This content is made freely available by the publisher. It may not be redistributed or altered. All rights reserved.
This content is only available as PDF.
Atlan
Henri
. “Hierarchical Self-Organization in Living Systems: Noise and Meaning
.” In Zeleny
, Autopoiesis
, 185
–208
.Baecker
Dirk
. “Knowledge and Ignorance
.” In Müller
and Müller
, An Unfinished Revolution?
337
–50
.Baecker
Dirk
, ed. Problems of Form
. Trans. Irmscher
Michael
with Edwards
Leah
. Stanford
: Stanford University Press
, 1999
.Baecker
Dirk
. “Why Systems?
” Theory, Culture & Society
18
, no. 1
(2001
): 59
–74
.Barbaras
R.
“The Movement of the Living as the Originary Foundation of Perceptual Intentionality
.” In Petitot
, Varela
, Pachoud
, and Roy
, Naturalizing Phenomenology
, 525
–38
.Becchio
Cristina
, and Bertone
Cesare
. “Beyond Cartesian Subjectivism: Neural Correlates of Shared Intentionality
.” Journal of Consciousness Studies
12
, no. 7
(2005
): 20
–30
.Beller
Jonathan
. The Cinematic Mode of Production: Attention Economy and the Society of the Spectacle
. Hanover, N.H.
: Dartmouth College Press
, 2006
.Beller
Jonathan
. “Kino-I, Kino-World: Notes on the Cinematic Mode of Production
.” In Mirzoeff
, The Visual Culture Reader
, 60
–85
.Berger
Johannes
. “Autopoiesis: Wie ‘Systemisch’ ist die Theorie Sozialer Systeme?
” In Sinn, Kommunikation und Soziale Differenzierung: Beiträge zu Luhmanns Theorie Sozialer Systeme
. Ed. Haferkamp
Hans
and Schmidt
Michael
, 129
–52
. Frankfurt am Main
: Suhrkamp
, 1987
.Berliner
Paul F.
Thinking in Jazz: The Infinite Art of Improvisation
. Chicago
: University of Chicago Press
, 1994
.Bitbol
Michel
, and Luisi
Pier Luigi
. “Autopoiesis with or without Cognition: Defining Life at Its Edge
.” Journal of the Royal Society Interface
1
, no. 1
(2004
): 99
–107
.Borges
Jorge Luis
. “The Circular Ruins
.” In Labyrinths
. Ed. Yates
Donald A.
and Irby
James E.
, 45
–50
. New York
: New Directions
, 1964
.Bourgine
Paul
, and Stewart
John
. “Autopoiesis and Cognition
.” Artificial Life
10
, no. 3
(summer2004
): 327
–45
.Brand
Stewart
. “For God's Sake, Margaret: Conversation with Gregory Bateson and Margaret Mead
.” CoEvolution Quarterly
10
(summer1976
): 32
–44
.Brewin
Chris R.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Malady or Myth?
New Haven
: Yale University Press
, 2003
.Søren
Brier
. “The Construction of Information and Communication: A Cybersemiotic Reentry into Heinz von Foerster's Metaphysical Construction of Second-Order Cybernetics
.” Semiotica
154
, nos. 1/4
(2005
): 355
–99
.Brose
Hans-Georg
. “An Introduction towards a Culture of Non-Simultaneity
.” Time and Society
3
, no. 1
(2005
): 5
–26
.Burroughs
William S.
“Ah Pook the Destroyer/Brion Gyson's All-Purpose Bedtime Story
.” In Burroughs
, Dead City Radio
(CD). Fontana Island
, 1990
. Track 4.Caruth
Cathy
. Trauma: Explorations in Memory
. Baltimore
: Johns Hopkins University Press
, 1995
.Castoriadis
Cornelius
. The Castoriadis Reader
. Trans. and ed. Curtis
David Ames
. Oxford
: Blackwell
, 1997
.Castoriadis
Cornelius
. “Entretien Cornelius Castoriadis et Francisco Varela
.” In Castoriadis
, Postscriptum sur l'insignifiance
, 97
–120
.Castoriadis
Cornelius
. The Imaginary Institution of Society
. Trans. Blarney
Kathleen
. Cambridge, Mass.
: mit Press
, 1987
.Castoriadis
Cornelius
. “The Logic of Magmas and the Question of Autonomy
.” In Castoriadis
, The Castoriadis Reader
, 290
–318
.Castoriadis
Cornelius
. Post-scriptum sur l'insignifiance: Entretiens avec Daniel Mermet, suivi de dialogue
. Paris
: Éditions de l'Aube
, 2000
.Castoriadis
Cornelius
. “Power, Politics, Autonomy
.” In Castoriadis
, Philosophy, Politics, Autonomy
. Trans. Curtis
David Ames
, 143
–74
. New York
: Oxford University Press
, 1991
.Castoriadis
Cornelius
. “Radical Imagination and the Society Instituting Imaginary
.” In Castoriadis
, The Castoriadis Reader
, 319
–37
.Castoriadis
Cornelius
. “The State of the Subject Today
.” In Castoriadis
, World in Fragments: Writings on Politics, Society, Psychoanalysis, and the Imagination
. Trans. and ed. Curtis
David Ames
, 137
–71
. Stanford
: Stanford University Press
, 1997
.Chalmers
David J.
The Conscious Mind: In Search of a Fundamental Theory
. New York
: Oxford University Press
, 1996
.Chalmers
David J.
“Moving Forward on the Problem of Consciousness
.” Journal of Consciousness Studies
4
(1997
): 3
–46
.Christis
Jac
. “Luhmann's Theory of Knowledge: Beyond Realism and Constructivism?
” Soziale Systeme
7
, no. 2
(2001
): 328
–49
.Clam
Jean
. “Die Grundparadoxie des Rechts und ihre Ausfaltung—Ein Beitrag zu einer Analytik des Paradoxen
.” In Die Rückgabe des zwölften Kamels—Niklas Luhmann in der Diskussion über Gerechtigkeit
. Ed. Teubner
Gunther
, 109
–43
. Stuttgart
: Lucius and Lucius
, 2000
.Clam
Jean
. “System's Sole Constituent, the Operation: Clarifying a Central Concept of Luhmannian Theory
.” Acta Sociologica
43
(2000
): 63
–79
.Clark
Andy
. Being There: Putting Brain, Body and World Together Again
. Cambridge, Mass.
