Yale University Press
.Scott
, W.
1998
. Rob Roy
. Edited by Duncan
I.
Oxford World’s Classics
. Oxford
: Oxford University Press
.Sebastian
, K. O.
2002
. “Trade Route of Pangsu Pass: Retrospect and Prospects
.” In Dutta
S.
, ed., Cross-Border Trade of North-East India
, 80
–92
. Gurgaon
: Hope India
.Seddon
, D.
2005
. “Nepal’s Dependence on Exporting Labor
.” Washington, DC
: Migration Policy Institute
. Accessed 28 May 2013. www.migrationinformation.org/Profiles/display.cfm?id=277
.Seddon
, D.
, Adhikari
J.
, and Gurung
G.
2002
. “Foreign Labour Migration and the Remittance Economy of Nepal
.” Critical Asian Studies
34
, no. 1
: 19
–40
.Seely
, C. B.
2008
. Barisal and Beyond: Essays on Bangla Literature
. New Delhi
: Chronicle Books
.Segura
, D. A.
, and Zavella
, P.
eds. 2007
. Women and Migration in the U.S.-Mexico Borderlands: A Reader
. Durham, NC
: Duke University Press
.Sema
, H.
1986
. Emergence of Nagaland: Socio-economic and Political Transformation and the Future
. New Delhi
: Vikas
.Shah
, A.
2010
. In the Shadows of the State: Indigenous Politics, Environmentalism, and Insurgency in Jharkand, India
. Durham, NC
: Duke University Press
.Sharma
, J. R.
2007
. “Mobility, Pathology and Livelihoods: An Ethnography of Forms of Mobility in/from Nepal
.” PhD diss
., University of Edinburgh
.Sharma
, J. R.
2008
. “Practices of Male Labor Migration from the Hills of Nepal to India in Development Discourses: Which Pathology?
” Gender, Technology and Development
12
, no. 3
: 303
–23
.Sharma
, J. R.
2010
. “On State Reconstruction in Nepal
.” Economic and Political Weekly
45
, no. 4
: 20
–23
.Sharma
, P.
2008
. Unravelling the Mosaic: Spatial Aspects of Ethnicity in Nepal
. Kathmandu
: Social Science Baha, Himal Books
.Shaw
, R.
, and Stewart
C.
1994
. “Introduction: Problematizing Syncretism
.” In Stewart
C.
and Shaw
R.
, eds., Syncretism/Anti-syncretism: The Politics of Religious Synthesis
, 1
–26
. London
: Routledge
.Shneiderman
, S.
2010
. “Are the Himalayas in Zomia? Some Scholarly and Political Considerations across Time
.” Journal of Global History
5
: 289
–312
. Accessed 28 May 2013. http://journals.cambridge.org/repo_A78bnDUP
.Shneiderman
, S.
, and Turin
M.
2006
. “Seeking the Tribe: Ethno-politics in Sikkim and Darjeeling
.” Himal South Asian
19
, no. 2
: 54
–58
. .Shrestha
, B. N.
2011
. “Border Fences, Walls and Identity of Nepal
.” Border Nepal Buddhi
, 25
May
2011
. Accessed 21 September 2011. bordernepal.wordpress.com/2011/05/25/border-fences-walls-and-identities-of-nepal/
.Sikdar
, S.
1982
. “Tribalism vs. Colonialism: British Capitalistic Intervention and Transformation of Primitive Economy of Arunachal Pradesh in the Nineteenth Century
.” Social Scientist
10
, no. 12
: 15
–31
.Sikdar
, S.
1997
. “Cross-Country Trade in the Making of British Policy towards Arunachalis in the Nineteenth Century
.” In Dutta
S.
, ed., Studies in the History, Economy and Culture of Arunachal Pradesh
, 313
–25
. Itanagar, India
: Himalayan
.Simmel
, G.
[1909]. 1994
. “Bridge and Door
.” Translated by Ritter
M.
Theory, Culture and Society
11
: 5
–10
.Simpson
, J.
, and Weiner
, E.
eds. 1989
. The Oxford English Dictionary
. Oxford
: Oxford University Press
.Singh
, P. M.
2006
. “Remittance Economy: Nepal’s Evolution towards Accepting and Incorporating the Labour of Its Overseas Workers
.” Himal South Asian
18
, no. 5
: 73
–77
.Singh
, R.
1988
. Land, Power and People: Rural Elite in Transition, 1801–1970
. Delhi
: Sage
.Singha
, R.
