Munayniyuq: The Owner of the Will (and How to Control That Will)
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Published:September 2015
This story presents Nazario’s conceptualization of the state as munayniyuq--—a Quechua word that is translated as “owner of the will.” During Mariano’s time peasants used the word to refer to the hacendado: they had to blindly obey him or risk imprisonment, torture, and death. In 2002, the hacendado was gone, but peasants continued to be subjected to the abuse of state officials: in the multiculticultural 2000s, police, physicians, and engineers were owners of the will—particularly the will of the state. Focusing on Nazario’s interactions with state officials, this story analyses the relationship between the state and the condition of being in-ayllu as ontological disagreement. It also uses it as an important ethnographic site to explore the tense partial connection between the state and its indigenous citizens.