: mit Press
, 1997
.Clark
Andy
. Natural Born Cyborgs: Minds, Technologies, and the Future of Human Intelligence
. New York
: Oxford University Press
, 2004
.Clarke
Bruce
. Energy Forms: Allegory and Science in the Era of Classical Thermodynamics
. Ann Arbor
: University of Michigan Press
, 2001
.Clarke
Bruce
. Posthuman Metamorphosis: Narrative and Systems
. New York
: Fordham University Press
, 2008
.Clarke
Bruce
, and Henderson
Linda D.
, eds. From Energy to Information: Representation in Science and Technology, Art, and Literature
. Stanford
: Stanford University Press
, 2002
.Csordas
Thomas
. “Embodiment and Cultural Phenomenology
.” In Weiss
and Haber
, Perspectives on Embodiment
, 143
–62
.Cull
Paul
, and Frank
William
. “Flaws of Form
.” International Journal of General Systems
5
(1979
): 201
–11
.Damasio
Antonio
. The Feeling of What Happens: Body and Emotion in the Making of Consciousness
. New York
: Harcourt Brace
, 1999
.Damasio
Antonio
. Looking for Spinoza: Joy, Sorrow, and the Feeling Brain
. New York
: Harcourt Brace
, 2003
.Davis
Kingsley
. “The Myth of Functional Analysis as a Special Method in Sociology and Anthropology
.” Sociological Review
24
(1959
): 757
–72
.Derrida
Jacques
. “And Say the Animal Responded?
” In Wolfe
, Zoontologies
, 121
–46
.Derrida
Jacques
. Archive Fever: A Freudian Impression
. Trans. Prenowitz
Eric
. Chicago
: University of Chicago Press
, 1996
.Derrida
Jacques
. “Différance
.” Trans. Bass
Alan
. In Kamuf
, A Derrida Reader
, 59
–79
.Derrida
Jacques
. “‘Eating Well’ or The Calculation of the Subject
.” Trans. Connor
Peter
and Ronnell
Avital
. In Who Comes after the Subject?
Ed. Cadava
Eduardo
, Connor
Peter
, and Nancy
Jean-Luc
, 96
–119
. New York
: Routledge
, 1991
.Derrida
Jacques
. Limited Inc.
Ed. Graff
Gerald
. Trans. Weber
Samuel
et al. Evanston, Ill.
: Northwestern University Press
, 1988
.Derrida
Jacques
. Of Grammatology
. Trans. Spivak
Gayatri Chakravorty
. Baltimore
: Johns Hopkins University Press
, 1976
.Derrida
Jacques
. “Positions: Interview with Jean-Louis Houdebine and Guy Scarpetta
.” In Derrida
, Positions
. Trans. Bass
Alan
, 37
–96
. Chicago
: University of Chicago Press
, 1981
.Derrida
Jacques
. “Signature Event Context
.” In Derrida
, Limited Inc.
Derrida
Jacques
. “Speech and Phenomena
.” Trans. Allison
David B.
. In Kamuf
, A Derrida Reader
, 6
–30
.Derrida
Jacques
. Without Alibi
. Trans., ed., and intro. Kamuf
Peggy
. Stanford
: Stanford University Press
, 2002
.Dreyfus
Hubert L.
, and Dreyfus
Stuart E.
“The Challenge of Merleau-Ponty's Phenomenology of Embodiment for Cognitive Science
.” In Weiss
and Haber
, Perspectives on Embodiment
, 103
–20
.Dupré
John
. The Disorder of Things: Metaphysical Foundations of the Disunity of Science
. Cambridge, Mass.
: Harvard University Press
, 1996
.Dupuy
Jean-Pierre
. Aux sources des sciences cognitives
. Paris
: Éditions La Découverte
, 1994
.Dupuy
Jean-Pierre
. The Mechanization of the Mind: On the Origins of Cognitive Science
. Trans. DeBevoise
M. B.
. Princeton
: Princeton University Press
, 2000
.Dupuy
Jean-Pierre
, and Varela
Francisco J.
. “Understanding Origins: An Introduction
.” In Understanding Origins
. Ed. Varela
Francisco
and Dupuy
Jean-Pierre
, 1
–25
. Dordrecht
: Kluwer
, 1992
.Engstrom
Jack
. “Precursors to Laws of Form in C. S. Peirce's Collected Papers
.” Cybernetics and Human Knowing
8
, nos. 1–2
(2001
): 25
–66
.Esposito
Elena
. “Ein zweiwertiger nicht-selbstständiger Kalkül
.” In Baecker
, Kalkül der Form
, 96
–111
.Esterhammer
Angela
. “The Cosmopolitan Improvvisatore: Spontaneity and Performance in Romantic Poetics
.” European Romantic Review
16
(2005
): 153
–65
.Esterhammer
Angela
. Spontaneous Overflows and Revivifying Rays: Romanticism and the Discourse of Improvisation
. 2004
Garnett Sedgewick Memorial Lecture. Vancouver
: Ronsdale Press
, 2004.Fernow
Carl Ludwig
. “Über die Improvisatoren
.” In Fernow
Carl Ludwig
, Römische Studien, Part
2
, 303
–416
. Zurich
: Gessner
, 1806
.Finscher
Ludwig
, ed. Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart: Allgemeine Enzyklopädie der Musik begründet von Friedrich Blume Sachteil
4
. Kassel
: Bärenreiter
, 1996
.Fromm
Erich
. The Anatomy of Human Destructiveness
. New York
: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston
, 1973
.Frost
Robert
. Collected Poems, Prose, and Plays
. Ed. Poirier
Richard
and Richardson
Mark
. New York
: Library of America
, 1995
.Gadamer
Hans Georg
. Die Aktualität des Schönen: Kunst als Spiel, Symbol und Fest
. Stuttgart
: Reclam
, 1977
.Gioia
Ted
. The Imperfect Art: Reflections on Jazz and Modern Culture
. New York
: Oxford University Press
, 1988
.Peter
Godfrey-Smith
. “Spencer and Dewey on Life and Mind
.” In The Philosophy of Artificial Life
. Ed. Boden
Margaret A.