1993
. “ ‘Providential Circumstances’: The Thuggee Campaign of the 1830s and Legal Innovation
.” Modern Asian Studies
27
, no. 1
: 83
–146
.Singha
, R.
1998
. A Despotism of Law: Crime and Justice in Early Colonial India
. Delhi
: Oxford University Press
.Sinha
, A. C.
2001
. Himalayan Kingdom Bhutan: Tradition, Transition and Transformation
. New Delhi
: Indus
.Sinha
, S.
1962
. “State Formation and Rajput Myth in Central India
.” Man in India
42
, no. 1
: 35
–80
.Skaria
, A.
1999
. Hybrid Histories: Forests, Frontiers and Wildness in Western India
. Delhi
: Oxford University Press
.Smith
, A. D.
1984
. “National Identity and Myths of Ethnic Descent
.” Research in Social Movements, Conflicts and Change
7
: 95
–130
.Smith
, A. D.
[1994]. 1998
. “The Politics of Culture: Ethnicity and Nationalism
.” In Ingold
T.
, ed., Companion Encyclopaedia of Anthropology: Humanity, Culture and Social Life
, 706
–33
. London
: Routledge
.Sneath
, D.
, Holbraad
M.
, and Pedersen
M. A.
2009
. “Technologies of the Imagination: An Introduction
.” Ethnos
74
, no. 1
: 5
–30
.Sökefeld
, M.
1997
. “Jang azadi: Perspectives on a Major Theme in Northern Areas’ History
.” In Stellrecht
I.
, ed., The Past in the Present: Horizons of Remembering in the Pakistan Himalaya
, 61
–82
. Köln, Germany
: Köppe
.Spencer
, J.
2007
. Anthropology, Politics and the State: Democracy and Violence in South Asia
. Cambridge
: Cambridge University Press
.Stiller
, L. F.
1976
. The Silent Cry: The People of Nepal, 1816–1839
. Kathmandu
: Sahayogi
.Stoddard
, E. R.
, Nostrand
R. L.
, and West
J. P.
, eds. 1983
. Borderlands Sourcebook: A Guide to the Literature on Northern Mexico and the American Southwest
. Norman
: University of Oklahoma Press
.Stokes
, E.
1978
. The Peasant and the Raj: Studies in Agrarian Society and Peasant Rebellion
. Cambridge
: Cambridge University Press
.Strawn
, C.
1994
. “The Dissidents
.” In Hutt
M.
, ed., Bhutan: Perspectives on Conflict and Dissent
, 97
–128
. Gartmore, Scotland
: Kiscadale Asia Research Series
.Stringham
, E. P.
, and Miles
C. J.
2012
. “Repelling States: Evidence from Upland Southeast Asia
.” Review of Austrian Economics
25
, no. 1
: 17
–33
.Sturgeon
, J. C.
1997
. “Claiming and Naming Resources on the Border of the State: Akha Strategies in China and Thailand
.” Asia Pacific Viewpoint
38
, no. 2
: 131
–44
.Sturgeon
, J. C.
2004
. “Border Practices, Boundaries, and the Control of Resource Access: A Case from China, Thailand and Burma
.” Development and Change
35
, no. 3
: 463
–84
.Sturgeon
, J. C.
2005
. Border Landscapes: The Politics of Akha Land Use in China and Thailand
. Seattle
: University of Washington Press
.Tambiah
, S. J.
[1977]. 1985
. “The Galactic Polity: The Structure of Traditional Kingdoms in Southeast Asia
.” In Tambiah
S. J.
, ed., Culture, Thought, and Social Action
, 252
–86
. Cambridge
: Harvard University Press
.Tapp
, N.
2010
. “Review of The Art of Not Being Governed by James C. Scott
.” ASEASUK
47
(spring): 11
–15
.Tarlo
, E.
2003
. Unsettling Memories: Narratives of the Emergency in Delhi
. London
: Hurst
.Thakur
, S.
1999
. “Journeys without Maps
.” In Bedi
R.
et al, Guns and Yellow Roses: Essays on the Kargil War
, 1
–34
. Delhi
: HarperCollins
.Thapa
, D.
, ed. 2003
. Understanding the Maoist Movement of Nepal
. Kathmandu
: Martin Chautari and Centre for Social Research and Development
.Thinley
, J. Y.
1994
. “Bhutan: A Kingdom Besieged
.” In Hutt
M.
, ed., Bhutan: Perspectives on Conflict and Dissent
, 43
–76
. Gartmore, Scotland
: Kiscadale Asia Research Series
.Thomas
, D. H.
