Using the analytical tool of counter-topography (as developed by Cindi Katz), the chapter describes the interconnected processes through which Kichwa and Tsáchila women (whose names in their own language are introduced) are positioned as race-gendered, rural, low-income subjects in Ecuador’s uneven development, and the consequences this has for their embodiments, social relations, and livelihoods. The chapter draws out the differentiated nature of their positionalities and compares the two groups in order to disentangle ethnic, regional political economy, and national political historical factors that coconstitute them as similar but differentiated “indigenous women.” A fine-grained contextualization that draws on individual women’s narratives...