, 314
–31
. Oxford
: Oxford University Press
, 1996
.Grössung
Gerhard
, Hartman
Joseph
, Korn
Werner
, and Müller
Albert
. Heinz von Foerster
90
. Vienna
: Echoraum
, 2001
.Félix
Guattari
. “Machinic Heterogenesis
.” In Rethinking Technologies
. Ed. Conley
V. A.
, 13
–27
. Minneapolis
: University of Minnesota Press
, 1993
.Gumbrecht
Hans Ulrich
. “Epiphany of Form: On the Beauty of Team Sports
.” NLH
30
, no. 2
(spring1999
): 351
–72
.Gumbrecht
Hans Ulrich
. “Form without Matter vs. Form as Event
.” mln
111
(1996
): 578
–92
.Gumbrecht
Hans Ulrich
. Production of Presence: What Meaning Cannot Convey
. Stanford
: Stanford University Press
, 2004
.Hamacher
Werner
. “Das Beben der Darstellung
.” In Positionen der Literaturwissenschaft: Acht Modellanalysen am Beispiel von Kleist's “Das Erdbeben in Chili.”
Ed. Wellbery
David E.
, 149
–73
. Munich
: C. H. Beck
, 1993
.Hansen
Mark B. N.
Bodies in Code: Interfaces with Digital Media
. New York
: Routledge
, 2006
.Haraway
Donna J.
Simians, Cyborgs, and Women: The Reinvention of Nature
.New York
: Routledge
, 1991
.Hayles
Katherine
. How We Became Posthuman: Virtual Bodies in Cybernetics, Literature, and Informatics
. Chicago
: University of Chicago Press
, 1999
.Hayles
Katherine
. My Mother Was a Computer: Digital Subjects and Literary Texts
. Chicago
: University of Chicago Press
, 2005
.Hayles
Katherine
. “Self-Reflexive Metaphors in Maxwell's Demon and Shannon's Choice: Finding the Passages
.” In Hayles
, Chaos Bound: Orderly Disorder in Contemporary Literature and Science
, 31
–60
. Ithaca, N.Y.
: Cornell University Press
, 1990
.Held
Klaus
. “Husserl's Phenomenological Method
.” Trans. Rodemeyer
Lanei
. In The New Husserl: A Critical Reader
. Ed. Welton
Donn
, 3
–31
. Bloomington and Indianapolis
: Indiana University Press
, 2003
.Henderson
Linda D.
The Fourth Dimension and Non-Euclidean Geometry in Modern Art
. Princeton
: Princeton University Press
, 1983
.Holmes
Emily A.
, Brewin
Chris R.
, and Hennessy
Richard G.
“Trauma Films, Information Processing, and Intrusive Memory Development
.” Journal of Experimental Psychology: General
133
, no. 1
(2004
): 3
–22
.Holmes
Su
, and Jermyn
Deborah
, eds. Understanding Reality Television
. London
: Routledge
, 2004
.Jacob
Francois
. The Logic of Life: A History of Heredity
. Trans. Spillmann
Betty E.
. New York
: Pantheon
, 1973
.James
William
. The Principles of Psychology
. Cambridge, Mass.
: Harvard University Press
, 1981
.Jameson
Frederic
. Postmodernism, or, The Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism
. Durham, N.C.
: Duke University Press
, 1991
.Jonas
Hans
. “Biological Foundations of Individuality
.” International Philosophical Quarterly
8
(1968
): 231
–51
.Jonas
Hans
. Mortality and Morality: A Search for the Good after Auschwitz
. Evanston, Ill.
: Northwestern University Press
, 1996
.Jonas
Hans
. The Phenomenon of Life: Toward a Philosophical Biology
. Chicago
: University of Chicago Press
, 1966
.Junge
Kay
. “Medien als Selbstreferenzunterbrecher
.” In Baecker
, Kalkül der Form
, 112
–51
.Kamuf
Peggy
, ed. A Derrida Reader: Between the Blinds
. New York
: Columbia University Press
, 1991
.Kant
Immanuel
. Critique of Judgement
. Trans. Bernard
J. H.
. New York
: Hafner Press
, 1951
.Kant
Immanuel
. Critique of Judgment
. Trans. Pluhar
Werner S.
. Indianapolis
: Hackett Publishing
, 1987
.Kauffman
Louis H.
“The Mathematics of Charles Sanders Peirce
.” Cybernetics and Human Knowing
8
, nos. 1–2
(2001
): 79
–110
.Kauffman
Louis H.
“On the Cybernetics of Fixed Points
.” Cybernetics and Human Knowing
8
, nos. 1–2
(2001
): 133
–40
.Kauffman
Louis H.
“Self-Reference and Recursive Forms
.” Journal of Social and Biological Structures
10
(1987
): 53
–72
.Keller
Evelyn Fox
. A Feeling for the Organism: The Life and Work of Barbara McClintock
. New York
: W. H. Freeman
, 1984
.Kerouac
Jack
. “On Spontaneous Prose
.” In The Portable Jack Kerouac
. Ed. Charters
Ann
, 479
–90
. New York
: Penguin Books
, 1995
.Kim
Jaegwon
. Mind in a Physical World: An Essay on the Mind-Body Problem and Mental Causation
. Cambridge, Mass.
: mit Press
, 1998
.Kirsch
Werner
, and Knyphausen
Dodo zu
. “Unternehmen als ‘autopoietische’ Systeme?
” In Managementforschung I
. Ed. Staehle
Wolfgang H.
and Sydow
Jörg
, 75
–101
Berlin
: de Gruyter
, 1991
.Kleist
Heinrich von
. An Abyss Deep Enough: Letters of Heinrich von Kleist with a Selection of Essays and Anecdotes
. Ed. and trans. Miller
Philip B.