, ed. 1989
–91
. Columbian Consequences
. 3
vols. Washington, DC
: Smithsonian Institution Press
.Thomas
, D. H.
, ed. 1991
. Spanish Borderlands Source Books
. 27
vols. New York
: Garland
.Torpey
, J. C.
2007
. The Invention of the Passport: Surveillance, Citizenship and the State
. Cambridge
: Cambridge University Press
.Trouillot
, M.-R.
2001
. “The Anthropology of the State in the Age of Globalization: Close Encounters of the Deceptive Kind
.” Current Anthropology
42
, no. 1
: 125
–38
.Tsing
, A. L.
1993
. In the Realm of the Diamond Queen: Marginality in an Out of the Way Place
. Princeton, NJ
: Princeton University Press
.Tsing
, A. L.
1994
. “Further Inflections: Towards Ethnographies of the Future
.” Cultural Anthropology
9
, no. 3
: 279
–97
.Turner
, F. J.
[1893]. 1920
. “The Significance of the Frontier in American History
.” In Proceedings of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin 14 December
. New York
: H. Holt
.Turner
, V.
1995
. The Ritual Process: Structure and Anti-structure
. New York
: Aldine de Gruyter
.Uberoi
, J. P. S.
1978
. “The Structural Concept of the Asian Frontier.” In D. Chattopadhyaya,
ed., History and Society: Essays in Honour of Professor Nilanjan Ray
, 67
–76
. Calcutta
: K. P Bagchi
.Valk
, B. G.
, and Cobos
A. M.
1988
. Borderline: A Bibliography of the United States–Mexico Borderlands
. Los Angeles
: UCLA Latin American Center Publications
.Van Beek
, M.
1996
. “Identity Fetishism and the Art of Representation
.” PhD diss
., Cornell University
.Van Beek
, M.
2001
. “Public Secrets, Conscious Amnesia, and the Celebration of Autonomy for Ladakh
.” In Hansen
T. B.
and Stepputat
F.
, eds., States of Imagination: Ethnographic Explorations of the Postcolonial State
, 365
–90
. Durham, NC
: Duke University Press
.Van Driem
, G.
1994
. “Language Policy in Bhutan
.” In Aris
M.
and Hutt
M.
, eds., Bhutan: Aspects of Culture and Development
, 87
–106
. Gartmore, Scotland
: Kiscadale
.Van Schendel
, W.
1992
. “The Invention of the ‘Jummas’: State Formation and Ethnicity in Southeastern Bangladesh
.” Modern Asian Studies
26
, no. 1
: 95
–128
.Van Schendel
, W.
1993
. “Easy Come, Easy Go: Smugglers on the Ganges
.” Journal of Contemporary Asia
23
, no. 2
: 189
–213
.Van Schendel
, W.
2001
. “Working through Partition: Making a Living in the Bengal Borderlands
.” International Review of Social History
46
: 393
–421
.Van Schendel
, W.
2002a
. “Geographies of Knowing, Geographies of Ignorance: Jumping Scale in Southeast Asia
.” Environment and Planning D: Society and Space
20
: 647
–68
.Van Schendel
, W.
2002b
. “Stateless in South Asia: The Making of the India-Bangladesh Enclaves
.” Journal of Asian Studies
61
, no. 1
: 115
–47
.Van Schendel
, W.
2005a
. The Bengal Borderland: Beyond State and Nation in South Asia
. London
: Anthem
.Van Schendel
, W.
2005b
. “Spaces of Engagement: How Borderlands, Illegal Flows, and Territorial States Interlock
.” In van Schendel
W.
and Abraham
I.
, eds., Illicit Flows and Criminal Things: States, Borders, and the Other Side of Globalization
, 38
–68
. Bloomington
: Indiana University Press
.Van Schendel
, W.
2007
. “The Wagah Syndrome: Territorial Roots of Contemporary Violence in South Asia
.” In Basu
A.
and Roy
S.
, eds., Violence and Democracy in India
, 36
–82
. London
: Berg
.Van Schendel
, W.
, and Abraham
, I.
eds. 2005
. Illicit Flows and Criminal Things: States, Borders, and the Other Side of Globalization
. Bloomington
: Indiana University Press
.Vas
, J. A.
1911
. Eastern Bengal and Assam District Gazetteers: Rangpur
. Alahabad, India
: Pioneer Press
.Walker
, A.
1999
. Legend of the Golden Boat: Regulation, Trade and Traders in the Borderlands of Laos, Thailand, China and Burma
. Honolulu
: University of Hawai‘i Press
.Walton
, H. G.
