...Sandra Kiesow Abstract The small island nation of São Tomé and Príncipe was one of the world’s leading producers of cocoa beans in the early twentieth century. The tropical climate, the abundant precipitation, and the fertile volcanic soils of the islands contributed to a rapid development of cocoa...

... the importance of chattel credit in the agricultural mechanization that occurred during these years. This type of credit involved smaller principal sums than land credit but was a significant element in the business and commercial processes of the town and although more costly than land credit the difference...

... to assess the nature of the labor regime, Burtt first traveled to Portugal and then to most of its African colonies, including (in order): the cocoa-producing islands of são Tomé and Príncipe; the nearby, labor-supplying colony of Angola; and, finally, on the far side of the continent, Mozambique. As Higgs...

... World War II; and the industry's response to the competition from synthetics through Cotton Incorporated. About half the work deals with the latter, which is the real contribution of the book. As indicated by the title, marketing became the principal effort of Cotton Incor? porated, but it funded...

... that the failure of the 80th Congress to pass meaningful long-term farm legislation was the first lost opportunity. But worse was to come. Farm policy became a major issue in the contentious 1948 presidential election. The Hope-Aiken Act became a principal target for President Truman's condemnation of the "do...

... to purebred Holstein-Friesians. The im? portance of this evolution in small and large farming efforts was discussed Book Reviews / 253 previously in many histories of the dairy industry in North America, such as the work of Marjorie Cohen. The economies that prompted the Bogues's decision?principally...

... the National Council, a bicameral legislature, and provided for the principal chief, a separate executive official. They estab? lished nine districts corresponding more or less to counties in adjoining states.1 Largely tailoring their political institutions along Anglo-American lines, the Cherokees stitched...

.... uscaloosa:UniversitoyfAlabamaPress, 2008.248pp42.50,paperbackI,SBN 978-0-8173-1597-9. The pastdecade has witnesseda resurgenceofacademicinterestin south- ernagriculture,speciallytheperiodfrom1920 through1970.Principally focusedon the cotton-producinrgegions,these studiesgenerallyfollow two approaches:changinglabor arrangementasnd...

... ( 6 ). 51. The name of the journal at this time was Harper's Bazar (not Bazaar ). Martha Bensley Bruère and Robert Bruère 's inquiries were documented in a series spread over six issues of Harper's Bazar with the principal title “The Revolt of the Farmer's Wife!” The separate...

... the specific factors that affected ranching. To this particular reviewer, the book is most convincing after the initial discussion of the way ranches were set up and organized, principally because that section is heavily weighted toward hypothetical reconstruc- tions, or based on the evidence of just a few...

... the pos? sible application of the yeomanesque ideal in the future and suggests where Drake might be heading with his next book. Unfortunately, several errors tarnish this work. For example, Matewan, West Virginia Police Chief Sid Hatfield, a principal in the celebrated mine war of 1920-1921, is identified...

... notwithstanding the familiarity of its context and content, this work offers insights into the forms and varieties of agricultural production possible in the period. gerhard Seibert s piece on São Tomé and Príncipe, for example, is exceptionally instructive on the models of sugar production in africa until...

... of the resolution his local lens offers?the book is impressionist rather than pointillist, notably on economic matters?in order to broaden the scope of his inquiry. The broadening involves adding a cul? tural dimension, and this is the work's main contribution. Coates is principally interested in "how the people...

... (9). And at the core of his analy? sis lies a provocative question: "Who holds the right and power to engineer the landscape for market production?" (9). Igler organizes his findings in six well-crafted chapters. The principal historical actor throughout is neither Miller nor Lux but "nature," which...

... pages, completes an eight-volume series first conceived in 1956. This, the seventh vol? ume in the series but the last to be published, was begun fifteen years ago; so long has it been in the making that two of the principal contributors died ...

... of in? dustrialization around the end of the eighteenth century while China and other principal Asian countries lagged behind, Pomeranz contributes a myriad of analyses and insights to the field that should lead to the rewriting of both Asian and European histories. Refusing to privilege the European model...

... they did not place their analysis within a broad context. Finally, Alanís Enciso points out that scholars skipped over Ramón Beteta, Mexico s undersecretary of foreign relations, and his essential role in organizing the repatriation movement from the United States. The principal focus of this book...

..., are a national rather than an ethnic group. The majority of settlers in Montcalm were francophones from New England and Quebec, but there were also Metis, Germans, and a sizable number of anglophones, principally from Ontario. The author has skillfully combined quantitative analysis in the census, tax records...

... principally the phylloxera disaster that eventually killed nearly every vine in Europe wiped out supplies of grapes, and thus wine. Then, in response to rising prices, creative individuals learned how to make artificial and fraudulent wines out of many kinds of raw materials. Because many of these were...

... considerations of the political economy of nativist and abolitionist sentiments in advocating state support for temperate crops, principally corn and beets. One sees the state s heavy hand in 265 Agricultural History Spring promoting and demoting sweet stuff. There is state investment in analytic chemistry...