. New York
: E. P. Dutton
, 1982
.Krasner
James
. “Doubtful Arms and Phantom Limbs: Literary Portrayals of Embodied Grief
.” PMLA
119
, no. 2
(2004
): 218
–32
.Kuhn
Thomas S.
The Structure of Scientific Revolutions
. Cambridge, Mass.
: Harvard University Press
, 1970
.Kurzweil
Ray
. “Reflections on Stephen Wolfram's A New Kind of Science
.” http://www.kurzweilai.net/articles/art0464.html.Lacan
Jacques
. Feminine Sexuality: Jacques Lacan and the École Freudienne
. Ed. Mitchell
Juliet
and Rose
Jacqueline
. New York
: Norton
, 1982
.Landgraf
Edgar
. “Self-Forming Selves: Autonomy and Artistic Creativity in Goethe and Moritz
.” Goethe Yearbook
11
(2002
): 159
–76
.Latour
Bruno
. “Is Re-Modernization Occurring—And If So, How to Prove It?: A Commentary on Ulrich Beck
.” Theory, Culture and Society
20
, no. 2
(2003
): 35
–48
.Latour
Bruno
. We Have Never Been Modern
. Trans. Porter
Catherine
. Cambridge, Mass.
: Harvard University Press
, 1993
.LeDoux
Joseph
. The Emotional Brain: The Mysterious Underpinnings of Emotional Life
. New York
: Simon and Schuster
, 1996
.Leff
Harvey S.
, and Rex
Andrew F.
, eds. Maxwell's Demon: Entropy, Information, Computing
. Princeton
: Princeton University Press
, 1990
.Lehmann
Maren
. “Das Medium der Form—Versuch über die Möglichkeiten, George Spencer-Browns Kalkül der ‘Gesetze der Form’ als Medientheorie zu Lesen
.” In Brauns
, Form und Medium
, 39
–56
.Leroi-Gourhan
André
. Gesture and Speech
. Trans. Bostock
Anna
. Cambridge, Mass.
: mit Press
, 1993
.Letelier
J. C.
, Marín
G.
, and Mpodozis
J.
“Autopoietic and (m,r) Systems
.” Journal of Theoretical Biology
222
(2003
): 261
–72
.Livingston
Ira
. Arrow of Chaos: Romanticism and Postmodernity
. Minneapolis
: University of Minnesota Press
, 1997
.Livingston
Ira
. Between Science and Literature: An Introduction to Autopoetics
. Champaign
: University of Illinois Press
, 2006
.Llinás
Rodolpho
. I of the Vortex: From Neurons to Self
. Cambridge, Mass.
: mit Press
, 2001
.Luhmann
Niklas
. Art as a Social System
. Trans. Knodt
Eva M.
. Stanford
: Stanford University Press
, 2000
.Luhmann
Niklas
. “The Autopoiesis of Social Systems
.” In Sociocybernetic Paradoxes—Observation, Control and Evolution of Self-Steering Systems
. Ed. Geyer
R. Felix
and van der Zouwen
Johannes
, 172
–92
. London
: Sage Publications
, 1986
.Luhmann
Niklas
. “The Cognitive Program of Constructivism and a Reality That Remains Unknown
.” In Luhmann
, Theories of Distinction
, 128
–52
.Luhmann
Niklas
. “The Control of Intransparency
.” Systems Research in the Behavioral Sciences
14
(1997
): 359
–71
.Luhmann
Niklas
. “Deconstruction as Second-Order Observing
.” In Luhmann
, Theories of Distinction
, 94
–112
.Luhmann
Niklas
. “Die Paradoxie der Form
.” In Baecker
, Kalkül der Form
, 197
–212
.Luhmann
Niklas
. Einführung in die Systemtheorie
. Ed. Baecker
Dirk
. Heidelberg
: Carl-Auer-Systeme Verlag
, 2002
.Luhmann
Niklas
. “Funktion und Kausalität
.” In Luhmann
, Soziologische Aufklärung1—Aufsätze zur Theorie sozialer Systeme
, 9
–30
. Opladen
: Westdeutscher Verlag
, 1970
(1991).Luhmann
Niklas
. “How Can the Mind Participate in Communication?
” In Luhmann
, Theories of Distinction
, 169
–84
.Luhmann
Niklas
. “The Medium of Art
.” In Luhmann
, Essays on Self-Reference
, 215
–26
. New York
: Columbia University Press
, 1990
.Luhmann
Niklas
. Observations on Modernity
. Trans. Whobrey
William
. Stanford
: Stanford University Press
, 1998
.Luhmann
Niklas
. “The Paradox of Observing Systems
.” In Luhmann
, Theories of Distinction
, 73
–93
.Luhmann
Niklas
. Political Theory in the Welfare State
. Trans. Bednarz
John
Jr.Berlin
: Walter de Gruyter
, 1990
.Luhmann
Niklas
. Social Systems
. Trans. Bednarz
John
Jr., with Baecker
Dirk
. Stanford
: Stanford University Press
, 1995
.Luhmann
Niklas
. “Temporalization of Complexity
.” In Sociocybernetics
. Ed. Geyer
R. Felix
and Zouwen
Johannes van der
, vol. 2
, 95
–111
. Leiden
: Martinus Nijhoff
, 1978
.Luhmann
Niklas
. Theories of Distinction: Redescribing the Descriptions of Modernity
. Ed. Rasch
William
. Stanford
: Stanford University Press
, 2002
.Luhmann
Niklas
. “Weltkunst
.” In Unbeobachtbare Welt: Über Kunst und Architektur
. Ed. Luhmann
Niklas
, Bunsen
F. D.
, and Baecker
Dirk
, 7
–45
. Bielefeld
: C. Haux
, 1990
.Luhmann
Niklas
. “What Is Communication?
” In Luhmann
, Theories of Distinction
, 155
–68
.Lutz
A.
, Lachaux
J.-P.
, Martinerie
J.
, and Varela
Francisco j.