[1910]. 1989
. A Gazetteer of the Garhwal Himalaya
. Dehradun, India
: Natraj Publishers
.Wastl-Walter
, D.
, ed. 2011
. The
Ashgate Research Companion to Border Studies
. Farnham, UK
: Ashgate
.Weber
, D. J.
1986
. “Turner, the Boltonians, and the Borderlands
.” American Historical Review
91
, no. 1
: 66
–81
.Weiner
, M.
1985
. “Transborder Peoples
.” In Conner
W.
, ed., Mexican Americans in Comparative Perspective
, 130
–58
. Washington, D.C.
: Urban Institute
.West
, A.
1999
. “The Most Dangerous Legacy: The Development of Identity, Power and Marginality in the British Transfer to India and the Naga
.” Occasional Paper 34
. Hull, UK
: University of Hull, Centre for South-East Asian Studies
.WFP and UNHCR
. 2008
. Joint Assessment Mission Report: Assistance to the Bhutanese Refugees in Nepal (09–20 June 2008)
. Accessed 28 May 2013. documents.wfp.org
.Whitecross
, R. W.
2009
. “Intimacy, Loyalty and State Formation: The Spectre of the ‘Anti-National’
.” In Thiranagama
S.
and Kelly
T.
, eds., Traitors: Suspicion, Intimacy and the Ethics of State-Building
, 68
–88
. Philadelphia
: University of Pennsylvania Press
.Whyte
, B.
2002
. Waiting for the Esquimo: An Historical and Documentary Study of the Cooch Behar Enclaves of India and Bangladesh
. Melbourne
: University of Melbourne School of Anthropology, Geography, and Environmental Studies
.Wilson
, T.
, and Donnan
, H.
eds. 1998a
. Border Identities: Nation and State at International Frontiers
. Cambridge
: Cambridge University Press
Wilson
, T.
, and Donnan
, H.
eds. 1998b
. “Nation, State and Identity at International Borders
.” In Wilson
T.
and Donnan
H.
, eds., Border Identities: Nation and State at International Frontiers
, 1
–30
. Cambridge
: Cambridge University Press
.Wilson
, T.
, and Donnan
, H.
eds. 2012a
. “Borders and Border Studies
.” In Wilson
T.
and Donnan
H.
, eds., A Companion to Border Studies
, 1
–25
. Chichester, UK
: Wiley-Blackwell
Wilson
, T.
, and Donnan
, H.
eds. 2012b
. A Companion to Border Studies
. Chichester, UK
: Wiley-Blackwell
.Winichakul
, T.
1994
. Siam Mapped: A History of the Geo-Body of a Nation
. Honolulu
: University of Hawai‘i Press
.Wink
, A.
1986
. Land and Sovereignty in India: Agrarian Society and Politics under the Eighteenth-century Maratha Svarajya
. Cambridge
: Cambridge University Press
.Wood
, A. G.
, ed. 2009
. The Borderlands: An Encyclopedia of Culture and Politics on the U.S.-Mexico Divide
. Westport, CT
: Greenwood
.Woodman
, D.
1969
. Himalayan Frontiers: A Political Review of British, Chinese, Indian and Russian Rivalries
. London
: Barrie and Rockliff, Cresset Press
.Woodward
, R. M.
1989
. “Economy, Polity and Cosmology in the Ao Naga Mithun Feast
.” In Russell
S. D.
, ed., Ritual, Power, and Economy: Upland-Lowland Contrasts in Mainland Southeast Asia
, 121
–42
. DeKalb
: Northern Illinois University, Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Monographs Series on Southeast Asia
.Wouters
, J.
2011
. “ ‘Keeping the Hill Tribes at Bay’: A Critique from India’s Northeast of James C. Scott’s Paradigm of State Evasion
.” European Bulletin of Himalayan Research
39
: 41
–65
.Zaman
, N.
1999
. A Divided Legacy: The Partition in Selected Novels of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh
. Dhaka
: Dhaka University Press
.Zartman
, I. W.
, ed. 2010
. Understanding Life in the Borderland: Boundaries in Depth and in Motion
. Athens
: University of Georgia Press
.Zeppa
, J.
1999
. Beyond the Sky and the Earth: A Journey into Bhutan
. New York
: Riverhead Books
.Zurick
, D.
, and Karan
P. P.
1999
. Himalaya: Life on the Edge of the World
. Baltimore
: Johns Hopkins University Press
.