. “Guiding the Study of Brain Dynamics by Using First-Person Data: Synchrony Patterns Correlate with Ongoing Conscious States during a Simple Visual Task
.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
99
(2002
): 1586
–91
.Margulis
Lynn
. “Big Trouble in Biology: Physiological Autopoiesis versus Mechanistic Neo-Darwinism
.” In Margulis
and Sagan
, Slanted Truths: Essays on Gaia, Symbiosis, and Evolution
, 265
–82
. New York
: Springer-Verlag
, 1997
.Margulis
Lynn
. “The Conscious Cell
.” In Cajal and Consciousness: Scientific Approaches to Consciousness on the Centennial of Ramon y Cajal's Textura
. Ed. Marijúan
P. C.
, 55
–70
. New York
: New York Academy of Sciences
, 2001
.Margulis
Lynn
. Symbiosis in Cell Evolution: Microbial Communities in the Archean and Proterozoic Eons
. 2d ed.New York
: W. H. Freeman
, 1992
.Margulis
Lynn
, and Sagan
Dorion
. Microcosmos: Four Billion Years of Evolution from Our Microbial Ancestors
. New York
: Summit Books
, 1986
.Maturana
Humberto R.
“Autopoiesis
.” In Zeleny
, Autopoiesis
, 21
–32
.Maturana
Humberto R.
“Biology of Cognition
” (1970
). In Maturana
and Varela
, Autopoiesis and Cognition
, 2
–58
.Maturana
Humberto
, Lettvin
Jerome
, McCulloch
Warren
, and Pitts
Walter
. “Anatomy and Physiology of Vision in the Frog
.” Journal of General Physiology
43
(1960
): 129
–75
.Maturana
Humberto R.
, and Varela
Francisco J.
. Autopoiesis and Cognition: The Realization of the Living
. Boston
: Riedel
, 1980
.Maturana
Humberto R.
, and Varela
Francisco J.
. “Autopoiesis: The Organization of the Living
.” In Maturana
and Varela
, Autopoiesis and Cognition
, 59
–141
.Maturana
Humberto R.
, and Varela
Francisco J.
. Autopoietic Systems: A Characterization of the Living Organization
. Biological Computer Laboratory Report
9
.4
(September
1
, 1975
).Maturana
Humberto R.
, and Varela
Francisco J.
. De Máquinas y seres vivos: Una teoría de la grganización biológica
. Santiago
: Editorial Universitaria
, 1994
.Maturana
Humberto R.
, and Varela
Francisco J.
. The Tree of Knowledge: The Biological Roots of Human Understanding
. Rev. ed.Boston
: Shambhala
, 1998
.Meguire
Philip
. “Discovering Boundary Algebra: A Simple Notation for Boolean Algebra and the Truth Functors
.” International Journal of General Systems
32
, no. 1
(2003
): 25
–87
.Maurice
Merleau-Ponty
. Phenomenology of Perception
. Trans. Smith
Colin
. London
: Routledge
, 1962
.Metzinger
Thomas
. Being No One: The Self-Model Theory of Subjectivity
. Cambridge, Mass.
: mit Press
, 2003
.Morowitz
Howard
. The Emergence of Everything: How the World Became Complex
. Oxford
: Oxford University Press
, 2004
.Müller
Albert
, and Müller
Karl H.
, eds. An Unfinished Revolution? Heinz von Foerster and the Biological Computer Laboratory/BCL 1958–1976
. Vienna
: Echoraum
, 2007
.Nagel
Thomas
. “What Is It Like to Be a Bat?
” In Nagel
, Mortal Questions
, 165
–80
. New York
: Cambridge University Press
, 1979
.Nisbett
Richard E.
The Geography of Thought: How Asians and Westerners Think Differently … and Why
. New York
: Free Press
, 2003
.Oyama
Susan
. The Ontogeny of Information: Developmental Systems and Evolution
. 2d ed.Durham, N.C.
: Duke University Press
, 2000
.Panksepp
Jaak
. “The Periconscious Substrates of Consciousness: Affective States and the Evolutionary Origins of Self
.” Journal of Consciousness Studies
5
(1998
): 566
–82
.Patočka
Jan
. Body, Community, Language, World
. Trans. Kohák
E.
. Chicago and La Salle
: Open Court
, 1998
.Petitot
Jean
, Varela
Francisco
, Pachoud
Bernard
, and Roy
Jean-Michel
, eds. Naturalizing Phenomenology: Issues in Contemporary Phenomenology and Cognitive Science
. Stanford
: Stanford University Press
, 1999
.Piaget
Jean
. Biology and Knowledge: An Essay on the Relations between Organic Regulations and Cognitive Processes
. Trans. Walsh
Beatrix
. Chicago
: University of Chicago Press
, 1971
.Prigogine
Ilya
, and Stengers
Isabelle
. Order Out of Chaos: Man's New Dialogue with Nature
. New York
: Bantam
, 1984
.Quine
Willard von Orman
. “On What There Is
.” In Quine
, From a Logical Point of View
, 1
–19
. Cambridge, Mass.
: Harvard University Press
, 1953
.Ramachandran
V. S.
Mirror Neurons and Imitation Learning as the Driving Force behind the ‘Great Leap Forward’ in Human Evolution
. Edge
69
(June
2000
). http://www.edge.org/3rd_culture/ramachandran/ramachandran_index.html.Ramachandran
V. S.
, and Blakeslee
Sandra
. Phantoms in the Brain
. New York
: William Morrow
, 1998
.Rasch
William
. Niklas Luhmann's Modernity: The Paradoxes of Differentiation
. Stanford
: Stanford University Press
, 2000
.Roberts
David
. “Self-Reference in Literature
.” In Baecker
, Problems of Form
, 27
–45
.Rorty
Richard
. Essays on Heidegger and Others: Philosophical Papers
, vol. 2
. Cambridge
: Cambridge University Press
, 1991
.Rosch
Eleanor
. “Principles of Categorization
.” In Cognition and Categorization
. Ed. Rosch
Eleanor
and Lloyd
B. B.
. Hillsdale, N.J.
: Lawrence Erlbaum
, 1978
.Rosen
Robert
. Life Itself: A Comprehensive Inquiry into the Nature, Origin, and Fabrication of Life
. New York
: Columbia University Press
, 1991
.Roy
Jean-Michel
, Petitot
Jean
, Pachoud
Bernard
, and Varela
Francisco
. “Beyond the Gap: An Introduction to Naturalizing Phenomenology
.” In Petitot
, Varela
, Pachoud
, and Roy
, Naturalizing Phenomenology
, 1
–80
.Rudrauf
David
, Lutz
Antoine
, Cosmelli
Diego
, Lachaux
Jean-Philippe
, and Quyen
Michel Le Van
. “From Autopoiesis to Neurophenomenology: Francisco Varela's Exploration of the Biophysics of Being
.” Biological Research
36
, no. 1
(2003
): 27
–65
.Schiltz
Michael
. “Form and Medium—A Mathematical Reconstruction
.” In Image and Narrative—Special Issue: Medium Theory
. Ed. Boyden
Michael
, Schiltz
Michael
, Looy
Jan Van
, and Verschraegen
Gert
, 2003
. http://www.imageandnarrative.be/mediumtheory/michaelschiltz.htm.Schiltz
Michael
, and Nishibe
Makoto
“Money between Form and Medium
.” Evolutionary and Institutional Economics Review
. Forthcoming.Schiltz
Michael
, and Verschraegen
Gert
. “Spencer-Brown, Luhmann and Autology
.” Cybernetics and Human Knowing
9
, nos. 3–4
(2002
): 55
–78
.Schneider
Eric D.
, and Sagan
Dorion
. Into the Cool: Energy Flow, Thermodynamics, and Life
. Chicago
: University of Chicago Press
, 2005
.Schwanitz
Dietrich
. “Systems Theory according to Niklas Luhmann—Its Environment and Conceptual Strategies
.” Cultural Critique
30
(spring1995
): 137
–70
.Maxine
Sheets-Johnstone
. The Primacy of Movement
. Philadelphia
: John Benjamins Press
, 1999
.Silberstein
Michael
, and McGeever
John
. “The Search for Ontological Emergence
.” Philosophical Quarterly
49
, no. 195
(1999
): 182
–200
.Simon
Fritz B.
“Mathematik und Erkenntnis: Eine Möglichkeit, die ‘Laws of Form’ zu lesen
.” In Baecker
, Kalkül der Form
, 38
–57
.Simondon
Gilbert
. “The Genesis of the Individual
.” Trans. Cohen
Mark
and Kwinter
Sanford
. In Incorporations
. Ed. Crary
Jonathan
and Kwinter
Sanford
, 296
–319
. New York
: Zone
, 1992
.Simondon
Gilbert
. L'Individuation psychique et collective
. Paris
: Aubier Montaigne
, 1992
.Singer
Isaac Bashevis
. “The Snow in Chelm
.” In Singer
, Zlateh the Goat and Other Stories
, 29
–38
. New York
: Harper Collins
, 1966
.Smith
Hayel
, and Dean
Roger
. Improvisation, Hypermedia and the Arts since1945
. Performing Arts Studies, vol. 4
. Amsterdam
: Harwood Academic Publishers
, 1997
.George
Spencer-Brown
. Laws of Form
. London
: Allen and Unwin
, 1969
; rp. Portland: Cognizer, 1994.George
Spencer-Brown
. Probability and Scientific Inference
. London
: Longmans Green
, 1957
.Stengers
Isabelle
. Power and Invention: Situating Science
. Trans. Bains
Paul
. Minneapolis
: University of Minnesota Press
, 1997
.Stewart
John
. “Cognition = Life: Implications for Higher-Level Cognition
.” Behavioural Processes
35
(1996
): 311
–26
.Stewart
John
. “Life = Cognition: The Epistemological and Ontological Significance of Artificial Life
.” In Toward a Practice of Autonomous Systems: Proceedings of the First European Conference on Artificial Life
. Ed. Bourgine
Paul
and Varela
Francisco J.
, 475
–83
. Cambridge, Mass.
: mit Press
, 1992
.Stiegler
Bernard
. Technics and Time
. Vol. 1
: The Fault of Epimetheus. Trans. Beardsworth
Richard
and Collins
George
. Stanford
: Stanford University Press
, 1998
.Taylor
Richard
. “Fractal Expressionism—Where Art Meets Science
.” In Art and Complexity
. Ed. Casti
John
and Karlqvist
Anders
, 117
–44
. Amsterdam
: Elsevier
, 2003
.Teubner
Gunther
. “Economics of Gift—Positivity of Justice: The Mutual Paranoia of Jacques Derrida and Niklas Luhmann
.” Theory, Culture and Society
18
, no. 1
(2001
): 29
–47
.Teubner
Gunther
, and Febbrajo
Alberto
, eds. State, Law, and Economy as Autopoietic Systems: Regulation and Autonomy in a New Perspective
. Milan
: Giuffre
, 1987
.Thompson
Evan
. Mind in Life: Biology, Phenomenology, and the Sciences of Mind
. Cambridge, Mass.
: Harvard University Press
, 2007
.Thompson
Evan
, and Varela
Francisco J.
“Radical Embodiment: Neuronal Dynamics and Consciousness
.” Trends in Cognitive Science
5
(2001
): 418
–25
.Thrift
Nigel
. “Remembering the Technological Unconscious by Foregrounding Knowledges of Position
.” Environment and Planning D: Society and Space
22
(2004
): 175
–90
.Turner
J. Scott
. The Extended Organism: The Physiology of Animal-Built Structures
. Cambridge, Mass.
: Harvard University Press
, 2000
.Varela
Francisco J.
“Autonomy and Autopoiesis
.” In Self-Organizing Systems: An Interdiciplinary Approach
. Ed. Roth
G.
and Schwegler
H.
, 14
–24
. New York
: Campus Verlag
, 1981
.Varela
Francisco J.
“Autopoïese et émergence
.” In La Complexité, vertiges et promesses
. Ed. Benkirane
Réda
. Paris
: Le Pommier
, 2002
.Varela
Francisco J.
“A Calculus for Self-Reference
.” International Journal of General Systems
2
(1975
): 5
–24
.Varela
Francisco J.
“Describing the Logic of the Living: The Adequacy and Limitations of the Idea of Autopoiesis
.” In Zeleny
, Autopoiesis
, 36
–48
.Varela
Francisco J.
. “The Early Days of Autopoiesis: Heinz and Chile
.” Systems Research
13
, no. 3
(1996
): 407
–16
.Varela
Francisco J.
. Ethical Know-How: Action, Wisdom and Cognition
. Stanford
: Stanford University Press
, 1999
.Varela
Francisco J.
. “Intimate Distances: Fragments for a Phenomenology of Organ Transplantation
.” In Between Ourselves: Second-Person Issues in the Study of Consciousness
. Ed. Thompson
Evan
, 259
–71
. Thorverton, UK
: Imprint Academic
, 2001
.Varela
Francisco J.
“Introduction: The Ages of Heinz von Foerster
.” In Foerster
von
, Observing Systems
, 2d ed., xiii
–xviii
. Salinas, Calif.
: Intersystems
, 1984
.Varela
Francisco J.
“Making It Concrete: Before, during and after Breakdowns
.” In Revisioning Philosophy
. Ed. Ogilvy
James
. Albany
: suny Press
, 1992
.Varela
Francisco J.
. “The Naturalization of Phenomenology as the Transcendence of Nature: Searching for Generative Mutual Constraints
.” Alter
5
(1997
): 355
–81
.Varela
Francisco J.
. “Neurophenomenology: A Methodological Remedy for the Hard Problem
.” Journal of Consciousness Studies
3
(1996
): 330
–50
.Varela
Francisco J.
. “On Being Autonomous: The Lessons of Natural History for Systems Theory
.” In Applied Systems Research
. Ed. Klir
George
, 77
–85
. New York
: Plenum Press
, 1977
.Varela
Francisco J.
. “On Observing Natural Systems (interview by Donna Johnson)
.” CoEvolution Quarterly
11
(summer1976
): 26
–31
.Varela
Francisco J.
. “Organism: A Meshwork of Selfless Selves
.” In Organism and the Origin of Self
. Ed. Tauber
A.
, 79
–107
. Dordrecht
: Kluwer Academic Publishers
, 1991
.Varela
Francisco J.
“Patterns of Life: Intertwining Identity and Cognition
.” Brain and Cognition
34
(1997
): 72
–87
.Varela
Francisco J.
Principles of Biological Autonomy
. New York
: Elsevier North Holland
, 1979
.Varela
Francisco J.
“Reflections on the Chilean Civil War
.” Lindisfarne Letter
8
(winter1979
): 13
–19
.Varela
Francisco J.
“Resonant Cell Assemblies: A New Approach to Cognitive Functions and Neuronal Synchrony
.” Biological Research
28
(1995
): 81
–95
.Varela
Francisco J.
“The Specious Present: A Neurophenomenology of Time Consciousness
.” In Petitot
, Varela
, Pachoud
, and Roy
, Naturalizing Phenomenology
, 266
–314
.Varela
Francisco J.
“Steps to a Science of Inter-Being: Unfolding the Dharma Implicit in Modern Cognitive Science
.” In The Psychology of Awakening
. Ed. Bachelor
S.
, Claxton
G.
, and Watson
G.
, 71
–89
. New York
: Random House
, 1999
.Varela
Francisco J.
. “Whence Perceptual Meaning? A Cartography of Current Ideas
.” In Dupuy
and Varela
, Understanding Origins
, 235
–63
.Varela
Francisco J.
, and Coutinho
Antonio
. “Immunoknowledge: The Immune System as a Learning Process of Somatic Individuation
.” In Doing Science: The Reality Club
. Ed. Brockman
John
, 237
–56
. New York
: Prentice Hall
, 1991
.Varela
Francisco J.
, and Depraz
Natalie
. “At the Source of Time: Valence and the Constitutional Dynamics of Affect
.” Journal of Consciousness Studies
12
, nos. 8–10
(2005
): 61
–81
.Varela
Francisco J.
, Lachaux
F. J.
, Rodriguez
J.-P.
, and Martinerie
J.
. “The Brainweb: Phase Synchronization and Large-Scale Integration
.” Nature Reviews: Neuroscience
2
(2001
): 229
–39
.Varela
Francisco J.
, and Maturana
Humberto M.
“Time Course of Excitation and Inhibition in the Vertebrate Retina
.” Experimental Neurology
26
(1970
): 53
–59
.Varela
Francisco J.
, Maturana
Humberto M.
, and Uribe
Ricardo
“Autopoiesis: The Organization of Living Systems, Its Characterization and a Model
.” BioSystems
5
(1974
): 187
–96
.Varela
Francisco J.
, Thompson
Evan
, and Rosch
Eleanor
. The Embodied Mind: Cognitive Science and Human Experience
. Cambridge, Mass.
: mit Press
, 1991
.Varga von Kibéd
Matthias
, and Matzka
Rudolf
. “Motive und Grundgedanke der ‘Gesetze der Form.’
” In Baecker
, Kalkül der Form
, 58
–85
.Velvet Goldmine
. Dir. Todd
Haynes
. Miramax
, 1998
.Viskovatoff
Alex
. “Foundations of Niklas Luhmann's Theory of Social Systems
.” Philosophy of the Social Sciences
29
, no. 4
(1999
): 481
–516
.von Foerster
Heinz
. “A Circuitry of Clues to Platonic Ideation
.” In Aspects of the Theory of Artificial Intelligence
. Ed. Muses
Charles A.
, 43
–82
. New York
: Plenum Press
, 1962
.von Foerster
Heinz
. “Cybernetics of Epistemology
.” In von Foerster
, Understanding Understanding
, 237
–41
.von Foerster
Heinz
. Das Gedächtnis: Eine Quantum-physikalische Untersuchung
. Vienna
: Franz Deuticke
, 1948
.von Foerster
Heinz
. “Ethics and Second-Order Cybernetics
.” In von Foerster
, Understanding Understanding
, 287
–304
.von Foerster
Heinz
. “For Niklas Luhmann: ‘How Recursive is Communication?’
” In von Foerster
, Understanding Understanding
, 305
–23
.von Foerster
Heinz
. “Introduction to Natural Magic
.” In von Foerster
, Understanding Understanding
, 325
–38
.von Foerster
Heinz
. “Laws of Form
.” In The Last Whole Earth Catalog
. Ed. Brand
Stewart
, 14
. Palo Alto, Calif.
: Portola Institute
, 1971
.von Foerster
Heinz
. “Molecular Ethology, An Immodest Proposal for Semantic Clarification
.” In von Foerster
, Understanding Understanding
, 133
–67
.von Foerster
Heinz
. “Notes on an Epistemology for Living Things
.” In von Foerster
, Understanding Understanding
, 247
–59
.von Foerster
Heinz
. “Objects: Tokens for (Eigen-)Behaviors
.” In von Foerster
, Understanding Understanding
, 261
–71
.von Foerster
Heinz
. Observing Systems
. Salinas, Calif.
: Intersystems Publications
, 1981
.von Foerster
Heinz
. “On Constructing a Reality
.” In von Foerster
, Understanding Understanding
, 211
–27
.von Foerster
Heinz
. “On Self-Organizing Systems and Their Environments
.” In von Foerster
, Understanding Understanding
, 1
–19
.von Foerster
Heinz
. “Principles of Self-Organization in a Socio-Managerial Context
.” In Self-Organization and Management of Social Systems
. Ed. Ulrich
H.
and Probst
Gilbert J. B.
, 2
–24
. Berlin
: Springer
, 1984
.von Foerster
Heinz
. Understanding Understanding: Essays on Cybernetics and Cognition
.New York
: Springer
, 2003
.von Foerster
Heinz
. “What Is Memory That It May Have Hindsight and Foresight as Well?
” In von Foerster
, Understanding Understanding
, 101
–31
.von Foerster
Heinz
, with Poerksen
Bernhard
. Understanding Systems: Conversations on Epistemology and Ethics
.New York
: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers
, 2002
.Wagner
Gerhard
. “The End of Luhmann's Social Systems Theory
.” Philosophy of the Social Sciences
27 (1997
): 387
–409
.Weber
Andreas
, and Varela
Francisco J.
. “Life after Kant: Natural Purposes and the Autopoietic Foundations of Biological Individuality
.” Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences
1
, no. 2
(2002
): 97
–125
.Weiss
Gail
, and Haber
Honi Fern
, eds. Perspectives on Embodiment: The Intersection of Nature and Culture
. New York
: Routledge
, 1999
.Wellbery
David
. “Contingency
.” In Neverending Stories: Toward a Critical Narratology
. Ed. Fehn
Ann
, Hoesterey
Ingeborg
, and Tatar
Maria
, 237
–57
. Princeton
: Princeton University Press
, 1992
.Wheeler
Michael
. “Cognition's Coming Home: The Reunion of Life and Mind
.” In Proceedings of the Fourth European Conference on Artificial Life
. Ed. Husbands
Phil
and Harvey
Inman
, 10
–19
. Cambridge, Mass.
: mit Press
, 1997
.Wiener
Norbert
. Cybernetics, or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine
. 2d ed.New York
: mit Press
, 1961
.Wiener
Norbert
. The Human Use of Human Beings: Cybernetics and Society
. Boston
: Houghton Mifflin
, 1950
.Wittgenstein
Ludwig
. Logisch-philosophische Abhandlung: Tractatus Logico-philosophicus
. Ed. McGuinness
Brian
and Schulte
Joachim
. Frankfurt am Main
: Suhrkamp
, 1922
(1989).Wittgenstein
Ludwig
. Tractatus logico-philosophicus—The German Text of Ludwig Wittgenstein's Logisch-philosophische Abhandlung
. London
: Routledge and Kegan Paul
, 1921
(1971).Wolfe
Cary
. Animal Rites: American Culture, the Discourse of Species, and Posthumanist Theory
. Chicago
: University of Chicago Press
, 2003
.Wolfe
Cary
. Critical Environments: Postmodern Theory and the Pragmatics of the “Outside.”
Minneapolis
: University of Minnesota Press
, 1998
.Wolfe
Cary
. “When You Can't Believe Your Eyes: The Prosthetics of Subjectivity and the Ethical Force of the Feminine in Dancer in the Dark
.” Subject Matters
3
, no. 2–4
, no. 1 (2007
): 113
–44
.Wolfe
Cary
, ed. Zoontologies: The Question of the Animal
. Minneapolis
: University of Minnesota Press
, 2003
.Wordsworth
William
. The Letters of William and Dorothy Wordsworth
. Vol. 1
. Ed. Selincourt
Ernest de
. 2d ed., rev.Shaver
Chester L.
. Oxford
: Clarendon Press
, 1967
.Young
Iris Marion
. Throwing like a Girl and Other Essays in Feminist Philosophy and Social Theory
. Bloomington
: Indiana University Press
, 1990
.Yovits
Marshall C.
, and Cameron
Scott
, eds. Self-Organizing Systems
. New York
: Pergamon Press
, 1960
.Zahavi
Dan
. Self-Awareness and Alterity: A Phenomenological Investigation
. Evanston, Ill.
: Northwestern University Press
, 1999
.Zeleny
Milan
. “Autopoiesis: A Paradigm Lost?
” In Autopoiesis, Dissipative Structures, and Spontaneous Social Orders
. Ed. Zeleny
Milan
, 3
–43
. Boulder
: Westview Press
, 1980
.Zeleny
Milan
, ed. Autopoiesis: A Theory of Living Organization
. New York
: North Holland
, 1981
.Zolo
Danilo
. “The Epistemological Status of the Theory of Autopoiesis and Its Applications to the Social Sciences
.” In Teubner
and Febbrajo
, State, Law, and Economy
, 67
–124
.Zolo
Danilo
. “Function, Meaning, Complexity: The Epistemological Premises of Niklas Luhmann's ‘Sociological Enlightenment.’
” Philosophy of the Social Sciences
16
(1986
): 115
–27
.
